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Impact of Human Energy Treatment on YE Powder  |
The objective of this study is to evaluate the impact of unique human energy treatment on the characteristics of yeast extract powder. Read more by following the given link.

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FT-IR Spectroscopic Characterization - YE PowderIn the FT-IR spectroscopic characterization, the result indicates the impact of biofield energy treatment probably on the functional group of the treated sample.

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FT-IR Spectroscopic Characterization - YE PowderIn the FT-IR spectroscopic characterization, the result indicates the impact of biofield energy treatment probably on the functional group of the treated sample.

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Physicochemical and Spectroscopic Characterization of Yeast Extract Powder After the Biofield Energy Treatment

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Yeast extract powder (YE powder) is particularly used in culture media for the cultivation of microorganisms found in milk or other dairy products. The present study was intended to explore the influence of biofield energy treatment on the physicochemical and spectral properties of YE powder.

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TGA/DTA Analysis of YE PowderBased on the TGA/DTA analysis of YE Powder, it is concluded that the biofield treated YE powder is more thermally stable than the control sample.

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TGA/DTA Analysis of YE PowderBased on the TGA/DTA analysis of YE Powder, it is concluded that the biofield treated YE powder is more thermally stable than the control sample.

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Alteration in Properties of Yeast Extract PowderAfter the influence of the human energy treatment, the result shows the alteration in the treated sample of YE powder as compare to the untreated sample. 

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Alteration in Properties of Yeast Extract PowderAfter the influence of the human energy treatment, the result shows the alteration in the treated sample of YE powder as compare to the untreated sample. 

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Physicochemical and Spectroscopic Characterization of Yeast Extract Powder After the Biofield Energy Treatment | Mahendra Trivedi | Alice Branton | Dahryn Trivedi | Gopal Nayak | Khemraj Bairwa | Academic Room

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Yeast extract powder (YE powder) is particularly used in culture media for the cultivation of microorganisms found in milk or other dairy products. The present study was intended to explore the influence of biofield energy treatment on the physicochemical and spectral properties of YE powder.

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Physicochemical and Spectroscopic Characterization - YE PowderThe research concludes that Mr. Trivedi’s biofield energy treatment had substantial impact on the physicochemical and spectroscopic properties of YE powder. Read more, through the given link.

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Physicochemical and Spectroscopic Characterization - YE PowderThe research concludes that Mr. Trivedi’s biofield energy treatment had substantial impact on the physicochemical and spectroscopic properties of YE powder. Read more, through the given link.

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DSC Study of Yeast Extract PowderThe DSC analysis study of Yeast extract powder shows change in the melting temperature of treated sample as compared to the untreated sample.

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DSC Study of Yeast Extract PowderThe DSC analysis study of Yeast extract powder shows change in the melting temperature of treated sample as compared to the untreated sample.

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"Physicochemical and Spectroscopic Characterization of Yeast Extract Powder After the Biofield Energy Treatment" by Mahendra Kumar Trivedi

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
Yeast extract powder (YE powder) is particularly used in culture media for the cultivation of microorganisms found in milk or other dairy products. The present study was intended to explore the influence of biofield energy treatment on the physicochemical and spectral properties of YE powder.

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Yeast Extract Powder | FT-IR AnalysisAfter the biofield treatment, the FT-IR analysis data of yeast extract powder suggests the alterations in wavenumber of various functional groups. Follow the link, for further details.

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Yeast Extract Powder | FT-IR AnalysisAfter the biofield treatment, the FT-IR analysis data of yeast extract powder suggests the alterations in wavenumber of various functional groups. Follow the link, for further details.

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XRD Analysis of YE PowderIn the research, the XRD analysis indicates the amorphous nature of the sample due to the influence of the human energy treatment. Click on the below given link to know more.

# data[].attributes.subject
XRD Analysis of YE PowderIn the research, the XRD analysis indicates the amorphous nature of the sample due to the influence of the human energy treatment. Click on the below given link to know more.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
Physicochemical and Spectroscopic Characterization of Yeast Extract Powder After the Biofield Energy Treatment

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
Yeast extract powder (YE powder) is particularly used in culture media for the cultivation of microorganisms found in milk or other dairy products. The present study was intended to explore the influence of biofield energy treatment on the

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Surface Area Analysis of Yeast Extract PowderThe surface area analysis of yeast extract powder showed increase in the surface area of the sample treated with biofield energy as compare to the untreated sample. Follow the link to know more. 

# data[].attributes.subject
Surface Area Analysis of Yeast Extract PowderThe surface area analysis of yeast extract powder showed increase in the surface area of the sample treated with biofield energy as compare to the untreated sample. Follow the link to know more. 

# data[].attributes.headline
Biofield Treatment: Yeast Extract PowderThe present study was intended to explore the influence of biofield energy treatment on the physicochemical and spectral properties of YE powder. Visit the link for more details.

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Biofield Treatment: Yeast Extract PowderThe present study was intended to explore the influence of biofield energy treatment on the physicochemical and spectral properties of YE powder. Visit the link for more details.

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The Trivedi Effect | YE PowderRead here, about how unique biofield energy known as the Trivedi effect can affect the physicochemical & spectroscopic characterization of Yeast Extract powder sample. 

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The Trivedi Effect | YE PowderRead here, about how unique biofield energy known as the Trivedi effect can affect the physicochemical & spectroscopic characterization of Yeast Extract powder sample. 

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Physicochemical and Spectroscopic Characterization of Yeast Extract Powder After the Biofield Energy Treatment :: Science Publishing Group

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
Yeast extract powder (YE powder) is particularly used in culture media for the cultivation of microorganisms found in milk or other dairy products. The present study was intended to explore the influence of biofield energy treatment on the physicochemical and spectral properties of YE powder.

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XRD Analysis of Bi2O3The XRD analysis of bismuth oxide powder shows changes in crystallite size of the sample that has been treated with the unique human energy treatment.

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XRD Analysis of Bi2O3The XRD analysis of bismuth oxide powder shows changes in crystallite size of the sample that has been treated with the unique human energy treatment.

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Bismuth Oxide used in Optical CoatingsBismuth oxide (Bi2O3) is known for its application in several industries such as solid oxide fuel cells, optoelectronics, gas sensors and optical coatings. This study was performed to alter its properties to make it more useful for the industries. Read here for the more details. 

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Bismuth Oxide used in Optical CoatingsBismuth oxide (Bi2O3) is known for its application in several industries such as solid oxide fuel cells, optoelectronics, gas sensors and optical coatings. This study was performed to alter its properties to make it more useful for the industries. Read here for the more details. 

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Evaluation of Atomic, Physical, and Thermal Properties of Bismuth Oxide Powder: An Impact of Biofield Energy Treatment

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Bismuth oxide (Bi2O3) is known for its application in several industries such as solid oxide fuel cells, optoelectronics, gas sensors and optical coatings. The present study was designed to evaluate the effect of biofield energy treatment on the atomic, physical, and thermal properties of Bi2O3.

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Bismuth Oxide Powder- FT-IR AnalysisThe Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy shows changes caused by a unique energy treatment technique known as the biofield treatment.

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Bismuth Oxide Powder- FT-IR AnalysisThe Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy shows changes caused by a unique energy treatment technique known as the biofield treatment.

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American Journal of Nano Research and Applications
Published November 09, 2015

Mahendra Kumar Trivedi, Rama Mohan Tallapragada, Alice Branton, Dahryn Trivedi, Gopal Nayak, Omprakash Latiyal, Snehasis Jana. Evaluation of Atomic, Physical, and Thermal Properties of Bismuth Oxide Powder: An Impact of Biofield Energy Treatment. American Journal of Nano Research and Applications. Vol. 3, No. 6, 2015, pp. 94-98. doi: 10.11648/j.nano.20150306.11

Evaluation of Atomic, Physical, and Thermal Properties of Bismuth Oxide Powder: An Impact of Biofield Energy Treatment

Manuscript Link:
http://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.nano.20150306.11.pdf

Mahendra Kumar Trivedi, Rama Mohan Tallapragada, Alice Branton, Dahryn Trivedi, Gopal Nayak, Omprakash Latiyal, Snehasis Jana

DOI: 10.11648/j.nano.20150306.11
Citation
Mahendra Kumar Trivedi, Rama Mohan Tallapragada, Alice Branton, Dahryn Trivedi, Gopal Nayak, Omprakash Latiyal, Snehasis Jana. Evaluation of Atomic, Physical, and Thermal Properties of Bismuth Oxide Powder: An Impact of Biofield Energy Treatment. American Journal of Nano Research and Applications. Vol. 3, No. 6, 2015, pp. 94-98. doi: 10.11648/j.nano.20150306.11
Abstract
Bismuth oxide (Bi ₂O ₃) is known for its application in several industries such as solid oxide fuel cells, optoelectronics, gas sensors and optical coatings. The present study was designed to evaluate the effect of biofield energy treatment on the atomic, physical, and thermal properties of Bi ₂O ₃. The Bi ₂O ₃ powder was equally divided into two parts: control and treated. The treated part was subjected to biofield energy treatment. After that, both control and treated samples were investigated using X-ray diffraction (XRD), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, and electron spin resonance (ESR) spectroscopy. The XRD data exhibited that the biofield treatment has altered the lattice parameter (-0.19%), unit cell volume (-0.58%), density (0.59%), and molecular weight (-0.57%) of the treated sample as compared to the control. The crystallite size was significantly increased by 25% in treated sample as compared to the control. Furthermore, TGA analysis showed that control and treated samples were thermally stable upto tested temperature of 831°C. Besides, the FT-IR analysis did not show any significant change in absorption wavenumber in the treated sample as compared to the control. The ESR study revealed that g-factor was increased by 13.86% in the treated sample as compared to the control. Thus, above data suggested that biofield energy treatment has altered the atomic and physical properties of Bi ₂O ₃. Therefore, the biofield treated Bi ₂O ₃ could be more useful in solid oxide fuel cell industries.

Keywords: Bismuth Oxide, Biofield Energy Treatment, X-ray Diffraction, Differential Scanning Calorimetry, Thermogravimetric Analysis, Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy
1. Introduction
Bismuth oxide (Bi ₂O ₃) is known for its optical and electrical properties such as dielectric permittivity, refractive index, large energy band gap, photoconductivity and photoluminescence [1]. Due to these properties, Bi ₂O 3 play a vital role in the various fields such as optoelectronics, gas sensors and optical coatings. Bi ₂O ₃ has five polymorphs i.e. α- Bi ₂O ₃ (monoclinic), β- Bi ₂O ₃ (tetragonal), γ- Bi ₂O ₃ (BCC), δ- Bi ₂O ₃ (Cubic), and ε- Bi ₂O ₃ (triclinic) [2]. Among these phase, α- Bi ₂O ₃ and δ- Bi ₂O ₃ are the stable phases, while rest other phases are metastable. Furthermore, δ- Bi ₂O ₃ exists in the form of face centered cubic crystal structure [3]. The δ-Bi ₂O ₃ is known for its high conductivity among all other phases, which make it best material in solid oxide fuel cell. Although its application as oxide ion conductor is limited, because it is only stable in the narrow temperature range. Recently, the stability of δ- Bi ₂O ₃is reported to be increased by various kind of dopants such as Er ₂O 3 [4] and Y ₂O ₃ [5] etc. Verkerk et al. reported thaterbia-stabilized bismuth oxides are among the best solid oxide oxygen ion conductors [6]. In numerous research, the stabilization of the δ- Bi ₂O ₃ was enhanced by doping with 20 to 50% lanthanide ions [7-9]. However, all these process are either required costly equipment setup or high temperature devices. Thus, it is important to study an alternative approach i.e. biofield energy treatment, which could modify the Bi ₂O ₃ with respect to its atomic, physical, thermal properties. Recently, the biofield energy treatment has gained significant attention, due to its ability to alter the physical, atomic, and structure properties of metals [10, 11] and ceramics [12, 13]. Furthermore, a human has the capability to harness the energy from the environment/Universe and transmit it to any object around the Globe. The object(s) receive the energy and respond into a useful way that is called biofield energy, and this process is known as biofield energy treatment. Besides, the National Center for Complementary and alternative medicine (NCCAM) has recommended uses of CAM therapies ( e.g. healing therapy) in the healthcare sector [14]. Nevertheless, Mr. Trivedi's unique biofield energy treatment (The Trivedi Effect ®) had altered the atomic, physical and thermal characteristics in several ceramics oxides [15,16]. Thus, after considering the excellent outcomes with biofield energy treatment on ceramics and the industrial applications of Bi ₂O ₃, this work was undertaken to evaluate the effect of this treatment on the atomic, physical and thermal properties of the Bi ₂O ₃ using X-ray diffraction (XRD), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy and electron spin resonance (ESR) spectroscopy.
2. Materials and Methods
The Bi ₂O ₃ powder was procured from Sigma Aldrich, USA. The procured powder was equally divided into two parts and coded as control and treated. The control part was remained the same and the treated part was in sealed pack, handed over to Mr. Trivedi for biofield energy treatment under standard laboratory conditions. Mr. Trivedi provided the treatment through his energy transmission process to the treated sample without touching the sample. After that, the control and treated samples were characterized using XRD, TGA, FT-IR and ESR techniques.
2.1. XRD Study
The XRD analysis of control and treated Bi ₂O ₃ was accomplished on Phillips, Holland PW 1710 X-ray diffractometer system. The X-ray of wavelength 1.54056 ×10⁻¹⁰m was used. From the XRD diffractogram, the peak intensity counts, d value (Å), full width half maximum (FWHM) (θ°), relative intensity (%) values were obtained. The PowderX software was used to compute the lattice parameter and unit cell volume of the control and treated Bi ₂O ₃ samples.The crystallite size (D) was calculated by using Scherrer equation as following:

D = kλ/(bCosθ)

Here, b is full width half maximum (FWHM) of XRD peaks, k=0.94, and λ =1.54056 Å.

