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People living in different cultures have different habits, values, and ways of expression. These differences are cultural differences that cause problems when people communicate.

1. Body movements

2. Space

3. Time

4. Religion

5. Social values

6. Frankness

7. Language

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Head movements

USA: An Up and down movement of the head means "yes" and "no" for side to side movement of the head.

Bulgaria: When saying "yes," a side to side movement is gestured, and for an up and down head movement, it means "yes."

Smile

Philippine culture: A smile is seen as a positive sign.

African culture: It is viewed as a sign of weakness.

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North Americans: a distance of at least two feet is maintained while talking as a "right" space for speaking.

Arabians: While having a conversation, proximity is kept. Space is viewed as "improper."

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Europeans: maintain time efficiently because time is viewed in a more relaxed way for them.

Arabians: being late from the agreed time shows that they are busy.

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Religion is an important socio-cultural factor and guides way of living and future thinking. It affects consumption, business, and attitude.

For example Trading of liquor is restricted in Muslim countries but open to the western world. Moreover “Interest” on loan is prohibited in Islamic banking but very common in Commercial Banking.

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Class status

In many cultures, questions on occupation, income, and job title are asked without hesitation. But cultures that support human equality avoid such questions. In Bangladesh, people feel free to talk about status, but English man hesitates to speak about it.

Roleplay

The role of women varies widely by culture. In Thai and American culture, women play a major role in business. Whereas, in many Arab countries, women still do not play an important role in business.

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First World countries are more frank and open than Third World countries. Americans and Germans are franker than Asians concerning relationships. They openly share all relevant information during communication. In contrast, Asians deal with limited information and remain an introvert.

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Lack of alternated words, e.g Supermarket has no alternate in some languages. The French have no word to distinguish between house and home, man and gentlemen, and mind and brain. The Spanish have no word to distinguish between a chairman and a president.

Words may have a different meaning in different cultures, e.g Chinese and Japanese use the word “Yes” to mean ‘I am listening’. But American and British use “Yes” to mean ‘Right.

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For effective communication with other cultures

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For effective communication with other cultures

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The various ways in which cultural differences in communication manifest in the workplace can be assessed using a variety of techniques. The method developed by Geert Hofstede, a Dutch psychologist, identifies cultural characteristics which generate these differences. Based on Hofstede's extended framework, examples of culture-based dissimilarities in communication include:

Power distance

This refers to how people with relatively less power in a social group accept the unequal distribution of power. For example, a person who believes in more power distance accepts an unequal power structure in the communication process. In contrast, one who values less power distance does not do so. The latter individual is likely to challenge authoritarian communicators and prefer being an equal contributor when exchanging information.

Individual-focused vs. group-focused

Masculinity versus femininity: According to Hofstede, cultures that prefer assertiveness, heroism, material reward, and achievement are more masculine, while those that prefer modesty, cooperation, quality of life, and caring for the weak are more feminine. However, while the cultural differences can be used to differentiate communicators effectively, assigning them to fit inaccurate gender stereotypes is unnecessary. These differences include the following:

Assertiveness versus modesty

Heroism versus cooperation

Material reward versus quality of life

Achievement versus caring for the weak

Individualism versus collectivism: This differentiates cultures based on whether people prefer to work for themselves or work with others. Therefore, it closely resembles the differences articulated in the masculinity versus femininity dimension. Subsequently, it makes sense to treat Hofstede's masculinity versus femininity and individualism versus collectivism ideas in an individual-focused versus group-focused dimension.

In the context of communication, a person from a more individual-focused culture would prefer using their communication skills to gain short-term, personal rewards while someone from a more group-focused culture would opt for utilizing their power of communication to gain long-term benefits for their team. Additionally, the latter individual would be an effective team player while the former would lack teamwork skills.
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Uncertainty avoidance

This refers to the ability of societies to comfortably navigate uncertainty. As the communication process is fraught with ambiguity in the initial stage when everything is usually unresolved, a communicator with more uncertainty avoidance would be less effective in navigating concerns and sharing information than one with less uncertainty avoidance.

