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Europe is the second-smallest continent. However, its strategic position in relation to Asia and Africa, as well as navigable rivers and fertile soil, have made Europe a dominant economic, social, and cultural force throughout recorded history.

Europe’s physical geography, environment and resources, and human geography can be considered separately.

Europe’s rich agricultural and industrial diversity has made the continent a center of trade and commerce for centuries. It is centrally located between the two other “Old World” continents, Africa and Asia. This tradition of exchange prompted the early and rapid urbanization of the continent, recognizable in many dynamic cities that make up most of Europe.

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Regionalism itself means the existence of a new political entity from several countries that come together to form a political entity, subnational region, culture, and socio-economics within a region (Tomaney, 2017). The cooperation carried out is expected to be able to achieve a peaceful community and be able to improve the welfare of its members in a certain area. The existence of regionalism in international relations is certainly able to achieve the wishes of countries that are incorporated into a new political identity that has the same goal. At first, regionalism occurred as a result of world wars. Many countries viewed that at that time the issue of security was very important. However, during the cold war, many regional blocks were lost, giving birth to a new concept of regionalism. One form of organization that symbolizes the emergence of a new regionalism is the European Union. The form of regionalism adopted by Europe is a new regionalism that is concerned with eliminating regional inequalities by uniting the periphery into a national economy (Tomaney, 2017).

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The EU was created by the Maasthrict Treaty, which entered into force on November 1, 1993. The treaty was designed to enchance European political and economic integration by creating a single currency (the euro), a unified foreign and security policy, and common citizenship rights and by advancing cooperation in the areas of immigration, asylum, and judicial affairs. The EU was awarded the Nobel Prize for Peace in 2012, in recognition of the organization’s efforts to promote peace and democracy in Europe

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Tomaney, J. (2017). Regionalism. International Encyclopedia of Geography: People, the Earth, Environment and Technology, 1–3.