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Element: a pure substance that cannot be separated into simpler substances by chemical or physical methods

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Pure Substance: a material in which all of the basic particles are identical

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Basic particles of an element are atoms

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Characteristic physical properties of an element are hardness, melting point, and density.

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Major Categories of Elements: Metals, Nonmetals, and Metalloids

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Compound: a pure substance composed of two or more elements that are chemically combined.

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In chemical reactions, two or more elements combine to form a compound

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Physical properties of compounds: melting point, boiling point, density, and color.

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Every compound has a unique set of properties

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Properties of a compound depend on which elements combine.

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Mixture: a combination of two or more substances that are not chemically combined.

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Components of a mixture can be easily separated because they aren't changed.

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Ways to separate mixtures: Distillation, magnet, and centrifuge.

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Mixtures don't have fixed ratios of components.

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Solvent and solutes are two parts of a solution.