The percentage change in crystallite size was calculated using following formula:

% change in crystallite size = [(D t-D c)/D c] ×100

Where, D c and D t are crystallite size of control and treated powder samples respectively.
2.2. Thermal Analysis
The thermal analysis of Bi ₂O 3 powder was done using TGA-DTG. For that, Mettler Toledo simultaneous TGA-DTG instrument was used. The samples were heated from room temperature to 900ºC with a heating rate of 10ºC/min under nitrogen atmosphere.
2.3. FT-IR Spectroscopy
The FT-IR analysis of control and treated Bi ₂O 3 samples were carried out on Shimadzu's FT-IR (Japan) with frequency range of 4000-500 cm⁻¹. The analysis was accomplished to evaluate the effect of biofield treatment on dipole moment, force constant and bond strength in chemical structure.
2.4. ESR Spectroscopy
The ESR analysis of control and treated Bi ₂O ₃ samples were performed on Electron Spin Resonance (ESR), E-112 ESR Spectrometer of Varian USA. In this experiment, X-band microwave frequency (9.5 GHz), having sensitivity of 5 x 1010, ΔH spins was used.
3. Results and Discussion 3.1. XRD Study
The XRD is a quantitative and non-destructive technique, which have been widely used to study the crystal structure parameters of a compound. Figure 1 shows the XRD diffractogram of control and treated Bi ₂O ₃ samples. It can be observed that the control sample showed the crystalline peaks at Bragg angle (2θ) 27.08°, 27.68°, 32.70°, 32.93°, 34.70°, 37.24°, 46.03°, and 52.08°. However, the treated sample showed the peaks at Bragg's angle 27.17°, 27.79°, 32.82°, 33.03°, 34.84°, 37.39°, 46.09°, and 52.17°. It indicated that the XRD peaks were shifted toward higher angles in the treated sample as compared to control, after biofield energy treatment. It is reported that the reduction in lattice parameter and unit cell volume lead to shifting of the XRD peaks toward higher angles [ 17]. The XRD data of the control and treated samples were analyzed using PowderX software. The crystal structure parameters such as lattice parameter, unit cell volume, density, and molecular weight were computed and presented in Table 1. The data showed that the lattice parameter of treated sample was decreased from 5.6596 Å to 5.6487Å. Kumar e t al. reported that the XRD peaks can shift to the higher side if larger radii atoms are replaced by smaller radii atoms [18].

Nevertheless the unit cell volume of treated Bi ₂O ₃ powder was decreased by 0.58% as compared to control. Thus, the decrease in lattice parameter and unit cell volume were supported by shifting of XRD peaks toward higher angles. Hence, based on shifting of XRD peaks and reduction in the lattice parameter, it is assumed that the biofield treatment might induce compressive stress in treated Bi ₂O ₃ powder and this might be responsible for the internal strain in treated Bi ₂O 3. Ekhelikar et al. reported that the lattice parameter of Bi ₂O ₃ unit cell was reduced from 5.560 Å to 5.540 Å when the doping composition of Y ₂O ₃ was increased from 10 to 20% in Bi ₂O ₃ and increased the stability of δ- Bi ₂O ₃ [19]. Thus, it is assumed that the decrease in lattice parameter of Bi ₂O 3 after biofield treatment might increase the stability of δ- Bi ₂O ₃. Moreover, the reduction in unit cell volume led to the increase in density of treated Bi ₂O 3 powder by 059% as compared to the control. The molecular weight of the treated Bi ₂O ₃ powder was reduced by 0.57% as compared to the control. Besides, the crystallite size of treated Bi ₂O ₃ was increased from 85.10 nm (control) to 106.39 nm after biofield treatment. It indicated that the crystallite size was significantly increased by 25% as compared to the control. It is possible that the neighboring crystalline plane reoriented themselves in the same plane and increased the crystallite size. Li et al.reported that the crystallite size of Bi ₂O ₃ containing compound was increased with increased in sintering time [20]. It is also mentioned that the increase in crystallite size caused an increase in ionic conductivity in Bi ₂O ₃. Thus, based on this, it is assumed that the increase in crystallite size in treated Bi ₂O ₃ may lead to increase the ionic conductivity. It could be due to the reduction of crystallite boundaries in treated Bi ₂O ₃ as compared to control since an increase in crystallite size decrease the crystallite boundaries. Therefore, the increase in ionic conductivity and stability of Bi ₂O ₃ could play a major role in the enhancement of efficiency of the solid oxide fuel cell.

Table 1. Effect of biofield energy treatment on lattice parameter, unit cell volume density, molecular weight, and crystallite size of bismuth oxide powder.

Fig. 1. X-ray diffractogram of bismuth oxide powder.
3.2. Thermal Analysis
The analysis result of TGA are presented in Table 2. The data exhibited that both the control and treated sample were started weight loss at temperature around 50°C. The control sample lost around 0.22% upto temperature 335°C. After that, the control sample stared to gain the weight and which led to increase the weight by 0.2% upto temperature 821°C and so on. It indicated that control sample was thermally stable. However, the treated sample started to lose its weight at 50°C that continued till 660°C. In this process, the sample lost around 1.7% of its initial weight. The weight loss in temperature upto 335°C in control and treated sample could be due to the elimination of water from the samples. Klinkova et al. had studied the thermal behavior of Bi ₂O ₃, where it was reported that the sample continue to show weak weight loss upto 600°C due to the removal of oxygen. It was also mentioned that the formula unit was changed to Bi ₂O 2.902 after heating of the sample upto 600°C [21]. Furthermore, the weight loss observed in control and treated samples were less than 1.7% which may be due to the loss of oxygen or water, thus, it indicated that both samples were thermally stable.

Table 2. TGA analysis of bismuth oxide powder
3.3. FT-IR Spectroscopy
The FT-IR spectra of control and treated Bi ₂O ₃ samples are presented in Figure 2. The band observed at around 3439 cm⁻¹ in both control and treated samples could be due to O-H stretching vibrations indicating the presence of the water molecule. In addition, the band was observed in the range 400-700 cm⁻¹ i.e. 440 and 506 cm⁻¹ in control and treated sample could be the characteristics vibrations of Bi-O bond [22]. In addition, Wang et al. also reported the Bi-O stretching vibrations at 515cm⁻¹ [23]. Thus, the FT-IR data did not show any significant alteration in absorption wavenumbers of treated sample as compared to the control.

Fig. 2. FT-IR spectra of bismuth oxide powder.
3.4. ESR Spectroscopy
The analysis result of control and treated Bi ₂O ₃ samples using ESR are illustrated in Table 3. The data showed that the g-factor was increased from 2.0054 (control) to 2.2833 in treated Bi ₂O ₃ sample. It suggested that the g-factor was increased by 13.86% in treated sample as compared to the control. Also, the width and height of the ESR signal were significantly increased by 311.1 and 1188.9% respectively, as compared to the control. Thus, the increase in ESR signal width and height indicated that the interaction of electron with neighboring elements in treated sample probably altered after biofield treatment. It is assumed that the biofield energy, which probably transferred through treatment, possibly acted at atomic level to cause these modifications.

Table 3. Effect of biofield energy treatment on the ESR properties of bismuth oxide.
4. Conclusions
The XRD data revealed that the lattice parameter was reduced in treated sample as compared to the control. The decrease in lattice parameter may lead to enhance the stability of δ- phase of Bi ₂O ₃ in treated sample as compared to the control. Also, the increase in crystallite size upto 25% suggest that the ionic conductivity of treated Bi ₂O ₃ might increase after biofield treatment. The TGA study showed the stability of control and treated Bi ₂O ₃ samples upto the tested temperature of 900°C. Besides, the ESR spectra study revealed that the signal width and height were significantly increased by 311.1 and 1188.9% respectively, as compared to the control. Thus, overall study concludes that biofield treatment has altered the atomic and physical properties of Bi ₂O ₃. Therefore, the treated Bi ₂O ₃ could be more beneficial in solid oxide fuel cell as compared to the control.
Acknowledgments
Authors would like to acknowledge Dr. Cheng Dong of NLSC, Institute of Physics, and Chinese academy of sciences for permitting us to use Powder-X software for analyzing XRD results. The authors would also like to thank Trivedi Science, Trivedi Master Wellness and Trivedi Testimonials for their support during the work.
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[22] Mallahi M, Shokuhfar A, Vaezi MR, Esmaeilirad A, Mazinani V (2014) Synthesis and characterization of bismuth oxide nanoparticles via sol-gel method. AJER 3: 162-165.
[23] Wang SX, Jin CC, Qian WJ (2014) Bi ₂O ₃ with activated carbon composite as a supercapacitor electrode. J Alloy Compd 615: 12-17.
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thermal properties of bismuth oxide powder

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physical properties of bismuth oxide powder

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Atomic, Physical & Thermal Properties of Bismuth Oxide Powder

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American Journal of Nano Research and Applications Published November 09, 2015 Mahendra Kumar Trivedi, Rama Mohan Tallapragada, Alice Branton, Dahryn Trivedi, Gopal Nayak, Omprakash Latiyal, Snehasis Jana. Evaluation of Atomic, Physical, and Thermal Properties of Bismuth Oxide Powder: An Impact of Biofield Energy Treatment. American Journal of Nano Research and Applications.

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Bi2O3 Use in Fuel Cell Industries‘The biofield treated Bi2O3 could be more useful in solid oxide fuel cell industries’ this shows the results of this research.

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Bi2O3 Use in Fuel Cell Industries‘The biofield treated Bi2O3 could be more useful in solid oxide fuel cell industries’ this shows the results of this research.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
Evaluation of Atomic, Physical, and Thermal Properties of Bismuth Oxide Powder: An Impact of Biofield Energy Treatment | Mahendra Trivedi | Alice Branton | Dahryn Trivedi | Gopal Nayak | Rama Mohan Tallapragada | Academic Room

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
Bismuth oxide (Bi2O3) is known for its application in several industries such as solid oxide fuel cells, optoelectronics, gas sensors and optical coatings. The present study was designed to evaluate the effect of biofield energy treatment on the atomic, physical, and thermal properties of Bi2O3.

# data[].attributes.headline
Bismuth Oxide Powder | Biofield TreatmentThe energy treatment on bismuth oxide powder showed a significant improvement in the atomic, physical, and thermal properties due to the impact of the human energy treatment by Mr. Mahendra Trivedi.

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Bismuth Oxide Powder | Biofield TreatmentThe energy treatment on bismuth oxide powder showed a significant improvement in the atomic, physical, and thermal properties due to the impact of the human energy treatment by Mr. Mahendra Trivedi.

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American Journal of Nano Research and Applications

Published online November 9, 2015 (http://www.sciencepublishinggroup.com/j/nano)

doi: 10.11648/j.nano.20150306.11

Evaluation of Atomic, Physical, and Thermal Properties of

Bismuth Oxide Powder: An Impact of Biofield Energy

, Rama Mohan Tallapragada

Trivedi Global Inc., Henderson, USA

Trivedi Science Research Laboratory Pvt. Ltd., Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India

Mahendra Kumar Trivedi, Rama Mohan Tallapragada, Alice Branton, Dahryn Trivedi, Gopal Nayak, Omprakash Latiyal, Snehasis Jana.

