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Anti-trafficking education is required by federal law for all HCPs: Stop, Observe, Ask, and Respond (SOAR) program (American Hospital Association, 2021).

There is not mandatory reporting for suspected human trafficking victims over the age of 18 (American Hospital Association, 2021).

Suspected or confirmed human trafficking of a person below the age of 18 legally requires reporting to Child Protective Services in all states (Michigan State Medical Society, 2019)

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For providers with a suspected victim:

Polaris Project

Vera Institute

National Human Trafficking hotline (888-373-7888)

For victims:

US Department of Health and Human Services Rescue and Restore Campaign

Sexual Assault Nurse Examiner

Law enforcement

Safe house (HAVEN)

Human trafficking clinic (University of Michigan Law School)

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Signs of a human trafficking victim:

Neglected appearance

Signs of physical abuse

Withdrawn/submissive

Anxiety/depression/suicidal ideation

Inconsistent or vague injury explanations

Not in control of own documents/money (Morris, 2023).

STDs

Malnourished/dehydrated

Unexplained injuries

Multiple old injuries/bruises at various healing stages

Broken bones

Prolonged infections

Multiple scars (Morris, 2023).

Trauma-informed care: patient-centered approach HCPs need to use to reduce the risk of retraumatization (Morris, 2023).

Be aware of the effects of trauma

Promote patient safety

Build trust

Be transparent

Empower the victim

Promote freedom of choice (Morris, 2023).

Human trafficking screening: Adult Human Trafficking Screening Tool (AHTST).

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All hospitals should take three steps to prevent human trafficking:

1. educate all staff on the indicators

2. create a human trafficking response program

3. keep an eye on quality improvement (American Hospital Association, 2021).

All HCPs should be educated on how to provide trauma informed care (Polaris Project, 2023).

Call the National Human Trafficking Hotline for resources and safety plan for a suspected or confirmed victim (Franciscan Health, 2020).

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Human trafficking is the modern form of slavery.

It is the fastest growing criminal enterprise that impacts almost every country in the world (International Association of Forensic Nurses, 2018).

Includes the exploitation of individuals using force, fraud, coercion, or deception (International Association of Forensic Nurses, 2018).

Involves transporting migrants in exchange for money, forced labor or marriage, sex trafficking, kidnapping and seeking children, or recruiting children as soldiers.

Approximately 27 million people are trafficked globally and 15,000-20,000 people are trafficked from the United States each year (Cole, 2009, p.463).

Approximately 80% of victims seek medical care within their first year of being trafficked (International Council of Nurses, 2020).

The health care provider's (HCP) role: identify victims and provide them with immediate treatment and referral to the needed services to promote healing (International Association of Forensic Nurses, 2018).

The forensic nurse's role: ensure human trafficking victims receive a comprehensive medical forensic examination to look for any evidence (International Association of Forensic Nurses, 2018).

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The goal of this poster is to provide educational information to health care providers who may be providing care to human trafficking victims.
After viewing this poster, participants will be able to:

Define what human trafficking is

Verbalize the signs of a human trafficking victim

Discuss how health care professionals can provide trauma informed care to human trafficking victims

List resources health care professionals can use to help human trafficking victims

Discuss mandatory reporting laws for human trafficking