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For the first discussion question, climate change is more of an immediate threat to people depending on location. Coastal areas will be the first to be affected by rising sea levels but it will have a much smaller impact on places with higher elevations. I agree that the atmosphere isn't excludable but it is rivalrous. There definitely needs to be action taken at the federal level to combat climate change and pollution.

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Personally, I don't think the parks should be made more excludable since their purpose is to be a public or common good where anyone can experience nature. Also taking away farmland seems risky due to our growing population so that solution doesn't seem ideal. That leaves more funding for parks which I think is the best solution because it maintains the non-excludability with little downside other than a possible increase in taxes.
-otto

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The solutions for this problem are really interesting. You have to make it less accessible for people but at same time you want as many people as possible. There can be an argument made that smaller parks are more rivalrous because people tend to overcrowd free parks. Im not sure how adding more land to public parks would fix some of the problems. Because I feel like it would just get more expensive to maintain. -Sherzod

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I thought it was interesting that parks can change whether they are rivalrous or nonrivalrous and excludable or nonexcludable based on how big they are. I thought they had some good solutions but the best solution in my opinion was giving parks more funding. A lot of parks are in need of more funding to fix and upkeep the parks. It is a better solution to upkeep the current park rather than make new ones and destroying more ecosystems. With this solution though, it is a question of where this money will come from.

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I loved your slides! I think you make a good point that it is rivalrous since the more students there are the harder it is for them to get the attention of teachers and get the help that they need. I think that the government should not be involved in funding schools since it might allow for favoritism of some districts over others. I wonder why Ithaca has such a low base salary for teachers :(
- Arina !

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I like that the public education presenters included the effects of the pandemic. This played a big effect on schooling and often times made disadvantaged school districts more disadvantaged because of the additional costs needed to learn in a pandemic. I would also like to add that I don't think public education is not rivalrous because the success of one school doesn't affect the success of another school and the amount of students attending doesn't limit other students from getting an education. -Emily

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I don't necessarily think public schools are rivalrous because if someone attends school, it doesn't prevent other prospective students from attending. Schools are location-based, so they wouldn't need to sustain infinite amounts of people. I think education is a public good (however there also public schools vs. private schools). - Lazim--look at my cat

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Individuals can start by noticing what they are doing on a daily basis and if it is harming the environment in any way, no matter how small, work to fix that. If everyone consciously works to clean up their daily actions, it can make a big difference. The government should definitely be working to introduce mandates in order to make people conscious of their behaviors. There should also be more money and effort put into ideas proposed to combat greenhouse gas emissions.

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I think it was interesting to hear/read about the different opinions regarding whether public education should be considered a public good (not excludable or rivalrous) or a common good (rivalrous but not excludable). I could definitely argue both ways—while public school is in theory available for everyone, it is different when we talk about the differences in education quality—then I think it gets more rivalrous. I still think that in general, public education was created to be... well... a public good :-) - ella

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Regarding the 2nd climate change question, I think that the government should take more action than individuals on their own. Individuals can only make so much change by themselves, and like referenced in the slides, people may not want these large lifestyles changes, and definitely would not implement these changes themselves. The government can regulate big businesses who cause the most harm to the environment-or at least more than any individual does. I think it would be more effective and it is a responsibility for the government to step in. -Caroline Whelan

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I found this very interesting as I just assumed it was as simple as big company’s were catching to many fish, I learned about the subsidizing of fishing to more wealthy countries, leading to less fish for those who are only catching a few fish with the goal of feeding a small group. This is an example of Tragedy of the Commons as individuals fisherman who only care about profits are screwing over everyone else. I like to solution of having quotas, as this will make a limit to the number of fish caught. This will hurt the large fishermen as it decreases there income, but this makes it fair for everyone else. Overall a good solution in my opinion. - Declan Poles

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Econ - Fishing - Luke St. Pierre-Nguyen 

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Econ - Fishing - Luke St. Pierre-Nguyen 

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I enjoyed your summation of the problem and particularly how it affects different cultures within the US and particularly around the world who consume fish as a main part of their diet and need it to survive. I would definitely like to learn more about industries that could arise as a result of increased restrictions on wild fishing such as fish farms. The other solutions presented are decent but could have some issues with enforcement.

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Although I agree that public education is excludable, I believe that it is NOT rivalrous. Even if they are a limited amount of resources in a school, the presence of one student at a public school doesn't block another student from attending. A public school can't sustain an infinite amount of people but the capacity at a school would relate to the population of students in the region. -Philan Tran