Evaluation of Atomic, Physical, and Thermal Properties of Bismuth Oxide Powder: An Impact of Biofield Energy Treatment. American

Journal of Nano Research and Applications. Vol. 3, No. 6, 2015, pp. 94-98. doi: 10.11648/j.nano.20150306.11

optoelectronics, gas sensors and optical coatings. The present study was designed to evaluate the effect of biofield energy

treatment on the atomic, physical, and thermal properties of Bi

powder was equally divided into two parts: control

and treated. The treated part was subjected to biofield energy tr eatment. After that, both control and treated samples were

investigated using X-ray diffraction (XRD), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy,

and electron spin resonance (ESR) spectroscopy. The XRD data exhibited that the biofield treatment has altered the lattice

parameter (-0.19%), unit cell volume (-0.58%), density (0.59%), and molecular weight (-0.57%) of the treated sample as

compared to the control. The crystallite size was significantly increased by 25% in treated sample as compared to the control.

Furthermore, TGA analysis showed that control and treated samples were thermally stable upto tested temperature of 831°C.

Besides, the FT-IR analysis did not show any significant change in absorption wavenumber in the treated sample as compared to

the control. The ESR study revealed that g-factor was increased by 13.86% in the treated sample as compared to the control. Thus,

above data suggested that biofield energy treatment has altered the atomic and physical properties of Bi

could be more useful in solid oxide fuel cell industries.

Bismuth Oxide, Biofield Energy Treatment, X-ray Diffraction, Differential Scanning Calorimetry,

Thermogravimetric Analysis, Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy

) is known for its optical and electrical

properties such as dielectric permittivity, refractive index, large

energy band gap, photoconductivity and photoluminescence [1].

Due to these properties, Bi

play a vital role in the various

fields such as optoelectronics, gas sensors and optical coatings.

has five polymorphs i.e. α- Bi

(triclinic) [2]. Among these phase, α- Bi

stable phases, while rest other phases are metastable.

exists in the form of face centered cubic

crystal structure [3]. The δ-Bi

conductivity among all other phases, which make it best

material in solid oxide fuel cell. Although its application as

oxide ion conductor is limited, because it is only stable in the

narrow temperature range. Recently, the stability of δ- Bi

reported to be increased by various kind of dopants such as

[5] etc. Verkerk et al. reported that

erbia-stabilized bismuth oxides are among the best solid oxide

stabilization of the δ- Bi

was enhanced by doping with 20 to

required costly equipment setup or high temperature devices.

biofield energy treatment, which could modify the Bi

respect to its atomic, physical, thermal properties. Recently, the

biofield energy treatment has gained significant attention, due

properties of metals [10, 11] and ceramics [12, 13].

Powder: An Impact of Biofield Energy Treatment

Furthermore, a human has the capability to harness the energy

from the environment/Universe and transmit it to any object

around the Globe. The object(s) receive the energy and respond

into a useful way that is called biofield energy, and this process

is known as biofield energy treatment. Besides, the National

Center for Complementary and alternative medicine (NCCAM)

biofield energy treatment (The Trivedi Effect

atomic, physical and thermal characteristics in several ceramics

oxides [15,16]. Thus, after considering the excellent outcomes

with biofield energy treatment on ceramics and the industrial

, this work was undertaken to evaluate the

effect of this treatment on the atomic, physical and thermal

using X-ray diffraction (XRD),

thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), Fourier transform infrared

(FT-IR) spectroscopy and electron spin resonance (ESR)

powder was procured from Sigma Aldrich, USA.

The procured powder was equall y divided into two parts and

coded as control and treated. T he control part was remained

the same and the treated part was in sealed pack, handed over

to Mr. Trivedi for biofield energy treatment under standard

laboratory conditions. Mr. Trivedi provided the treatment

through his energy transmission process to the treated sample

without touching the sample. After that, the c ontrol and

treated samples were c haracterized using XRD, TGA, FT-IR

The XRD analysis of control and treated Bi

diffractometer system. The X-ra y of wavelength 1. 54056

m was used. Fro m the XRD di ffractogram, the peak

(FWHM) (θ°), relative intensity (%) values were obtained.

The PowderX software was used to compute the lattice

parameter and unit cell volume of the control and treated

The crystallite size (D) was calculated by

using Scherrer equation as following:

Here, b is full width half maximum (FWHM) of XRD peaks,

k=0.94, and λ =1.54056 Å.

The percentage change in crystallite size was calculated

% change in crystallite size = [(D

are crystallite size o f control and treated

powder samples respectively.

The thermal analysis of Bi

TGA-DTG. For that, Mettler Toledo simultaneous TGA-DTG

instrument was used. The samples were heated from room

temperature to 900ºC with a heating rate of 10ºC/min under

The FT-IR analysis of control and treated Bi

were carried out on Shimadzu's FT-IR (Japan) with frequency

. The analysis was accomplished to

evaluate the effect of biofield treatment on dipole moment,

force constant and bond strength in chemical structure.

The ESR analysis of control and treated Bi

were performed on Electron Spin Resonance (ESR), E-112

ESR Spectrometer of Varian USA. In this experiment, X-band

microwave frequency (9.5 GHz), having sensitivity of 5 x

3. Results and Discussion

The XRD is a quantitative and non-destructive technique,

which have been widely used to study the crystal structure

diffractogram of control and treated Bi

observed that the control sample showed the crystalline peaks

at Bragg angle (2θ ) 27.08°, 27.68°, 32.70°, 32.93°, 34.70°,

37.24°, 46.03°, and 52.08 °. However, the treated sa mple

showed the peaks at Bragg's angle 27.17°, 27.79°, 32.82°,

33.03°, 34.84°, 37.39°, 46.09°, and 52.17°. It indicated that

the XRD peaks were shifted toward higher angles in the

treated sample as compared to control, after biofield energy

treatment. It is reported that the reduction in lattice parameter

and unit cell volume lead to shifting of the XRD peaks toward

higher angles [17]. The XRD data of the co ntrol and treated

samples were analyzed using PowderX software. The crystal

structure parameters such as lattice parameter, unit cell

volume, density, and molecular weight were computed and

parameter of treated sample was decreased from 5.6596 Å to

5.6487Å. Kumar et al. reported that the XRD peaks can shift

to the higher side if larger radii atoms are replaced by smaller

Nevertheless the unit cell volume of treated Bi

was decreased by 0.58% as compared to control. T hus, the

decrease in lattice parameter and unit cell volume were

supported by shifting of XRD peaks toward higher angles.

Hence, based on shifting of XRD peaks and reduction in th e

lattice para meter, it is assumed that the biofield treatment

might induce compressive stress in treated Bi

this might be responsible for the internal strain in treated

Ekhelikar et al. reported that the lattice para meter of

unit cell was reduced from 5.560 Å to 5.540 Å when the

was increased from 10 to 20% in

and increased the stability of δ- Bi

American Journal of Nano Research and Applications 2015; 3(6): 94-98 96

assumed that the decrease in lattice parameter of Bi

biofield treatment might increase the stability of δ- Bi

Moreover, the reduction in unit cell volume led to the increase

powder by 059% as compared to

the control. The molecular weight of the treated Bi

was reduced by 0.57% as compared to the control. Besides,

the crystallite size of treated Bi

nm (control) to 106.39 nm after biofield treatment. It indicated

that the crystallite size was significantly increased by 25% as

compared to the control. It is possible that the neighboring

crystalline plane reoriented themselves in the same plane and

increased the crystallite size. Li et al. reported that the

containing compound was increased

with increased in sintering time [20]. It is also mentioned that

the increase in crystallite size caused an increase in ionic

. Thus, based on this, it is assumed that

the increase in crystallite size in treated Bi

increase the ionic conductivity. It could be due to the reduction

of crystallite boundaries in treated Bi

control since an increase in crystallite size decrease the

conductivity and stability of Bi

could play a major role in

the enhancement of efficiency of the solid oxide fuel cell.

Fig. 1. X-ray diffractogram of bismuth oxide powder.

Control 5.6596 18.13 8.6097 470.04 85.10

Treated 5.6487 18.02 8.6599 467.32 106.39

% Change -0.19 -0.58 0.59 -0.57 25

The analysis result of TGA are presented in Table 2. The

data exhibited that both the control and treated sample were

started weight loss at temperature around 50°C. The control

sample lost around 0.22% upto temperature 335°C. After that,

the control sample stared to gain the weight and which led to

increase the weight by 0.2% upto temperature 821°C and so

on. It indicated that control sample was thermally stable.

However, the treated sample started to lose its weight at 50°C

that continued till 660°C. In this process, the sample lost

temperature upto 335°C in control and treated sample could be

due to the elimination of water from the samples. Klinkova et

al. had studied the ther mal behavior o f Bi

reported that the sample continue to show weak weight loss

mentioned that the formula unit was changed to Bi

heating of the sample upto 600°C [21]. Furthermore, the

weight loss observed in control and treated samples were less

than 1.7% which may be due to the loss of oxygen or water,

thus, it indicated that both samples were thermally stable.

Table 2. TGA analysis of bismuth oxide powder.

Parameter Control Treated

Onset temperature (°C) 50 50

Endset temperature (°C) 335 660

Percent weight loss (%) 0.22 1.7

The FT-IR spectra of control and treated Bi

presented in Figure 2. The band observed at around 3439 cm

in both control and treated samples could be due to O-H

stretching vibrations indicating the presence of the water

molecule. In addition, the band was observed in the ra nge

sample could be the characteristics vibrations of Bi-O bond

[22]. In addition, Wang et al. also reported the Bi-O stretching

[23]. Thus, the FT-IR data did not show

treated sample as compared to the control.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.authors[].name
Mahendra Kumar Trivedi, Rama Mohan Tallapragada, Alice Branton, Dahryn Trivedi, Gopal Nayak, Omprakash Latiyal, Snehasis Jana

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
Evaluation of Atomic, Physical, and Thermal Properties of Bismuth Oxide Powder: An Impact of Biofield Energy Treatment - PdfSR.com

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
Bismuth oxide (Bi2O3) is known for its application in several industries such as solid oxide fuel cells, optoelectronics, gas sensors and optical coatings. The present study was designed to evaluate the effect of biofield energy treatment on the atomic, physical, and thermal properties of Bi2O3.

# data[].attributes.headline
Evaluation of Physicochemical Properties of Bi2O3The study shows the impact of human energy treatment on physicochemical properties of bismuth oxide powder. Visit the link for more details.

# data[].attributes.subject
Evaluation of Physicochemical Properties of Bi2O3The study shows the impact of human energy treatment on physicochemical properties of bismuth oxide powder. Visit the link for more details.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
"Evaluation of Atomic, Physical, and Thermal Properties of Bismuth Oxide Powder: An Impact of Biofield Energy Treatment" by Mahendra Kumar Trivedi

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
Bismuth oxide (Bi2O3) is known for its application in several industries such as solid oxide fuel cells, optoelectronics, gas sensors and optical coatings. The present study was designed to evaluate the effect of biofield energy treatment on the atomic, physical, and thermal properties of Bi2O3.

# data[].attributes.headline
Bi2O3 | Thermal Characterization Using TGA Analysis The TGA analysis data of bismuth oxide (Bi2O3) sample shows changes in its thermal properties due to the impact from a non-touch thoughtful energy treatment.

# data[].attributes.subject
Bi2O3 | Thermal Characterization Using TGA Analysis The TGA analysis data of bismuth oxide (Bi2O3) sample shows changes in its thermal properties due to the impact from a non-touch thoughtful energy treatment.

# data[].attributes.headline
ESR Study of Bismuth Oxide PowderThe Bi2O3 samples were investigated using X-ray diffraction (XRD), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, and electron spin resonance (ESR) spectroscopy to understand the impact of unique biofield energy treatment.

# data[].attributes.subject
ESR Study of Bismuth Oxide PowderThe Bi2O3 samples were investigated using X-ray diffraction (XRD), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, and electron spin resonance (ESR) spectroscopy to understand the impact of unique biofield energy treatment.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
Evaluation of Atomic, Physical, and Thermal Properties of Bismuth Oxide Powder: An Impact of Biofield Energy Treatment

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
Bismuth oxide (Bi2O3) is known for its application in several industries such as solid oxide fuel cells, optoelectronics, gas sensors and optical coatings. The present study was designed to evaluate the effect of biofield energy treatment on the

# data[].attributes.headline
Atomic, Physical, and Thermal Properties of Bi2O3

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Atomic, Physical, and Thermal Properties of Bi2O3

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| In this experiment, the data suggest that biofield energy treatment has altered the atomic and physical properties of Bi2O3 and makes it more useful for solid oxide fuel cell industries.

