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Summary: The battle took place in Massachusetts, specifically in the cities of Lexington and Concord. The colonists ended up winning, as the British came into Lexington and Concord to steal weapons from the colonists in an attempt to prevent violence. The colonists were made aware of this and came to Lexington and Concord to counter the British and fight for their rights.

Significance: This was the first battle of the American Revolution, and it was a huge turning point in American history. It paved the way for the Declaration of Independence to come about.

Sources:

https://www.battlefields.org/learn/revolutionary-war/battles/lexington-and-concord

https://soldiersangels.org/the-battle-of-lexington-and-concord-honoring-its-legacy/

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Summary: The Patriots lost in the planned British attack in Charleston. The British had many casualties in comparison to the unprepared Patriots, who were in more of a mob formation than a military formation.

Significance: Demonstrated that peace could not be salvaged between the mother country and the colonies. It was the first MAJOR battle of the American Revolution and dictated the outcome of the war remaining.

Sources:

https://www.thefreedomtrail.org/trail-sites/bunker-hill-monument#:~:text=The%20Battle%20of%20Bunker%20Hill,the%20rest%20of%20the%20war.

https://www.battlefields.org/learn/revolutionary-war/battles/bunker-hill#:~:text=Massachusetts%20%7C%20Jun%2017%2C%201775,colonies%20was%20no%20longer%20possible.

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Summary: George Washington organized a surprise attack on the Hessian mercenaries fighting for the British, in Trenton, New Jersey. The Patriots won, greatly catching the Hessians off guard, and obtained much-needed resources to continue fighting the war.

Significance: The battle gave Americans hope that they could still win when all hope of winning was almost lost. It also proved that George Washington was a practical and smart leader, as his surprise attack worked and granted the Patriots a victory after many losses in battles previously.

Sources:

https://www.americanhistorycentral.com/entries/battle-of-trenton/

https://www.battlefields.org/learn/revolutionary-war/battles/trenton

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Summary: Consisted of 2 battles that occurred 18 days apart. The British intended to isolate the New England colonies from the rest of the Americas, they wanted to do this by taking control of the Hudson River Valley. The British ended up surrendering to the Patriots as they were surrounded by their forces, resulting in a victory for the colonies.

Significance: An important turning point in the war, the Patriot victory was enough to convince France to ally with the Americans and ultimately join them in war, which helped turn the war in American favor as France supplied the Americans with important resources. This victory also boosted American morale.

Sources:

https://www.history.com/topics/american-revolution/battle-of-saratoga

https://www.britannica.com/event/Battles-of-Saratoga

https://www.battlefields.org/learn/revolutionary-war/battles/saratoga

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Summary: The Patriots led by General Morgan used a double envelopment strategy which included the militia retreating to trap the British close to Thicketty Creek, South Carolina. This tactic worked as it resulted in a Patriot victory and heavy British casualties.

Significance: This battle showed that the Patriots were smart and effective with their fighting strategies. It weakened British efforts significantly to control the southern colonies, thus again, boosting American patriotism.

Sources:

https://www.battlefields.org/learn/revolutionary-war/battles/cowpens

https://www.history.com/topics/american-revolution/battle-of-cowpens

https://bing.com/search?q=summary+of+Battle+of+Cowpens

https://www.ducksters.com/history/american_revolution/battle_of_cowpens.php

https://www.mountvernon.org/library/digitalhistory/digital-encyclopedia/article/battle-of-cowpens#:~:text=The%20Battle%20of%20Cowpens%20was,Crown%20in%20the%20southern%20colonies.

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Summary: The battle of Yorktown was the last major battle of the Revolution, and the French came to help the Patriots by blocking the British's source of reinforcement soldiers and resources coming by ocean. The British army ended up getting trapped on the Yorktown peninsula by the Patriot and French forces, who were equipped with guns. The British eventually surrendered after realizing they could not win the battle.

Significance: This is considered the battle that solidified American victory and independence. The fact that the French came to help the Patriots win the Revolution shows the importance of international help throughout the war. Yorktown led to official peace negotiations, (found in the Treaty of Paris in 1783) and laid the groundwork for a new nation to be built.

Sources:

https://www.battlefields.org/learn/revolutionary-war/battles/yorktown

https://www.americanhistorycentral.com/entries/battle-of-yorktown/