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Fifty Strategies for Teaching English Language Learners

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Bilingual books must be incorporated into the classroom to create a positive transfer from first to second languages. This validates students when they see their home language in the classroom, and it also helps students use their L1 to understand the books. The presence of bilingual books in the classroom grants students the opportunity to use them in a read-aloud or with independent reading to expand upon their literacy skills. Additionally, teachers should take the time during these read-alouds to highlight the differences between the languages so that students can see their differences and similarities.

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Fifty Strategies for Teaching English Language Learners

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Graphic organizers are great to utilize within the classroom to create a positive transfer between first and second languages because they are visual representations of connections to texts. Additionally, they help ELLs by organizing vocabulary in a way that is easily understood and digestible to them. In all, a graphic organizer is a great way for ELLs to make sense of the texts, make more connections, and help with language acquisition.

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Building Cross-Cultural Connections in Two Languages 

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Implementing movement in instruction is a great way to create a positive transfer between first and second languages in teaching literacy. This is because when a lesson includes movement, it will increase the comprehension of students while also aiding in releasing any pent-up energy the students might have. The video highlights how the teachers would place common verbs on the floor, and the students had to act out specific actions, which is an excellent example of this strategy. This is because it connects language with meaning and action. When students move during their instruction, it utilizes their cognitive and physical abilities, making it easier to transfer their L1 into their L2.

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Cross-Language Connections in the Classroom 

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Cognates are words in different languages with similar origins that typically mean the same thing. For instance, the picture above fruit in English and fruta in Spanish are cognates. When teaching literacy, studying cognates is critical for creating a positive transfer between first and second languages because it helps to develop our vocabulary by utilizing our prior knowledge. Not only does this support vocabulary development, but it also aids in reading comprehension and can even help with pronunciation. In all, cognates serve as the bridge between languages and allow for metalinguistic awareness.

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Fifty Strategies for Teaching English Language Learners

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Aiding students in reading is a great way to help promote transfer from first to second language. An interactive read-aloud is when we read books aloud utilizing varied facial expressions, different voices, etc. while encouraging student participation and checking for understanding. It serves as a model of the language, and the use of expressions aids in student's comprehension. Shared reading is another helpful technique when teachers read complicated texts that students would struggle to read independently. These varied reading techniques help with reading comprehension and vocabulary development, which can benefit any grade level and with the transfer of first to second language.