# data[].attributes.headline
Biofield Energy Treatment on Bi2O3The present study was designed to evaluate the effect of biofield energy treatment on the atomic, physical, and thermal properties of Bismuth oxide (Bi2O3). Visit the link.

# data[].attributes.subject
Biofield Energy Treatment on Bi2O3The present study was designed to evaluate the effect of biofield energy treatment on the atomic, physical, and thermal properties of Bismuth oxide (Bi2O3). Visit the link.

# data[].attributes.headline
Study of Bismuth Oxide PowderThis research study was performed to use the unique biofield energy to alter the atomic, physical, and thermal properties of Bismuth oxide (Bi2O3) and make it more useful for the industrials.

# data[].attributes.subject
Study of Bismuth Oxide PowderThis research study was performed to use the unique biofield energy to alter the atomic, physical, and thermal properties of Bismuth oxide (Bi2O3) and make it more useful for the industrials.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
Evaluation of Atomic, Physical, and Thermal Properties of Bismuth Oxide Powder: An Impact of Biofield Energy Treatment :: Science Publishing Group

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
Bismuth oxide (Bi 2 O 3 ) is known for its application in several industries such as solid oxide fuel cells, optoelectronics, gas sensors and optical coatings. The present study was designed to evaluate the effect of biofield energy treatment on the atomic, physical, and thermal properties of Bi 2 O 3 .

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Biofield Evaluation | Molybdenum DioxideThe study suggest that the biofield energy treatment has significant impact on the properties of MoO2 powder and the biofield treated Molybdenum Dioxide could be more useful in catalytic action.

# data[].attributes.subject
Biofield Evaluation | Molybdenum DioxideThe study suggest that the biofield energy treatment has significant impact on the properties of MoO2 powder and the biofield treated Molybdenum Dioxide could be more useful in catalytic action.

# data[].attributes.headline
The Trivedi Effect | Molybdenum DioxideRead here, about how the spiritual energy healing treatment could alter the characteristics of treated molybdenum dioxide w.r.t the untreated sample.

# data[].attributes.subject
The Trivedi Effect | Molybdenum DioxideRead here, about how the spiritual energy healing treatment could alter the characteristics of treated molybdenum dioxide w.r.t the untreated sample.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
Analysis of Physical, Thermal, and Structural Properties of Biofield Energy Treated Molybdenum Dioxide

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
Molybdenum dioxide (MoO2) is known for its catalytic activity toward reforming hydrocarbons. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of biofield energy treatment on physical, thermal, and structural properties in MoO2.

# data[].attributes.headline
MoO2' Energy Healing TreatmentBased on the study, the data concluded that the biofield energy treatment has significant impact on the physical, thermal, and structural properties of MoO2 powder.

# data[].attributes.subject
MoO2' Energy Healing TreatmentBased on the study, the data concluded that the biofield energy treatment has significant impact on the physical, thermal, and structural properties of MoO2 powder.

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International Journal of Materials Science and Applications
Published November 9, 2015

Mahendra Kumar Trivedi, Rama Mohan Tallapragada, Alice Branton, Dahryn Trivedi, Gopal Nayak, Omprakash Latiyal, Snehasis Jana. Analysis of Physical, Thermal, and Structural Properties of Biofield Energy Treated Molybdenum Dioxide. International Journal of Materials Science and Applications. Vol. 4, No. 5, 2015, pp. 354-359. doi: 10.11648/j.ijmsa.20150405.21

Analysis of Physical, Thermal, and Structural Properties of Biofield Energy Treated Molybdenum Dioxide

Manuscript Link:
http://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ijmsa.20150405.21.pdf

Mahendra Kumar Trivedi, Rama Mohan Tallapragada, Alice Branton, Dahryn Trivedi, Gopal Nayak, Omprakash Latiyal, Snehasis Jana

DOI: 10.11648/j.ijmsa.20150405.21 ISSN: 2327-2635 (Print)2327-2643 (Online)
Citation
Mahendra Kumar Trivedi, Rama Mohan Tallapragada, Alice Branton, Dahryn Trivedi, Gopal Nayak, Omprakash Latiyal, Snehasis Jana. Analysis of Physical, Thermal, and Structural Properties of Biofield Energy Treated Molybdenum Dioxide. International Journal of Materials Science and Applications. Vol. 4, No. 5, 2015, pp. 354-359. doi: 10.11648/j.ijmsa.20150405.21
Abstract
Molybdenum dioxide (MoO ₂) is known for its catalytic activity toward reforming hydrocarbons. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of biofield energy treatment on physical, thermal, and structural properties in MoO ₂. The MoO ₂ powder sample was divided into two parts, one part was remained as untreated, called as control, while the other part was subjected to Mr. Trivedi's biofield energy treatment and called as treated. Both control and treated samples were investigated using X-ray diffraction (XRD), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy. The XRD data exhibited that the biofield treatment has altered the lattice parameters, unit cell volume, density and molecular weight of the treated sample as compared to the control. The TGA study revealed that the onset temperature of thermal degradation of MoO ₂ was reduced from 702.87°C to 691.92°C. Besides, the FT-IR spectra exhibited that the absorption band corresponding to Mo=O stretching vibration was shifted to lower wavenumber i.e. 975 cm⁻¹ (control) to 970 cm⁻¹ in treated sample. Hence, above results suggested that biofield energy treatment has altered the physical, thermal, and structural properties in MoO ₂ powder. Therefore, the biofield treatment could be applied to modify the catalytic properties of MoO ₂ in pharmaceutical industries.

Keywords: Molybdenum Dioxide, Biofield Energy Treatment, X-ray Diffraction, Thermogravimetric Analysis, Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy
1. Introduction
Molybdenum is a well-known element, around 80% is utilized in steel industries to improve the corrosion resistance [1]. The molybdenum compounds have long been use for numerous applications. Molybdenum has oxidation states varying from +2 to +6, among them, oxides exist in two forms i.e. molybdenum (IV) and molybdenum (VI) oxide. Molybdenum (IV) oxide (MoO ₂) has high electrical conductivity like metals due to presence of delocalized electrons in its valence band [2]. Due to this, MoO ₂ is used in rechargeable lithium ion batteries as anode material [3]. In addition, it is also used in solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) as anode material because it has high fuel flexibility and electrical conductivity [4, 5]. Recently, MoO ₂ has gained significant attention due to its catalytic activity towards reforming hydrocarbons. The catalytic action of MoO ₂ is governed by metallic site i.e. Mo⁺⁴ . It was reported that the metallic site dissociates the hydrogen (H ²) and produce active hydrogen atoms. After that, the active hydrogen atoms binds with the surface oxygen and form Bronsted acid functional groups [6]. For industrial applications, the physical, thermal, and morphological properties of MoO ₂ plays a crucial role. Currently, the physical and thermal properties of MoO ₂ are controlled via various processes such as reduction of MoO ₃ [7], hydrothermal process [8], and thermal evaporation [9], etc. All these process are either require costly equipment setup or high temperature conditions to obtain the desired properties. Thus, it is important to search an alternative approach which can modify the physical and thermal properties of MoO ₂ powder.

The energy exists in various forms and there are several ways to transfer the energy from one place to another such as electrochemical, electrical and thermal etc. Similarly, the human nervous system consists of neurons, which have the ability to transmit information and energy in the form of electrical signals. Due to this, a human has the ability to harness the energy from environment/universe and can transmit it to any object (living or non-living) around the Globe. The object(s) always receive the energy and responded into useful way that is called biofield energy. This process is termed as biofield energy treatment. The National Center for Complementary and Alternative Medicine (NCCAM) has considered the biofield treatment (or healing therapy) under subcategory of energy therapies [10]. Mr. Trivedi's unique biofield energy treatment is known as The Trivedi Effect®. Recently, Mr. Trivedi's biofield energy treatment is known to alter the atomic, physical and thermal characteristics in several metals [11-13] and ceramics [14-16] in material science field. After considering the outstanding consequences with biofield energy treatment on ceramics and metals, this work was designed to evaluate the effect of biofield treatment on the physical, thermal, and structural properties of the MoO ₂ using X-ray diffraction (XRD), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy.
2. Materials and Methods
The MoO ₂ powder was purchased from Sigma Aldrich, USA. The procured powder was equally divided into two parts. One part was remained untreated, called as control. While, other part was in sealed pack, handed over to Mr. Trivedi for biofield energy treatment under standard laboratory conditions. Mr. Trivedi provided the treatment through his energy transmission process to the treated sample without touching the sample and this part was coded as treated. After that, the control and treated samples were characterized using XRD, TGA, and FT-IR techniques.
2.1. XRD Study
The XRD analysis of control and treated MoO ₂ samples was accomplished on Phillips, Holland PW 1710 X-ray diffractometer system. The X-ray of wavelength 1.54056 ×10⁻¹⁰ m was used. From the XRD diffractogram, the peak intensity counts, d value (Å), full width half maximum (FWHM) (θ°), relative intensity (%) values were obtained. The PowderX software was used to compute the lattice parameter and unit cell volume of the control and treated MoO ₂ samples. The Scherrer equation was used to compute the crystallite size (D) as following:

D = kλ/(bCosθ)

Here, b is full width half maximum (FWHM) of XRD peaks, k=0.94, and λ =1.54056 Å.

The percentage change in crystallite size was calculated using following formula:

% change in crystallite size = [(D t-D c)/D c] × 100

Where, D c and D t are crystallite size of control and treated powder samples respectively.
2.2. Thermal Analysis
The thermal analysis of MoO ₂ powder was done using TGA-DTG. For that, Mettler Toledo simultaneous TGADTG instrument was used. The samples were heated from room temperature to 900ºC with a heating rate of 10ºC/min under nitrogen atmosphere.
2.3. FT-IR Spectroscopy
The FT-IR analysis of control and treated MoO ₂ samples were carried out on Shimadzu's FT-IR (Japan) with frequency range of 4000-500 cm⁻¹. The analysis was accomplished to evaluate the effect of biofield treatment on dipole moment, force constant and bond strength in chemical structure.
3. Results and Discussion 3.1. XRD Study
The XRD technique is a quantitative and non-destructive technique, which have been widely used to study the crystal structure and its parameters for a given compound. The XRD pattern of control and treated MoO ₂ is given in Fig 1. Ths XRD pattern of control sample showed the crystalline peaks at Bragg angle (2θ) 26.02°, 36.97°, 53.51°, 60.25, and 66.67°. The peaks were fitted well with the monoclinic crystal structure according to Joint committee on powder diffraction standards (JCPDS file no. 65-5758 with a space group of P21/c [17]. Furthermore, the treated sample showed the peaks at 2θ 26.04°, 37.00°, 53.55°, 60.29, and 66.68°. It indicated that all XRD peaks were slightly shifted toward higher angles in the treated sample as compared to the control, after biofield energy treatment. In order to study the crystal structure parameters, the PowderX software was used and lattice parameters, unit cell volume, density, and molecular weight were computed. The results are presented in Table 1. The data showed that the lattice parameters "a" and "c" of treated sample were decreased from 5.649 Å (control) to 5.643 Å and 5.650 Å (control) to 5.645 Å, respectively. Also, the reduction in lattice parameters led to decrease the unit cell volume from 13.292×10⁻²³ cm ³ (control) to 13.268 ×10⁻²³ cm ³. Schwertmann et al. reported that the reduction in lattice parameter of unit cell led to shift the XRD peaks toward higher angles [18]. It was also reported that the XRD peaks can shift to the higher side if larger radii atoms are replaced by smaller radii atoms [19]. The decrease in lattice parameter and unit cell volume were supported by shifting of XRD peaks toward higher angles. Thus, based on the shifting of XRD peaks and reduction in the lattice parameters "a" and "c", it is presumed that the biofield treatment might induce compressive stress in treated MoO ₂. Due to this, an internal strain might induce in treated MoO ₂ after biofield treatment and that possibly resulted in alteration of lattice parameters and unit cell volume. Nevertheless, the crystallite size was found to be same in control and treated sample as 70.8 nm. Besides, the reduction in unit cell volume caused an increase in density from 6.450 g/cc (control) to 6.462 g/cc in treated sample.On the contrary, the molecular weight of the treated MoO ₂ powder was decreased from 129.10 to 128.87g/mol. Hence, the XRD data suggested that biofield energy treatment has altered the physical properties of MoO ₂.

Table 1. X-ray diffraction analysis of molybdenum dioxide powder.

