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The Viet Cong (also known as the National Liberation Front, or NLF), a South Vietnamese communist common front aided by the North, fought a guerrilla war against anti-communist forces in the region, while the People's Army of Vietnam, also known as the North Vietnamese Army (NVA), engaged in more conventional warfare, at times committing large units to battle. As the war continued, the military actions of the Viet Cong decreased as the role and engagement of the NVA grew. South Vietnamese and U.S. forces relied on air superiority and overwhelming firepower to conduct search and destroy operations, involving ground forces, artillery, and airstrikes. In the course of the war, the U.S. conducted a large-scale strategic bombing campaign against North Vietnam.

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On 7 April, three North Vietnamese divisions attacked Xuân Lộc, 40 miles (64 km) east of Saigon. The North Vietnamese met fierce resistance at Xuân Lộc from the ARVN 18th Division, who were outnumbered six to one.

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France began its conquest of Indochina in the late 1850s, and completed pacification by 1893.[64][65][66] The 1884 Treaty of Huế formed the basis for French colonial rule in Vietnam for the next seven decades.

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In the end, America leaders decided they have to get out of Vietnam

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South Vietnam failed to defeat the communist guerrillas and their North Vietnamese Allies

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Like the french in vietnam, the americans faced a guerrilla war.

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After, north vietnam wins the war, vietnam became a communist country.

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The North Vietnamese government and the Viet Cong were fighting to reunify Vietnam. They viewed the conflict as a colonial and a continuation of the First Indochina War against forces from France and later on the U.S. The U.S. government viewed its involvement in the war as a way to prevent a Communist takeover of South Vietnam. This was part of a wider containment policy, with the stated aim of stopping the spread of communism

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Ho Chi Minh was a nationalist and communist and fought against the french. Got a city named after him.

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Vietnam had a civil war going on and America came to aid the Vietnamese allies.