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In June 2015, the Supreme Court declared that gay marriage was legal in all 50 states. Obergefell was a gay man who had been denied marriage. The supreme court decided, on a 5 to 4 decision, that not allowing gays to marry was infringing on their 14th amendment rights, and all states must allow gay marriage. This demonstrates dynamism because the constitution was open to change based in the Supreme Court's decision.

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This Amendment, proposed several times over the years and still not passed, would ban the burning or desecration of the American Flag. It wasn't passed because it is said to go against the first amendment, and infringes on the right to free speech. The US Supreme Court declared this proposed amendment unconstitutional, calling it "symbolic speech" and is within the first amendment rights. This represents constitutional stability because the Supreme Court ensured that the right to free speech wasn't infringed upon.

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Federalism: Death Penalty Abolition Amendment

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Federalism: Death Penalty Abolition Amendment

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This amendment would have ensured that the Death Penalty was abolished in all States or Territories of the U.S. It was argued that the Death Penalty was unconstitutional as it pertains to the 8th amendment(no cruel and unusual punishment). However, this amendment has not been passed as it would have prohibited all states to give death sentences. Federalism is the principle here because this amendment would force all states to comply to it, and not passing this ensures government stability because passing it would make a great change in which punishments and sentences would be allowed.

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Limited Government: The Corwin Amendment

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Limited Government: The Corwin Amendment

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This amendment would prevent Congress from passing a law that would prohibit slavery in any state. It was created to ensure that certain slave-owning states, namely in the south, wouldn't break away. This would be an example of Limited Government because, if Congress passed a law like that which would prohibit anyone making laws against slavery, it would create a major outcry of the northern states, who wouldn't be able to prevent slavery anymore. It's an example of constitutional stability because it was not passed for the reason of it being a great overstepping of  government powers.

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Popular Sovereignty: D.C voting rights Amendment

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Popular Sovereignty: D.C voting rights Amendment

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The District of Columbia, which is not a state, doesn't have full representation like a state would. This amendment would have given people living in this state full representation, and would repeal the 23rd amendment (which says that the people living there can vote, but they still don't have the full rights as a state would). This amendment was shot down because Washington D.C is not a state, and it wouldn't be entirely constitutional to give D.C these rights. This shows Constitutional Stability because it ensured major changes weren't made and kept the government stable, while still guaranteeing residents of D.C some representation.

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Separation of Powers/ Checks and Balances: Nixon's Universal Child Care veto (1971)

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Separation of Powers/ Checks and Balances: Nixon's Universal Child Care veto (1971)

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President Nixon vetoed the Universal Childcare Act, which would have provided daily childcare and daycare for all children nationwide. This act would cost billions of dollars, and Nixon thought it went against the principles of raising children as a family and instead promoted children being raised by a community. This represents Checks and Balances on Constitutional Stability because Richard Nixon used his power as President to veto laws made by congress.

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On this side of the board I will examine how the Constitution has created a government that remains stable by preventing changes from occurring too quickly.

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Separation of Powers/checks and balances:US vs Alvarez 

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Separation of Powers/checks and balances:US vs Alvarez 

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First, Congress passed the Stolen Valor Act of 2005, which punished people who lied about having received military awards. In 2012, the Supreme Court ruled that this was unconstitutional in US vs Alvarez, a case in which Xavier Alvarez was convicted for saying he had been in the Marines for 25 years when he had not. The Supreme Court ruled that the Stolen Valor act was unconstitutional because it infringed on the right to free speech. This case is an example of dynamic checks and balances because the Supreme Court could overrule a law made by congress.

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The 13th Amendment officially abolished slavery in all 50 states, which means  even the slave-owning states in the south had to comply to this. The 13th amendment didn't fully  guarantee rights for freed slaves, however, and the southern states continued to find loopholes to prevent African Americans from having full freedom. Many other laws and even some other amendments were passed to guarantee their rights. This is an example of constitutional dynamism because it shows a major change for the slaves nationwide, and was a turning point in our government.

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Before 1920, women couldn't vote. The women's suffrage movement began in the mid to late 1800's, and included women protesting in front of the white house to get voting rights. Woodrow Wilson, the president at that time, didn't initially support the Amendment, but ended up supporting it and it was soon passed in all 50 states. This women's rights amendment kept our government dynamic and open to change by expanding voting rights and let both genders  vote.

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After FDR served three terms, this amendment was created to insure that a president couldn't serve more than 2 terms. Ratified in 1947, this amendment states that "no person shall be elected to the office of the President more than twice." The 22nd Amendment keeps our government open to change and is an example because it ensured a president wouldn't become too powerful and serve too many terms.

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On this side, I will show examples of legal events in American history when the Constitution or understanding of it has changed.