Fig. 1. X-ray diffractogram of molybdenum dioxide powder.
3.2. Thermal Analysis
Thermal analysis of MoO ₂ was accomplished using TGADTG system. The TGA curve of control and treated MoO ₂ is shown in Fig 2. The control TGA showed that the sample started to gain the weight around 336.5°C, and continues till 444.5°C. In this process, the weight of control sample was increased by approximately 9.5% as compared to its initial weight. Naouel et al. reported that the weight gain by MoO ₃ sample in TGA was due to its oxidation [20] Zhang et al. reported that the theoretical weight gain during oxidation of MoO ₂ to MoO ₃ is 12.5% [21].

Nevertheless, the treated sample started to gain the weight at around 386.6 °C and continue to gain till 657.4 °C. In this process the weight of the treated sample was increased by 7.6% with respect to its weight at 306.6°C. It suggested that the onset temperature for oxidation of treated sample was decreased by 8.8% as compared to the control. It could be due to decrease in thermal stability of treated MoO ₂ sample after biofield energy treatment. It is assumed that the energy absorbed by the treated sample through biofield energy treatment, probably alter the bond strength of M=O. Due to which, the treated MoO ₂ may convert into MoO ₃ at lower temperature. Nevertheless, the data also showed that the control sample started to lose its weight at onset temperature 702.87°C and ended at temperature 825°C. The weight loss at this temperature could be due to sublimation of the MoO ₃ compound [22,23]. Furthermore, the treated sample showed the onset and endset temperature at 691.92°C and 825°C respectively. The data suggested that the onset temperature of treated sample was reduced as compared to the control. Thus,it is assumed that the intermolecular interaction of the treated sample may get reduced after the biofield treatment and that might be responsible for the reduction of onset temperature in the treated sample as compared to control. Further, the reduction in intermolecular interaction in treated sample may reduce its thermal stability. Besides, the peak width i.e. the difference of onset and endset temperature, was calculated as 122.13°C in the control while, it was increased to 133.08 °C in the treated sample. The data also exhibited that in this sublimation process, the control and treated samples were lost around 71.50% and 61.83% of their respective initial weight. Moreover, the rate of weight loss was decreased from 1.50 ×10⁻⁵ g/s (control) to 0.88 ×10⁻⁵ g/s in treated MoO ₂ sample (Table 2). It indicated that the rate of weight loss of treated MoO ₂ during decomposition process was decreased by 41.05% as compared to the control. Hence, TGA data suggested that biofield energy treatment has altered the thermal properties of MoO ₂.

Fig. 2. TGA thermogram of molybdenum dioxide powder.

Fig. 2. TGA thermogram of molybdenum dioxide powder.
3.3. FT-IR Spectroscopy
The FT-IR spectra of control and treated MoO ₂ samples are presented in Fig 3. The control sample showed the absorption band at wavenumber 975 cm⁻¹,which was assigned to symmetric stretching modes of the double terminal Mo=O bond [24]. It was shifted to lower wavenumber 970 cm⁻¹ in the treated sample after biofield treatment. Previously, our group reported that biofield energy treatment had altered the Ti-O bond length in barium titanate (BaTiO ₃) [25]. The stretching vibration wavenumber (ν) of a bond is directly related to the bond force constant (k) as follow:

Here, μ is effective mass of atoms, which form the bond.

From the above equation, it can be inferred that the increase of bond force constant leads to increase the wavenumber in FT-IR and vice versa. Thus, the decrease in wavenumber corresponding to Mo=O stretching vibration in the treated sample suggested that its bond strength might reduce after biofield energy treatment. In addition, the band observed at 466 cm⁻¹ in control, was shifted to lower wavenumber 450 cm⁻¹ in the treated sample, which could be due to metal oxygen bond. In addition, the treated sample also showed the absorption bands at 547 and 715 cm⁻¹, which were absent in control sample. It was reported that the band around 715 cm⁻¹ is the characteristic peak of the asymmetric stretching vibrations of the O−Mo−O bonds [26]. Based on the above data, it is assumed that biofield energy treatment probably acted at bonding level to cause these modification. Furthermore, the reduction in bond strength in M=O was also supported by the reduction in thermal stability of MoO ₂. Besides, in order to use MoO ₂ as catalyst in hydrocarbon, it's Mo=O bond strength and thermal stability plays an important role. Hence, the modification of M=O bond strength and thermal stability of MoO ₂ through biofield energy treatment could alter its catalytic activities.

Fig. 3. FT-IR spectra of molybdenum dioxide powder.
4. Conclusions
The biofield treatment has reduced the lattice parameters and unit cell volume of monoclinic MoO ₂ powder. The XRD data showed the alteration in the lattice parameters, unit cell volume, density and molecular weight of the treated sample as compared to the control. The TGA study revealed that the onset temperature of thermal degradation of MoO ₂ was reduced from 702.87 °C to 691.92 °C, which could be due to the reduction of thermal stability of treated sample as compared to the control. The rate of weight loss during degradation in treated sample was reduced by 41.05% as compared to the control. Besides, FT-IR spectra exhibited that the absorption band corresponding to Mo=O stretching vibration was shifted from 975 cm⁻¹ (control) to lower wavenumber i.e. 970 cm⁻¹ in the treated sample, which could be due to reduction of strength of Mo=O bond in the treated sample. Hence, overall data concluded that biofield energy treatment has significant impact on the physical, thermal, and structural properties of MoO ₂ powder. Therefore, the modification of thermal stability and bonding strength of treated MoO ₂ through biofield energy treatment could make it more useful in catalytic action as compared to the control.
Acknowledgements
Authors would like to acknowledge Dr. Cheng Dong of NLSC, Institute of Physics, and Chinese academy of sciences for permitting us to use Powder-X software for analyzing XRD results. The authors would also like to thank Trivedi Science, Trivedi Master Wellness and Trivedi Testimonials for their support during the work.
References
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[2] Ellefson CA, Marin-Flores O, Ha S, and Norton MG (2012) Synthesis and applications of molybdenum (IV) oxide. J Mater Sci 47: 2057-2071.
[3] Shi Y, Guo B, Corr SA, Shi Q, Hu YS, and Heier KR (2009) Ordered mesoporous metallic MoO ₂ materials with highly reversible lithium storage capacity. Nano Lett 9: 4215-4220.
[4] Marin-Flores O, Turba T, Ellefson C, Wang K, Breit J, and Ahn J et al. (2010) Nanoparticle molybdenum dioxide: A highly active catalyst for partial oxidation of aviation fuels. Appl Catal B: Environ 98: 186-192.
[5] Marin Flores O, Turba T, Ellefson C, Scudiero L, Breit J, Norton G et al. (2010) Nanoparticle molybdenum dioxide: a new alternative catalytic material for hydrogen production via partial oxidation of jet-a fuels. J Nanoelectron Optoe 5: 1-5.
[6] Belatel H, Al-Kandari H, Al-Khorafi F, and Katrib A (2004) The bifunctional catalytic properties of a partially H2-reduced MoO ₃. Catal Commun 5: 225-229.
[7] Kennedy MJ, and Bevan SC (1974) A kinetic study of the reduction of molybdenum trioxide by hydrogen. J LessCommons Metals 36: 23-30.
[8] Chen X, Zhang Z, Li X, Shi C, and Li X (2006) Selective synthesis of metastable MoO ₂ nanocrystallites through a solution-phase approach. Chem Phys Lett 418: 105-108.
[9] Irfan, So F, and Gao Y (2011) Photoemission spectroscopy characterization of attempts to deposit MoO ₂ thin film. Int J Photoenergy Volume 2011, Article ID 314702, 6 pages.
[10] Barnes PM, Powell-Griner E, McFann K, and Nahin RL (2004) complementary and alternative medicine use among adults: United States, 2002. Advanced Data, 343: 1-19.
[11] Trivedi MK, Tallapragada RM, Branton A, Trivedi D, Nayak G, et al. (2015) Potential impact of biofield treatment on atomic and physical characteristics of magnesium. Vitam Miner 3: 129.
[12] Trivedi MK, Nayak G, Patil S, Tallapragada RM, Latiyal O, et al.(2015) An evaluation of biofield treatment on thermal, physical and structural properties of cadmium powder. J Thermodyn Catal 6: 147.
[13] Trivedi MK, Patil S, Tallapragada RM (2013) Effect of bio field treatment on the physical and thermal characteristics of Silicon, Tin and Lead powders J Material Sci Eng 2: 125.
[14] Trivedi MK, Patil S, Nayak G, Jana S, Latiyal O (2015) Influence of biofield treatment on physical, structural and spectral properties of boron nitride. J Material Sci Eng 4: 181.
[15] Trivedi MK, Nayak G, Patil S, Tallapragada RM, Latiyal O (2015) Studies of the atomic and crystalline characteristics of ceramic oxide nano powders after bio field treatment. Ind Eng Manage 4: 161.
[16] Trivedi MK, Tallapragada RM, Branton A, Trivedi D, Nayak G, et al. (2015) characterization of physical, thermal and structural properties of chromium (VI) oxide powder: Impact of biofield treatment. J Powder Metall Min 4: 128.
[17] Deng Z, Hu Y, Ren D, Lin S, Jiang H, and Li C (2015) Reciprocal hybridization of MoO ₂ nanoparticles and few-layer MoS2 for stable lithium-ion batteries. Chem Commun 51: 13838-13841.
[18] Schwertmann U, and Cornell RM (2007) Iron oxides in the laboratory: preparation and characterization. John Wiley & Sons.
[19] Kumar P and Kar M (2014) Effect of structural transition on magnetic and dielectric properties of La and Mn Co-substituted BiFeO ₃ ceramics. Mater Chem and Phys 148: 968-977.
[20] Naouel R, Touati F, and Gharbi N (2012) Control of the morphology of molybdenum dioxide nanoparticles. E-Journal of Chemistry 9: 233-239.
[21] Zhang H, Wu T, Wang K, Wu X, Chen X, and Jiang Y et al. (2013) Uniform hierarchical MoO ₂/carbon spheres with high cycling performance for lithium ion batteries. J Mater Chem A 1: 12038-12043.
[22] Sarno M, Garamella A, Cirillo C, and Ciambelli P (2014) MoO ₂ synthesis for LIBs. Chem Eng Transac 41: 307-312.
[23] Azurdia JA, McCrum A, and Laine RM (2008) Systematic synthesis of mixed-metal oxides in NiO-Co3O4, NiO-MoO ₃, and NiO-CuO systems via liquid-feed flame spray pyrolysis. J Mater Chem 18: 3249-3258.
[24] Martos M, Morales J, Sanches L (2002) Mechanochemical synthesis of Sn12xMoxO2 anode materials for Li-Ion batteries. J Mater Chem 12: 2979-2984.
[25] Trivedi MK, Nayak G, Patil S, Tallapragada RM, Latiyal O, et al. (2015) Impact of biofield treatment on atomic and structural characteristics of barium titanate powder. Ind Eng Manage 4: 166.
[26] Baran EJ, Mormann TJ, Grocke HJ, and Jeitschko W (2001) Infrared and Raman spectra of Hg ₂MoO ₄ and Hg2WO4. J Raman Spectroscopy 32: 395-398.
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International Journal of Materials Science and Applications Published November 9, 2015 Mahendra Kumar Trivedi, Rama Mohan Tallapragada, Alice Branton, Dahryn Trivedi, Gopal Nayak, Omprakash Latiyal, Snehasis Jana. Analysis of Physical, Thermal, and Structural Properties of Biofield Energy Treated Molybdenum Dioxide. International Journal of Materials Science and Applications. Vol. 4, No.

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Molybdenum Dioxide | Alterations after Biofield TreatmentFor industrial applications, the physical, thermal, and morphological properties of MoO2 plays a crucial role and that is why the authors tested the biofield Treatment as an alternative approach to modify the physical and thermal properties of MoO2 powder.

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Molybdenum Dioxide | Alterations after Biofield TreatmentFor industrial applications, the physical, thermal, and morphological properties of MoO2 plays a crucial role and that is why the authors tested the biofield Treatment as an alternative approach to modify the physical and thermal properties of MoO2 powder.

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Analysis of Physical, Thermal, and Structural Properties of Biofield Energy Treated Molybdenum Dioxide | Mahendra Trivedi | Alice Branton | Dahryn Trivedi | Gopal Nayak | Academic Room

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Molybdenum dioxide (MoO2) is known for its catalytic activity toward reforming hydrocarbons. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of biofield energy treatment on physical, thermal, and structural properties in MoO2.

