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This graphic shows all the skills that fall under the term Phonological Awareness. 

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Phonological Awareness Classroom Activity (Scavenger Hunt)

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Phonological Awareness Classroom Activity (Scavenger Hunt)

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Walk around the classroom or school and point out different objects such as, desk, pencil, slide, ball, etc. Have the students repeat the word back, the sound of the first letter in the word and the letter itself. This is a great activity because it focuses on the oral sounds instead of showing the students print. As students progress you can ask them for the last letter sound, or middle letter sound.

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This is an example of a flashcard you may show a student so they can practice segmenting, blending, deletion of a letter and substitution! 

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Phonemic Awareness Classroom Activity (Segmenting and Blending Kinesthetic Activity)

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Phonemic Awareness Classroom Activity (Segmenting and Blending Kinesthetic Activity)

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You will need a segmenting or blending mat and Play-doh. As students segment a word into phonemes they can push the button of Play-doh down. When blending have students create a ball of Play-doh for every phoneme, as the word blends they can squish (blend) the Play-doh together. This is great for a small group, as a station or as a whole group activity. This is also a great hands-on way to learn segmenting and blending to promote Phonemic Awareness. This is also something you could recommend to families for students to do at home.

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This is an example of a common letters and sound children will learn to recognize. 

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Students will need to learn both letters individually, how they sound individually and how they sound together. They will also learn sight words that model the phoneme.

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Phonological Awareness Resources for Families

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Phonological Awareness Resources for Families

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Rhyming puzzles/ games: There are lots of puzzles (by Learning Resources for example) that will help students pair words/ sounds or pictures of things that rhyme. Printing out or writing out your own memory match or puzzle pieces could be an option as well.

What Rhymes With Game?: This is an oral game that requires no materials. Simply ask your student or child, "what rhymes with (insert word)?" This is great because you can play in the car, on a walk, at the dinner table- or anywhere! As time goes on have your child find two words that rhyme with the word you give them.

Both of these activities can be altered to best support any family and any home situation- as they don't require wifi, or spending any money. Puzzles and memory match can be completed independently so a child's family does not need to speak English either.

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Phonics Classroom Activity (Phonics Puzzle)

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Phonics Classroom Activity (Phonics Puzzle)

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For this activity students will need to identify a letter and it's sound to pair it with a picture/ word the represents the same sound. This can be done in a small group, independently, as a station, whole class through the projector or on the carpet. You could even make your own bigger puzzle pieces so it is easier for the whole class to do this together. This activity is great because it makes the connection between a phoneme (one letter and it's sound) to a recognizable object for students.

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Phonemic Awareness Resources for Families: 

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Phonemic Awareness Resources for Families: 

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Phonemic Awareness Videos: I would recommend families choose a video with only sound. There are many videos on YouTube that have students interact by using hand gestures while segmenting, blending, or deleting letters.

Magnetic letters, printed or written tangible letters: For families with unique situations I would recommend having some tangible letters. Place letters out and have your student sound out the letters and blend them together to read the word. Making real sight words or silly words work! Families can also practice deletion and substitution of letters this way by making a word (ex: cat) and saying, (ex: change the word to "Bat").

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Interactive Phonics Videos- There are many interactive Phonics videos and games that can be found on Youtube. I would recommend choosing a video that has both sound and visual letters for early readers.

Early Reader Phonics Books- Families can purchase these books and read to or listen to their students engage with common sight words and phonics. For families that have different dynamics, students can rent out a phonics book from the school library instead so they can still get practice at home.

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Vocabulary is a group of words a student is able to understand. Vocabulary can be learned and understood through reading, speaking and listening.

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Vocabulary Classroom Activity: (Decoding Prefixes and Suffixes)

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Vocabulary Classroom Activity: (Decoding Prefixes and Suffixes)

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Teach your students common prefixes and suffixes. Create a bunch of words and decode them with your class. When it comes time to read your students will have an easier time decoding new vocabulary, now that they have learned how to break words down.

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Vocabulary Memory Match: Have words printed out, and have their matching card be a picture. Have students play memory match at home! Templates can be created and sent home by the teacher, or families can create their own with a word list that is sent home. This works for families with exceptionalities because wifi and a printer are not needed. Sight words and photos are on the cards as well, so ELL families can still assist without knowing too much English.

Pictionary or Charades: Students will either act out or draw to represent a vocabulary word with family and friends at home. Students will also have a chance to guess vocabulary words based off of others drawings or skits. A word list can be sent home so families know what words should be used, and it can be used as a word bank to guess.

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All of components mentioned on this bulletin aid in comprehension. Without vocabulary, phonemic awareness and so on, students will not comprehend words, sentences and entire texts.

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Comprehension Classroom Activity: (Roll and Retell)

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Comprehension Classroom Activity: (Roll and Retell)

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This activity can be used in small groups, as a whole class, as a center or in partners! After reading a story to the whole class, or after having students read with partners have then partake in a Roll and Retell to practice comprehension. I like this activity as it is super customizable and can be used for any book, any grade and in any situation! A template like this can also be sent home incase families want to use something like this.

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Draw the story: After being read to at home students can draw out the story and show their families their comprehension. For gifted students, I would encourage their families to have then write out a summary, hopefully in complete sentences- but depending on age a few words is great too!

Five-Finger-Retell: After being read to, students will recall the characters, setting, events, problem and solution. One finger for each detail that needs to be remembered! This is a great way for families to see how their student is comprehending reading.

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This website provides e-books, read-aloud and PDF downloads of books! Books are multi-lingual and can be read in printed in many different languages! This is a free resources that also has books with many different reading levels! This would be very beneficial in supporting ELLs. I would print out a text in their native language, alongside English, so they can compare words!

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NewsELA has many different articles on different topics such as, sports, the arts and politics. Every article comes in different versions for differing grade levels and reading levels. This is a great way to differentiate, because the class receives the same content but in different reading levels. I would challenge my gifted students to read the article for the grade level above!

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This website focuses on teaching content-related academic vocabulary. They have lessons for math, science, social studies and language arts. Word Generation has resources for all elementary ages and middle school ages. Word Generation has articles, discussion opportunities, debate opportunities and weekly writing prompts to engage students with the academic vocabulary they are learning, while promoting vocabulary and comprehension.

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CommonLit is a free educational website that has over 2,000 reading passages. CommonLit is used for grades 3-12. Every passage comes with questions and activities to promote critical thinking, comprehension, writing, reading and problem-solving skills as well! CommonLit has Spanish resources as well.

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This website has free non-fiction texts for students. All of the texts have accompanying activities. This website also has a search engine so students can find articles for a certain subject or topic. They have articles on subjects like, science, social studies, arts, music, history and culture. This website not only promotes comprehension, academic and content related vocabulary, but also how to extract key information.