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Herpes is from the Greek word "herpien" which means "to creep".  It refers to the way the virus creeps along the neural pathway to the skin surface after lying dormant in certain ganglia. Herpes is spread by skin to skin contact with an infected person via a break in the skin or mucus membrane. The disease can be spread by a person who has it even if they are asymptomatic or have no "outbreaks". Symptoms include painful fluid filled blisters often in clusters, itching, fever, sore throat, muscle aches, swollen lymph nodes and headache. Prevention includes safe sex practice by use of condoms and limiting number of sexual partners. There is no cure for herpes but treatment to limit length and severity of outbreaks exists in the form of oral antiviral medications and topical creams.

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This is a diagram of the herpes virus. HSV stands for Herpes simplex virus. 2 types are type HSV-1 and HSV-2.

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This illustration shows some of the symptoms associated with herpes infection. Some infections can mirror cold or flu like symptoms.

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Herpes can infect many other areas of the body. This diagram lists the named infection regions and types of herpes simplex virus it can infect.

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A view of the trigeminal nerve ganglia in which herpes simplex 1 virus infects and lies dormant until it emerges and travels down the nerve to infect skin cells

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HSV-1 infection typically causes blisters in or around the mouth. It is usually the main cause of oral herpes although; HSV-2 can also cause oral herpes.

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The HSV-2 virus typically infects the genital areas. This shows a picture of the lesions caused when the virus is activated on the skin.

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Long term effects are reoccuring outbreaks for life.  Increased risks of of other diseases. Transmission risk to others. No cure.

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A view of the ganglia in which HSV-2 infects and remains dormant until it travels down the nerve pathway to the skin for genital area infection.

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Herpes is non curable. Treatment includes antiviral tablets such as Acyclovir that inhibits replication of the virus and topical creams such as Abreva.

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Birth acquired herpes can appear in the first few weeks or be present at birth. it can cause blindness or encephalitis that can lead to brain damage.