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Biofield Treatment | Molybdenum OxideThe aim of this research is to assess the impact of unique human energy treatment on the properties of treated molybdenum oxide. Follow the link, to know more about the research.

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Biofield Treatment | Molybdenum OxideThe aim of this research is to assess the impact of unique human energy treatment on the properties of treated molybdenum oxide. Follow the link, to know more about the research.

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International Journal of Materials Science and Applications

Published online November 9, 2015 (http://www.sciencepublishinggroup.com/j/ijmsa)

doi: 10.11648/j.ijmsa.20150405.21

ISSN: 2327-2635 (Print); ISSN: 2327-2643 (Online)

Analysis of Physical, Thermal, and Structural Properties of

Biofield Energy Treated Molybdenum Dioxide

, Rama Mohan Tallapragada

Trivedi Global Inc., Henderson, USA

Trivedi Science Research Laboratory Pvt. Ltd., Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India

Mahendra Kumar Trivedi, Rama Mohan Tallapragada, Alice Branton, Dahryn Trivedi, Gopal Nayak, Omprakash Latiyal, Snehasis Jana.

Analysis of Physical, Thermal, and Structural Properties of Biofield Energy Treated Molybdenum Dioxide. International Journal of

Materials Science and Applications. Vol. 4, No. 5, 2015, pp. 354-359. doi: 10.11648/j.ijmsa.20150405.21

) is known for its catalytic activity to ward reforming hydrocarbons. The objective of

this study was to evaluate the effect of biofield energy treatment on physical, thermal, and structural properties in MoO

powder sample was divided into two parts, one part was remained as untreated, called as control, while the other par t

was subjected to Mr. Trivedi's biofield energy treatment and c alled as treated. Both control and treated samples were

investigated using X-ray diffraction (XRD), thermogravimetric analysis (T GA), and Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR)

spectroscopy. The XRD data exhibited that the biofield treatment has altered the lattice parameters, unit cell volume, density

and molecular weight of the tr eated sample as compared to t he control. The TGA study revealed that the onset temperature of

thermal degradation of MoO

was reduced from 702.87°C to 691.92°C. Besides, the FT-IR spectra exhibited that the

absorption band corresponding to Mo=O stretching vibratio n was shifted to lower wavenumber i.e. 975 cm

in treate d sample. Hence, above results suggested that biofield energy treatment has altered the physical, thermal, and

structural properties in MoO

powder. Therefore, the b iofield treatment could be applied to modify the catalytic properties of

in pharmaceutical industries.

Molybdenum Dioxide, Biofield Energy Treatment, X-ray Diffraction, Thermogravimetric Analysis,

Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy

Molybdenum is a well-known element, around 80% is

utilized in steel industries to improve the corrosion resistance

[1]. T he molybdenum compounds have long been use for

numerous applications. Molybde num has oxidation states

varying from +2 to +6, among them, oxides exist in two

forms i.e. molybdenum (IV) and molybdenum (VI) oxide.

conductivity like metals due to presence of delocalized

electrons in its valence band [2]. Due to this, MoO

rechargeable lithium ion batteries as anode material [3 ]. In

addition, it is also used in solid o xide fuel cell (SOFC) as

electrical conductivity [4, 5]. Recently, MoO

significant attention d ue to its catalytic acti vity towards

reforming hydrocarbons. The catalytic action of MoO

governed by metallic site i.e. Mo

metallic site dissociates the hydrogen (H

hydrogen atoms. After that, the active hydrogen atoms binds

with the surface oxygen and form Bronsted acid functional

groups [6]. For industrial applications, the ph ysical, thermal,

and morphological properties of MoO

Currently, the p hysical and thermal proper ties of MoO

controlled via various processes such as reduction of MoO

[7], hydrothermal process [8], and thermal evaporation [9],

etc. All these process are either require costly equipment

setup or high temperature conditions to obtain the desired

properties. Thus, it is important to search an alternative

The energy exists in various forms and there are several

ways to transfer the energy from one place to another such as

electrochemical, electrical and thermal etc. Similarly, the

International Journal of Materials Science and Applications 2015; 4(5): 354-359 355

human nervous system consists of ne urons, which have the

ability to transmit information and energy in the form of

electrical signals. D ue to this, a human has the ability to

transmit it to any object (living or non-living) around the

responded into useful way that is called biofield energy. This

process is termed as biofield energy treatment. The National

(NCCAM) has consid ered the b iofield treatment (o r healing

therapy) under subcategory of energy therapies [10]. Mr.

Trivedi's unique biofield energy treatme nt is known as The

Trivedi Effect®. Recently, Mr. Trivedi's biofield energy

treatment is known to alter the atomic, physical and thermal

characteristics in several metals [11-13] and ceramics [14-16]

in material science field. After considering the outstanding

consequences with biofield energy treatment on ceramics and

metals, this work was designed to evaluate the effect of

biofield treatment on the physical, thermal, and structural

using X-ray diffraction (XRD),

thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and Fourier transform

infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy.

powder was purchased from Sigma Aldrich,

USA. T he procure d powder was equally divided into two

parts. One part was remained untreated, called as control.

While, other part was in sealed pack, handed over to Mr.

laboratory conditions. Mr. Trivedi provided the treatment

through his energy transmission process to the treated sample

without touching the sample and this part was coded as

treated. After that, the control and treated samples were

characterized using XRD, TGA, and FT-IR techniques.

The XRD analysis of control a nd treated MoO

diffractometer system. The X-r ay of wavelength 1. 54056

m was used. Fro m the XRD diffractogra m, the peak

(FWHM) (θ°), relative intensity (%) values were obtained.

parameter and unit cell volume of the control and treated

The Scherrer equation was used to compute

the crystallite size (D) as following:

Here, b is full width half maximum (FWHM) of XRD

peaks, k=0.94, and λ =1.54056 Å.

The percentage change in crystallite size was calculated

% change in crystallite size = [(D

are crystallite size o f control and treated

powder samples respectively.

The thermal analysis of MoO

TGA-DTG. For that, Mettler Toledo simultaneous TGA-

DTG instrument was used. The sa mples were heated from

room temperature to 900ºC with a heating rate of 10ºC/min

under nitrogen atmosphere.

The FT-IR analysis of control and treated MoO

frequency range of 4000-500 cm

accomplished to evaluate the effect of biofield treatment on

dipole moment, force constant and bo nd strength in chemical

3. Results and Discussion

The XRD tech nique is a quantitative a nd non-destructi ve

technique, which ha ve been widely us ed to study the crystal

structure and its pa rameters for a give n compound. The

XRD pattern o f control and treated MoO

Ths XRD pattern of control sample showed th e crystallin e

peaks at Bragg angle (2θ) 26.02°, 36.9 7°, 53.51°, 60.25,

and 66.67°. T he peaks wer e fitted well with the monoclinic

crystal structure according to Joint committe e on po wder

diffraction stand ards (JCPDS file no. 65-5758 wit h a spac e

showed the peaks at 2θ 26.04°, 37.00°, 53.55°, 60. 29, and

66.68°. It indicate d that all XRD p eaks were slightly shifted

toward higher angles in the treated sample as compared to

the control, after biofield energy treat ment. In ord er to

software was used and lattice para meters, unit cell volume,

density, and molecular weight were co mputed. T he results

are prese nted in Table 1. The data showed that the latt ice

parameters "a" and "c" o f trea ted sa mple wer e de creased

from 5.649 Å (control) to 5.643 Å and 5.650 Å (control) to

Schwertmann et al. repor ted that the reduction in latt ice

parameter of unit ce ll led to shift the XRD peaks toward

higher angles [ 18]. It was also reported that the XRD peaks

can shift to the higher side i f larger radii a toms are replaced

by smaller radii atoms [19 ]. The decrease in lattice

parameter and unit cell volume were supported b y shifting

of X RD p eaks toward higher angles. Thus, based on the

parameters "a" and "c ", it is presumed that the biofield

treatment might i nduce compressive stress in tr eated MoO

Due to this, an internal str ain might induce in treated MoO

356 Mahendra Kumar Trivedi et al.: Analysis of Physical, Thermal, and Structural Properties

of Biofield Energy Treated Molybdenum Dioxide

Nevertheless, the crystallite size was found to be same in

control and treated sample as 70.8 nm. Beside s, the

reduction in unit cell volume caused an increase i n density

from 6.45 0 g/cc (control) to 6.462 g/cc in treated sample.

On the c ontrary, the molecular weight of the treated MoO

powder was de creased from 1 29.10 to 128 .87g/mol. Hence,

the XRD data sugge sted that biofield energy treat ment has

altered the physical p roperties of MoO

Fig. 1. X-ray diffractogram of molybdenum dioxide powder.

Table 1. X-ray diffraction analysis of molybdenum dioxide powder.

was accomplished usi ng TGA-

DTG system. The TGA curve of control and treated MoO

shown in Fig 2. The control TGA showed that the sample

started to gain the weight around 336.5 °C, and continues till

444.5°C. In this pr ocess, the weight of control sample was

increased by approximately 9.5% as compared to its initial

weight. Naouel et al. reported that the weight gain by MoO

sample in TGA was due to its oxidation [20] Zhang et al.

reported that the theoretical weight gain during oxidation of

Nevertheless, the treated sample started to gain the weight

at around 386.6 °C and continue to gain till 6 57.4 °C. In this

process the weight of the treated sample was increased by

7.6% with respect to its weight at 306.6°C. It suggested that

the onset temperature for oxidation of treated sample was

decreased by 8.8% as compared to the control. It could be

due to decrea se in thermal stability of treated MoO

after biofield energy treat ment. It is assumed that the energy

treatment, probably a lter the bo nd strength of M=O. Due to

temperature. Nevertheless, the data also showed that the

control sample started to lo se its weight at onset temperature

702.87°C and ended at temperature 825°C. The weight loss

at this temperature could be due to sublimation of the MoO

compound [22,23]. Furthermore, the treated sample showed

the onset and endset temperature at 691.92°C and 825°C

respectively. The data suggested that the onset temperature of

treated sample was reduced as compared to the control. Thus,

it is assumed that the intermolecular interaction o f the treated

sample may get reduced after the bio field treatment and th at

might be responsible for the reduction of onset temperature

in the treated sample as compared to control. Further, the

reduction in intermolecular interaction in tr eated sample may

reduce its thermal stability. Besides, the peak width i.e. th e

difference of onset and endset temperature, was calculated as

122.13°C in the control while, it was i ncreased to 133.08 °C

in the treated sample. The data also exhibited that in t his

sublimation p rocess, the con trol and treated samples were

lost around 71.50 % and 61.83% of their respective initial

weight. Moreover, the rate of weight loss was decreased from

g/s (control) to 0.88 ×10

sample (Table 2). It indicated that the rate of weight los s of

during decomposition process was decreased

by 41.05% as compared to the control. Hence, TGA data

thermal properties of MoO

Table 2. TGA analysis of molybdenum dioxide powder.

Parameter Control Treated

Peak width 122.13 1 33.08

Percent change in weight at Onset 109.52 105.44

Percent change in weight at endset 38.02 43.61

Change in weight percent -71.50 -61.83

Percent change in weight/width -0.585 -0.464

Percent change in rate of weight loss

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.authors[].name
Mahendra Kumar Trivedi, Rama Mohan Tallapragada, Alice Branton, Dahryn Trivedi, Gopal Nayak, Omprakash Latiyal, Snehasis Jana

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
Analysis of Physical, Thermal, and Structural Properties of Biofield Energy Treated Molybdenum Dioxide - PdfSR.com

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
Molybdenum dioxide (MoO2) is known for its catalytic activity toward reforming hydrocarbons. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of biofield energy treatment on physical, thermal, and structural properties in MoO2.

# data[].attributes.headline
Physical and Thermal Properties of Molybdenum DioxideVisit the link to know about how the unique human energy treatment could alter the physical & thermal properties of molybdenum oxide.

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Physical and Thermal Properties of Molybdenum DioxideVisit the link to know about how the unique human energy treatment could alter the physical & thermal properties of molybdenum oxide.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
"The Potential Impact of Biofield Energy Treatment on the Atomic and Physical Properties of Antimony Tin Oxide Nanopowder" by Mahendra Kumar Trivedi

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
Antimony tin oxide (ATO) is known for its high thermal conductivity, optical transmittance, and wide energy band gap, which makes it a promising material for the display devices, solar cells, and chemical sensor industries. The present study was undertaken to evaluate the effect of biofield energy treatment on the atomic and physical properties of ATO nanopowder.

