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Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka, 347 U.S. 483, was a landmark decision of the U.S. Supreme Court in which the Court ruled that U.S. state laws establishing racial segregation in public schools are unconstitutional, even if the segregated schools are otherwise equal in quality

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Jack Roosevelt Robinson was an American professional baseball player who became the first African American to play in Major League Baseball in the modern era. Robinson broke the baseball color line when he started at first base for the Brooklyn Dodgers on April 15, 1947.

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It outlawed the discriminatory voting practices adopted in many southern states after the Civil War, including literacy tests as a prerequisite to voting. This “act to enforce the fifteenth amendment to the Constitution” was signed into law 95 years after the amendment was ratified.

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James Howard Meredith is an American civil rights movement figure, writer, political adviser, and Air Force veteran.

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The Little Rock Nine was a group of nine African American students enrolled in Little Rock Central High School in 1957

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During racial integration efforts in schools during the 1960's, “de facto segregation” was a term used to describe a situation in which legislation did not overtly segregate students by race, but nevertheless school segregation continued.

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The National Advisory Commission on Civil Disorders, known as the Kerner Commission after its chair, Governor Otto Kerner Jr. of Illinois, was an 11-member Presidential Commission established by President

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Freedom Summer, also known as the Freedom Summer Project or the Mississippi Summer Project, was a volunteer campaign in the United States launched in June 1964 to attempt to register as many African-American voters as possible in Mississippi.

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The SNCC, or Student Non-Violent Coordinating Committee, was a civil-rights group formed to give younger Black people more of a voice in the civil rights movement. The SNCC soon became one of the movement's more radical branches

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The March on Washington for Jobs and Freedom, also known as the March on Washington or The Great March on Washington, was held in Washington, D.C. on Wednesday, August 28, 1963. The purpose of the march was to advocate for the civil and economic rights of African Americans.

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Thurgood Marshall was an American lawyer and civil rights activist who served as Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States from October 1967 until October 1991. Marshall was the Court's first African-American justice.

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The Black Power Movement of the 1960s and 1970s was a political and social movement whose advocates believed in racial pride, self-sufficiency, and equality for all people of Black and African descent.

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Fannie Lou Hamer was an American voting and women's rights activist, community organizer, and a leader in the civil rights movement.

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attend a meeting or discussion without taking an active part in it.

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The Montgomery bus boycott was a political and a social protest campaign against the policy of racial segregation on the public transit system of Montgomery, Alabama. It was a seminal event in the civil rights movement in the United States

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In U.S. law, particularly after Brown v. Board of Education (1954), the difference between de facto segregation

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The Black Panther Party, originally the Black Panther Party for Self-Defense,

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the central or most important part of something.

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Malcolm X was an African American Muslim minister and human rights activist who was a popular figure during the civil rights movement.

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Medgar Wiley Evers was an American civil rights activist in Mississippi, the state's field secretary for the NAACP

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American politician and jurist who served as Governor of California from 1943 to 1953 and Chief Justice of the United States from 1953 to 1969.

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The Twenty-fourth Amendment of the United States Constitution prohibits both Congress and the states from conditioning the right to vote in federal elections on payment of a poll tax or other types of tax.

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In 1964, Congress passed Public Law 88-352 (78 Stat. 241). The Civil Rights Act of 1964 prohibits discrimination on the basis of race, color, religion, sex or national origin

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President Eisenhower sent Congress a proposal for civil rights legislation

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American activist in the civil rights movement best known for her pivotal role in the Montgomery bus boycott.

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National Association for the Advancement of Colored People is a civil rights organization in the United States

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civil rights activists who rode interstate buses into the segregated Southern United States

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Southern Christian Leadership Conference is an African-American civil rights organization.

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a public speech that was delivered by American civil rights activist Martin Luther King Jr.

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Martin Luther King Jr. was an African American, Baptist minister, and activist who became the most visible spokesperson