Long-term orientation versus short-term orientation

This dimension refers to whether people value short-term or long-term goals and achievements. For example, a communicator with a long-term orientation would prefer gaining value with their communication in the future. In contrast, someone who is orientated to the short-term would opt for achieving immediate gains through their communication.

Indulgence versus self-restraint

A culture's capabilities in relation to controlling desires or indulging them are explored through this dimension. For example, an individual from a culture that prefers indulgence, which relates to a social group in which the majority of individuals prefer indulgence over self-restraint, is likely to be an ineffective communicator. This is because an effective communicator can listen to others, empathize with them, and act with discipline. In contrast, someone who has inherited a cultural belief in behaving with self-restraint and the ability to do so is more likely to become a successful communicator.
Learn more: How to Negotiate Your Salary

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A Guide for Cultural Differences in Communication - Glassdoor Career Guides

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The various ways in which cultural differences in communication manifest in the workplace can be assessed using a variety of techniques. The method developed by Geert Hofstede, a Dutch psychologist, identifies cultural characteristics which generate these differences.

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Tips on how to deal with cultural differences

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Tips on how to deal with cultural differences

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Going on a volunteer trip often means traveling to a new culture. Every culture is unique, and even if you've traveled abroad before, you're likely going to run into some sticky situations. How do you respond?

How to Engage Different Cultures:

1. Keep an Open Mind. The ability to keep opinions flexible and receptive to new stimuli is important to intercultural adjustment. Even if you don't understand why people do a particular thing, be careful not to jump to conclusions.

2. Learn to Cope with Failure.Learning to tolerate failure is critical because everyone fails at something overseas!

3. Be Flexible. The ability to respond to or tolerate the ambiguity of new situations is very important to intercultural success. Keeping options open and judgmental behavior to a minimum helps you adapt well.

4. Maintain a Healthy Curiosity. Curiosity is the demonstrated desire to know about other people, places, ideas, etc. This personality trait is important for intercultural travelers because they need to learn many things in order to adapt to their new environment.

5. Hold Positive and Realistic Expectations. There are strong correlations between positive expectations for an intercultural experience and successful adjustment overseas. Being realistic in what to expect will help you feel prepared for any situation.

6. Be Tolerant of Differences. A sympathetic understanding of beliefs or practices different from your own is key to successful intercultural adjustment.

7. Regard Others Positively. The ability to express warmth, empathy, respect, and positive regard for other persons is an important component of effective intercultural relations. Try to think of things you really enjoy or like about their culture and embrace differences.

8. Be Good Guests. As a guest in someone's home, you would never remark about the "dirty" kitchen, the "terrible" food, or the "crazy" seating arragnement. As a traveler you are, in a broad sense, going into someone's "home." Show respect.

9. Have a Sense of Humor. A sense of humor is important because in another culture so many things can lead to intense emotions. Sadness, anger, annoyance, embarrassment and discouragement are all common. The ability to laugh in spite of the circumstances will help guard against despair.

10. Have Fun. It's okay to acknowledge cultural differences - don't take them too seriously and don't hold an "I'm right/You're wrong" attitude. Relax, have fun, and enjoy your new friends.

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Going on a volunteer trip often means traveling to a new culture. Every culture is unique, and even if you've traveled abroad before, you're likely going to run into some sticky situations. How do you respond? 1. Keep an Open Mind. The ability to keep opinions flexible and receptive to new stimuli is important to intercultural adjustment.

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Cultural Differences Advantages and Disadvantages to Communication

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Cultural Differences Advantages and Disadvantages to Communication

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Cultural differences is one of the factors that make communication process difficult. It causes behavioral and personality differences, such as manners, body language and norms, which serves as a barriers that causes miscommunications. Nevertheless, it made communication process more productive and increases understanding which then improve relationship. Despite the barriers, especially in language, it made communication more broad and inclusive.

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"Cultural differences are the variations in the way of life, beliefs, traditions, and laws between different countries, religions, societies, and people."

Reference:Blurtit. https://society-politics.blurtit.com/32767/what-are-cultural-differences

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Cultural disparities in communication refer to the differences in how communicators exchange information with one another that are induced by cultural differences.