# data[].attributes.headline
FT-IR Spectroscopic Characterization of MoO2In the present research, FT-IR spectrum exhibits the alteration in the wavenumber of the treated sample of Molybdenum Dioxide as compare to untreated sample. Get to know more from the given below link.

# data[].attributes.subject
FT-IR Spectroscopic Characterization of MoO2In the present research, FT-IR spectrum exhibits the alteration in the wavenumber of the treated sample of Molybdenum Dioxide as compare to untreated sample. Get to know more from the given below link.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
Analysis of Physical, Thermal, and Structural Properties of Biofield Energy Treated Molybdenum Dioxide

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
Molybdenum dioxide (MoO2) is known for its catalytic activity toward reforming hydrocarbons. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of biofield energy treatment on physical, thermal, and structural properties in MoO2. The MoO2 powder

# data[].attributes.headline
Thermal Degradation of MoO2The TGA study revealed that the onset temperature of thermal degradation of MoO2 was reduced from 702.87°C to 691.92°C that shows the changes in thermal properties of MoO2 due to the impact from the biofield treatment.

# data[].attributes.subject
Thermal Degradation of MoO2The TGA study revealed that the onset temperature of thermal degradation of MoO2 was reduced from 702.87°C to 691.92°C that shows the changes in thermal properties of MoO2 due to the impact from the biofield treatment.

# data[].attributes.headline
XRD Analysis of Molybdenum DioxideIn the research, the XRD analysis data of Molybdenum Dioxide exhibited the alteration in the lattice parameters, unit cell volume, density and molecular weight of the treated sample.

# data[].attributes.subject
XRD Analysis of Molybdenum DioxideIn the research, the XRD analysis data of Molybdenum Dioxide exhibited the alteration in the lattice parameters, unit cell volume, density and molecular weight of the treated sample.

# data[].attributes.headline
Properties of Biofield Treated Molybdenum This study assess the effect of biofield energy treatment on the physical, thermal, and structural properties in MoO2. Visit the link for more details.

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Properties of Biofield Treated Molybdenum This study assess the effect of biofield energy treatment on the physical, thermal, and structural properties in MoO2. Visit the link for more details.

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Analysis of Physical, Thermal, and Structural Properties of Biofield Energy Treated Molybdenum Dioxide :: Science Publishing Group

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
Molybdenum dioxide (MoO 2 ) is known for its catalytic activity toward reforming hydrocarbons. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of biofield energy treatment on physical, thermal, and structural properties in MoO 2 .

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TGA/DTG analysis of 2-ChlorobenzonitrileIn this study, the overall thermal studies suggest that the thermal stability of treated 2-CLBN increased, which might be advantageous for this compound regarding its wide application.

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TGA/DTG analysis of 2-ChlorobenzonitrileIn this study, the overall thermal studies suggest that the thermal stability of treated 2-CLBN increased, which might be advantageous for this compound regarding its wide application.

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Published online November 9, 2015 (http://www.sciencepublishinggroup.com/j/mc)

doi: 10.11648/j.mc.20150304.11

ISSN: 2329-1818 (Print); ISSN: 2329-180X (Online)

Experimental Investigation on Physical, Thermal and

Spectroscopic Properties of 2-Chlorobenzonitrile: Impact of

Trivedi Global Inc., Henderson, USA

Trivedi Science Research Laboratory Pvt. Ltd., Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India

Mahendra Kumar Trivedi, Alice Branton, Dahryn Trivedi, Gopal Nayak, Ragini Singh, Snehasis Jana. Experimental Investigation on Physical,

Thermal and Spectroscopic Properties of 2-Chlorobenzonitrile: Impact of Biofield Treatment. Modern Chemistry.

Vol. 3, No. 4, 2015, pp. 38-46. doi: 10.11648/j.mc.20150304.11

2-chlorobenzonitrile (2-ClBN) is widel y used in the manufacturing of azo dyes, pharmaceuticals, and as

intermediate in various chemical reactions. The aim of present study was to evaluate the impact of biofield treatment on physical,

thermal and spectroscopic properties of 2-ClBN. 2-ClBN sample was divided into two groups that served as treated and control.

The treated group received Mr. Trivedi's biofield treatment. Subsequently, the control and treated samples were evaluated using

X-ray diffraction (XRD), surface area analyser, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA),

Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) and ultraviolet-visible (UV-Vis) spectroscopy. XRD result showed a decrease in crystallite

size in treated samples i.e. 4.88% in 2-ClBN along with the increase in peak intensity as compared to control. However, surface

area analysis showed a decrease in surface area of 64.53% in treated 2-ClBN sample as compared to the control. Furthermore,

DSC analysis results showed a significant increase in the latent heat of fusion (28.74%) and a slight increase in melting

temperature (2.05%) in treated sample as compared to the contro l. Moreover, TGA/DTG studies showed that the control and

treated 2-ClBN samples lost 61.05% and 46.15% of their weight, respectively. The FT-IR spectra did not show any significant

compared to control sample. These findings suggest that biofield treatment has significantly altered the physical, thermal and

spectroscopic properties of 2-ClBN, which could make them more useful as a chemical intermediate.

Biofield Treatment, 2-Chlorobenzonitrile, X-ray Diffraction, Surface Area Analysis,

Differential Scanning Calorimetry, Thermogravimetric Analysis, Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy,

Ultraviolet-Visible Spectroscopy

Benzonitrile is a colourless aromatic organic co mpound,

had a sweet almond odour and derived from the reaction of

benzoic acid with lead thioc yanate by heat ing [1]. T hey are

widely used as an indispensable part in the production of dyes,

rubber chemicals, pharmaceuticals, herbic ides and natural

products. They are present as important substructures in

fluvoxamine, fadrozole, etc. [2]. Benzonitriles and it s

derivatives are also used in manufacturing lacquers, polymers

and anhydrous metallic salts [3]. Halogenated benzonitriles

are known to be used as inter mediate in the syn thesis of

inhibitors of enzymes related to Chagas, Alzheimer and

Parkinson disease [4-6] as well as inhibitors used in HIV and

cancer treatment [7, 8]. 2-Chlorobenzonitrile (2-ClBN) is a

halogenated benzonitrile derivative that is mainly used as an

intermediate in the production of azo dyes by synthesizing dye

intermediates like 2-cyano-4-nitroaniline. It is also used in

palladium catalysed direct arylation of hetero aromatics, e.g.,

3-aminopicolinic acid and synthesis of antimalarial drug

quetiapine nitrate [9]. 2-ClBN and its substituted derivatives

anti-inflammatory properties [10]. Stability profile of any

chemical compound is the most desired quality tha t

Properties of 2-Chlorobenzonitrile: Impact of Biofield Treatment

determines its shelf life and purity to be used as intermedia te.

structural and bonding properties of compound [11]. Currently,

industries can be affected due to altering temperature and pH

conditions [12]. Thus, it is important to search some alterna te

strategies, which could improve the stability of chemical

compounds by altering their physical, thermal or structural

It is already demonstrated t hat electrical current exists

particles like ions, protons, and electrons, and they generate a

magnetic field in the human b ody [13, 14]. This

electromagnetic field of the human body is known as bio field

and energy associated with this field is known as biofield

energy [15, 16]. It generates through internal physiologic al

processes like blood flow, b rain activity and heart function,

and function for regulation and communication within the

organism [ 17]. Currently, many biofield treatments are in

quality of life [ 18-20]. The living organisms are also able to

exchange this energy from the environment for their health

maintenance. Thus, a human can harness the energy from the

environment or universe and can transmit the energy to any

living or non-living object around this Universe. The object(s)

always rece ive the energy a nd respond to useful way via

biofield energy. This process is termed as biofield treatment.

Mr. Trivedi's biofield treatment (The Trivedi Effect

known and significantly studied in different fields such as

microbiology [21-23], agriculture [24-26], and biotechnology

[27, 28]. Recently, it was reported that biofield treatment

changes the atomic, crystalline and powder characteristics as

well as spectroscopic characters of d ifferent materials. Along

with that, alteration in physical, t hermal and chemical

bismuth and ceramic oxide [29-31]. Hence, based on the

results obtained after biofield treatment on different materials

and considering the pharmaceutical applications of 2-ClBN,

the present study was undertaken to evaluate the impact of

biofield treatment on physical, thermal and spectroscopic

characteristics of 2-ClBN.

2-Chlorobenzonitrile (2-ClBN) was procured from S D

Fine Chemicals Pvt. Ltd., India. The sample was divided into

two parts; one was kept as a control while other was subjected

to Mr. Trivedi's biofield treatment and coded as treated sample.

The treatment sample in sealed pack was handed over to Mr.

conditions. Mr. Trivedi provided the trea tment through his

energy transmission process to the treated group without

touching the sample. The biofield treated sample was returned

in the similarly sealed condition for further characterization

using XRD, surface area analyser, DSC, TGA, FT-IR and

UV-Vis spectroscopic techniques.

2.1. X-ray Diffraction (XRD) Study

XRD analysis was carried out on Phillips, Holland PW

1710 X-ray diffractometer system, which had a c opper anode

with nickel filter. The radiation of wavelength used by the

XRD system was 1.54056 Å. The data o btained were in the

containing peak intensity counts, d value (Å), peak width (θ

relative intensity (%), etc.

The crystallite size (G) was calculated by using formula:

Here, λ is the wavelength of radiation used; b is full width

half maximum (FWHM) of peaks and k is the equipment

constant (=0.94). However, percent change in crystallite size

was calculated using the following equation:

Percent change in crystallite size = [(G

are crystallite size o f control and treated

powder samples, respectively.

2.2. Surface Area Analysis

The surface area was measured by the Surface area analyser,

Smart SORB 90 based on Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET).

Percent changes in surface area were calc ulated using

%changeinsurfacearea = S

are the surface area of control and

treated samples, respectively.

2.3. Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) Study

For studies related to melting temperature and latent heat of

fusion of 2-ClBN, Differential Scanning Calorimeter (DSC)

of Perkin Elmer/Pyris-1, USA with a heating rate of 10°C/min

under air atmosphere and flow rate of 5 ml/min was used.

Melting temperature and latent heat of fusion were obtained

Percent change in latent heat of fusion was calculated using

%changeinLatentheatoffusion

are the latent heat of fusion of

control and treated samples, respectively. Similarly, percent

change in melting point was also calculated to observe the

difference in thermal properties of treated 2-ClBN sample as

2.4. Thermogravimetric Analysis/ Derivative

Thermogravimetry (TGA/DTG)

Thermal stability of control and treated sample of 2-ClBN

Modern Chemistry 2015; 3(4): 38-46 40

was analysed by using Mettler Toledo simultaneous

thermogravimetric analyser (TGA/DTG). The samples were

heated from room temperature to 400ºC with a heating rate of

(temperature at which sample start losing

weight) and from DTG curve, T

sample lost its maximum weight) were recorded.

Percent change in temperature at which maximum weight

loss occur in sample was calculated using following equation:

which maximum weight loss occurs in c ontrol and treated

Percent change in onset peak temperature was calculated

using following equation:

% change in onset peak temperature T

temperature in control and treated sample, respectively.

2.5. Spectroscopic Studies

For determination of spectroscopic characters, the treated

sample was divided into two groups i.e. T1 and T2. Both

treated groups were analysed for their spectral characteristics

using FT-IR and UV-Vis spectroscopy as compared to control

2.5.1. FT-IR Spectroscopic Characterization

The samples were crushed into fine powder for anal ysis.

The powdered sample was mixed in spectroscopic grade KBr

in an agate mortar and pressed into pellets with a hydraulic

press. FT-IR spectra were reco rded on Shimadzu's Fourier

transform infrared spectrometer (J apan) with a frequency

. The samples are prepared by grinding

the dry blended powders of control and treated 2-ClBN with

powdered KBr, and then compressed to form discs. The FT-IR

spectroscopic analysis of 2-ClBN (control, T1 and T2) were

carried out to evaluate the impact of biofield treatment at

atomic and molecular level like bond strength, stability,

rigidity of structure, etc. [32].

2.5.2. UV-Vis Spectroscopic Analysis

The UV-Vis spectral analysis was measured using

Shimadzu UV-2400 P C series sp ectrophotometer over a

wavelength range of 200-40 0 nm with 1 cm quartz cell and a

slit width of 2.0 nm. This analysis was perf ormed to evaluate

the effect of biofield trea tment on the structural pro perty of

2-ClBN sample. T he UV-Vis spectroscopy give s the

preliminary info rmation relate d to the skeleton of chemical

structure and possi ble arrangement of functional groups.

