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On July 29, 1914, Franz Ferdinand and his wife were on their way to the train station to get back home. On the way, there was an small explosion ahead of them, so the driver had to go a different way to get to their destination. Unfortunately, a 19 year old college student, Gavrilo Princip, assassinated both of them. He was part of a group called the Black Hand. The Emperor of Austria-Hungary issues the 3 harsh demands, 2 of which the Serbs agreed to, causing A-H to declare war against Serbia, eventually sparking WW1 due to secret treaties.

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From the Crimean War & Russo-Japanese Wars, Russia suffered heavy losses of soldiers, ships, money and international prestige in the war, which it ultimately lost. It also further weakened the ruler, Czar Nicholas II's. Furthermore, the February Revolution began on March 8, 1917. Demonstrators took to the streets of Petrograd, supported by huge crowds of striking industrial workers, the protesters clashed with police but refused to leave the streets. In some encounters, the regiments opened fire, but the protesters kept to the streets and the troops began to waver. Czar Nicholas later abdicated the throne after a few days, officially ending the Russian Romanov rule.

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In the late 1920s, there was a decline in spending in the U.S. Leading to a decline in production. This decline was transmitted to the rest of the world largely through the gold standard. Stock prices have been increased dramatically. The Federal Reserve raised interest rates between 1928 & 1929 in hope to slow down the rising stock prices. However, by the fall of 1929, U.S. stock prices had reached levels that could not be justified by reasonable anticipations of future earnings. These events led to the spark of the Great Depression

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On November 26, 1941 a Japanese fleet sailed to a point some 275 miles north of Hawaii, launching around 360 planes in that area. The first dive-bomber appeared over Pearl Harbor at 7:55 AM and was followed by waves of torpedo planes, bombers, and fighters. The base was unable to mount an effective defense, due to a high amount of unmanned vessels. As of a result, a bunch of the USS ships either sank or destroyed, more than 180 aircraft were destroyed; and numerous vessels were damaged. In addition, more than 2,300 military personnel were killed. On Dec. 8, 1941, Congress declared war on Japan.

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During WW2, Japan hoped to defeat the US Pacific Fleet and use Midway as a base to attack Pearl Harbor, securing dominance in the region and then forcing a negotiated peace. On June 4, aircraft from four Japanese aircraft carriers attacked and severely damaged the US base. The Japanese were not aware that the US carrier forces were just to the east of the island and ready for battle. After their initial attacks, the Japanese aircraft headed back to their carriers to rearm and refuel. Over the next two days, the US troops continued their attacks, forcing the Japanese to abandon and retreat. The result was that the Japanese lost approximately 3,057 men, four carriers, one cruiser, and hundreds of aircraft, while the United States lost approximately 362 men, one carrier, one destroyer, and 144 aircraft. This U.S victory stopped the growth of Japan in the Pacific.

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Because of the atomic bombs that U.S launch to Hiroshima and Nagasaki, the Japanese government issued a statement accepting the terms of the Potsdam Declaration. In a radio address in the early afternoon of August 15, Emperor Hirohito urged his people to accept the surrender, blaming the use of the Little Boy bombs on Hiroshima and Nagasaki for the country’s defeat." On August 14, President Harry S. Truman announced news of Japan’s surrender in a press conference at the White House.