With UV-Vis spectro scopy, it i s possible to invest igate

electron tra nsfers betwee n orbitals or b ands of atoms, io ns

and molecules existing in the ga seous, liquid and solid phase

3. Results and Discussion

Fig. 1. XRD diffractogram of control and treated samples of

X-ray diffraction ana lysis was conducte d to study the

crystalline na ture of the contro l and treated sample of

2-ClBN. XRD diffractogram of control and treated samples

of 2-ClBN are shown in Fig. 1. The XRD diffracto gram of

control 2-ClB N showed intense cryst alline peaks at 2θ

equals to 13.67°, 16.62°, 27.74°, 28.87° and 30.28° . The

intense peaks indicated the crysta lline nature of 2-ClBN.

However, the XRD diffracto gram of treated 2-ClBN showed

the crystalline peak at 2θ equals to 13.59°, 17.82°, 2 2.28°,

23.84°, 24.77°, 25 .80°, 27.91°, and 33.65°. Most of the

treated sample peaks showed high inte nsity as co mpared to

the control, which indicated that crystallinit y of trea ted

2-ClBN sample increased as compa red to control. According

to Britton D, 2-ClBN molecules involve Cl---N interactions

as well as C-H---Cl and C-H---N hydrogen bonds, due to

forms of molecules. These four crystallog raphic molec ules

differed from each o ther in terms of bond length and related

by pseudosymmetry [33 ]. Besides, the mol ecules of 2-ClBN

do not possess an organized struc ture as the molecular layers

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.authors[].name
Mahendra Kumar Trivedi, Alice Branton, Dahryn Trivedi, Gopal Nayak, Ragini Singh, Snehasis Jana

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
Experimental Investigation on Physical, Thermal and Spectroscopic Properties of 2-Chlorobenzonitrile: Impact of Biofield Treatment - PdfSR.com

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
2-chlorobenzonitrile (2-ClBN) is widely used in the manufacturing of azo dyes, pharmaceuticals, and as intermediate in various chemical reactions. The aim of present study was to evaluate the impact of biofield treatment on physical, thermal and spectroscopic properties of 2-ClBN. 2-ClBN sample was divided into two groups that served as treated and control.

# data[].attributes.headline
FT-IR Analysis of 2-ChlorobenzonitrileThe FT-IR analysis of 2-Chlorobenzonitrile was conducted to examine the effects of unique human energy treatment on the spectroscopic properties of 2-Chlorobenzonitrile. Follow the link to get the more information.

# data[].attributes.subject
FT-IR Analysis of 2-ChlorobenzonitrileThe FT-IR analysis of 2-Chlorobenzonitrile was conducted to examine the effects of unique human energy treatment on the spectroscopic properties of 2-Chlorobenzonitrile. Follow the link to get the more information.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
"Experimental Investigation on Physical, Thermal and Spectroscopic Properties of 2-Chlorobenzonitrile: Impact of Biofield Treatment" by Mahendra Kumar Trivedi

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
2-chlorobenzonitrile (2-ClBN) is widely used in the manufacturing of azo dyes, pharmaceuticals, and as intermediate in various chemical reactions. The aim of present study was to evaluate the impact of biofield treatment on physical, thermal and spectroscopic properties of 2-ClBN. 2-ClBN sample was divided into two groups that served as treated and control.

# data[].attributes.headline
2-CLBN as a Chemical IntermediateThe impact of alternative energy treatment could be noticed in the present study & results in that 2-CLBN could be more useful as a chemical intermediate in the production of various pharmaceutical products.

# data[].attributes.subject
2-CLBN as a Chemical IntermediateThe impact of alternative energy treatment could be noticed in the present study & results in that 2-CLBN could be more useful as a chemical intermediate in the production of various pharmaceutical products.

# data[].attributes.headline
Surface Area Analysis | 2-CLBN  The surface area analysis was used to investigate the surface area of the treated sample of 2-CLBN as compared to control sample, after the biofield treatment. To know more, follow the link.

# data[].attributes.subject
Surface Area Analysis | 2-CLBN  The surface area analysis was used to investigate the surface area of the treated sample of 2-CLBN as compared to control sample, after the biofield treatment. To know more, follow the link.

# data[].attributes.headline
XRD Analysis of 2-ChlorobenzonitrileThe XRD analysis of 2-Chlorobenzonitrile was conducted to examine the crystalline size of treated sample of 2-CLBN w.r.t the control sample. Click on the link to know more.

# data[].attributes.subject
XRD Analysis of 2-ChlorobenzonitrileThe XRD analysis of 2-Chlorobenzonitrile was conducted to examine the crystalline size of treated sample of 2-CLBN w.r.t the control sample. Click on the link to know more.

# data[].attributes.headline
Characteristics of 2-ChlorobenzonitrileThe research on CLBN suggest  that the human energy treatment  has significantly altered the characteristics of 2-Chlorobenzonitrile. To know more, go through the link.

# data[].attributes.subject
Characteristics of 2-ChlorobenzonitrileThe research on CLBN suggest  that the human energy treatment  has significantly altered the characteristics of 2-Chlorobenzonitrile. To know more, go through the link.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
Experimental Investigation on Physical, Thermal and Spectroscopic Properties of 2-Chlorobenzonitrile: Impact of Biofield Treatment

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
2-chlorobenzonitrile (2-ClBN) is widely used in the manufacturing of azo dyes, pharmaceuticals, and as intermediate in various chemical reactions. The aim of present study was to evaluate the impact of biofield treatment on physical, thermal and

# data[].attributes.headline
Impact of Biofield Treatment on 2-ChlorobenzonitrileThe aim of the present study was to evaluate the impact of biofield treatment on the physical, thermal and spectroscopic properties of 2-Chlorobenzonitrile. Follow the link for more details.

# data[].attributes.subject
Impact of Biofield Treatment on 2-ChlorobenzonitrileThe aim of the present study was to evaluate the impact of biofield treatment on the physical, thermal and spectroscopic properties of 2-Chlorobenzonitrile. Follow the link for more details.

# data[].attributes.headline
Human Energy Treatment | BiphenylDue to the influence of unique human energy treatment, there were some significant changes observed in the samples of Biphenyl. Visit the link for the more details.

# data[].attributes.subject
Human Energy Treatment | BiphenylDue to the influence of unique human energy treatment, there were some significant changes observed in the samples of Biphenyl. Visit the link for the more details.

# data[].attributes.headline
Energy Treatment Impact on BiphenylIn the present investigation, Biphenyl was exposed to a non-contact biofield treatment and evaluated for the changes in properties. Read here for the more details.

# data[].attributes.subject
Energy Treatment Impact on BiphenylIn the present investigation, Biphenyl was exposed to a non-contact biofield treatment and evaluated for the changes in properties. Read here for the more details.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
Characterization of Physical, Spectroscopic and Thermal Properties of Biofield Treated Biphenyl

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
Biphenyl is used as an intermediate for synthesis of various pharmaceutical compounds. The objective of present research was to investigate the influence of biofield treatment on physical, spectroscopic and thermal properties of biphenyl. The study was performed in two groups (control and treated). The control group remained as untreated, and biofield treatment was given to treated group.

# data[].attributes.headline
Brunauer-Emmett Teller Analysis: BiphenylThe Brunauer-Emmett teller analysis showed alteration in surface area in treated biphenyl with respect to control. Read here for the more details.

# data[].attributes.subject
Brunauer-Emmett Teller Analysis: BiphenylThe Brunauer-Emmett teller analysis showed alteration in surface area in treated biphenyl with respect to control. Read here for the more details.

# data[].attributes.headline
Changes in Properties of BiphenylIn the present study, a change in the physical and thermal nature of biphenyl was observed due to the impact of the non-contact external energy.

# data[].attributes.subject
Changes in Properties of BiphenylIn the present study, a change in the physical and thermal nature of biphenyl was observed due to the impact of the non-contact external energy.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.readable_text
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Journal of Chemical Engineering

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Characterization of Physical, Spectroscopic and Thermal

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&2"'B:!&&&D&#&+

&#&#

&"EAB:"+!&&&&2<&2&#&#")###

&&2?+(0&.=!&&##&&<&2!##")<&#

&& &&2 $ 3&F+&& 23 F+ &&2; ! $<#& &&  <&# && &

#&#"*&&&<&&&2&<<#2#&&&&<

32>&28<<&#+&/&2?+&<(<&)##2

.&=)##2

32&$&####&&2#&

&# & && $& &   &2 & <

# 2 & #" (G & ! #2&

# ! #& &&  HI" 32 

&2 & & # !  &#&  &

<&#&9;#&

&#  & ! &$   # <

&< $&# 2 & 2 &  $<

&&#$#& &#2" 32 &   <

2 < ! &$ < # ! 

&&##&& #& HI etc.  ? &# 2

#&D2# ;&; & & D#

&2 &#2 HI" /&2 2'

#&D2# &# &2'D&;2J& !&

$&<&#&&#2H'I"

-! 2 & ! &#2   &#9 <

<#&$HI#<

  &# 9#" 0#2 :&&2 et. al.,

!&#2&;#&$&2

&$<#&<#$&#9#HI"

+ &$ ! $& ; # & #&& 2

&HI" 0#2 < &  !& & &

& &$2  <2  2#& & &

 < & &" -# & & 9 

$&<#<<&2

E 4&&7&+et al. :&&#;&<2#&)###&+&<

3<+&32

&2#&&&&#&

0&# & D&2 & 

# < #&$# < &  & 2

$ #& #$ # & #2$&2

##&$&2 & ##&$& HI"

/&2!&!&##2$&<

& & <#      < #&$

&## &  # &    &

!& < < !#   2

!# #2 9! & <" +< & &

&  &2  &  $2 <

$$&,"+%#&!&2

#$2&<!&2&#&

< $2 &  #  9! & <

4" +G< &  9 !  & 

#&&##<&2$&&#<#

& && ## HI &$# HI &

#$2HEI" 3< & & ! D#

 $  &#& #2 &

&&& < ##& &# &! & #

&&#&&##<&$##HI"

FD<&#&&&#&

#&2$!&&&#&#&&##<

32 #$  & D# 

# < < & & &&##&

$<#&# < 2  2 !& &9 

$&  &# < <  2###&

<#"

32!&#<1&:1"(&"+

&!&!&!&9&&#

& & & !& # & & &" +

&$!&&&#9&&4"

+<<&&&2#"4"

+   & $  $2

&#   & $ ! #$

 &" + # & & & !

#&&#; 2 >08 8): +,/ ?+(0 .=

##2&<&#&&&&2"

2.1. X-ray Diffraction (XRD) Study

>08 &&2 < 2 !& #&   

-&KA>&2<<&#2!#&&

#&!#9<"+&&<!&$

<>08!<<&#&<M"2

&&&&#&$&92#&

&2@#"+#2&

;,!&#&#&2$<&

,N9O :M

##&$@#2&;NH,

&#2&;<#&&

!&#2"

2.2. Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) Study

+#&&2!&&2;2$&

2 9F 8):  & &$ &< B: 

# #&$  $  !& #&#& $

  

&$<#

&&&#2"

# #&$  & & < < !& #&#&

$<!$Q&

!""#$

&&&<<

<#&&&#2"

2.3. Thermogravimetric Analysis-Differential Thermal

+& &2 < # & & 2 !

&&2; 2 $ 4 + & +,/ &

<<& & &&2; 8+/" + & !

&<&'B:!&&$&<

B: &&.

 ##  & !& #&#& $ <!$

&&D&

# &  # & & &

?+(0 #& ! #  )&;G ?

&<<&#6&&!<Q#2&$

"+ & & !&    !

&+&+<?+(0&&2"

2.5. UV-Vis Spectroscopic Analysis

.=#&<#&&2!#

)&;.=':  #!  #

Q&;#&&!<""+&&2!&#&

$!&$&$<'"+&

/#&6&<:#&F$$ 

&!&!&+&+<&&2"

2.6. Surface Area Analysis

)<&# && < # & & 2 !

#&&#;2 <&# &&  &&2;)4/0+ )*03 E

3&F+3F+$/)+48'

!# & & # &$ < " 

#&$  <&# && ! #&#& $ <!$

%changeinsurfacearea  S

& <&# && < #

&&&#2"

3. Results and Discussion

>08 <<&#$& < # & & 2 &

!?$"+>08$&<#!&9

&MQ&"B"EB"''B"AB"B"AB

&2!#&2<>08

&9"+>08&9!&MQ&"B

"B "B "'B "B "AB & A"''B" +

#& 2< >08 &9  & 2 !&

#&#2&2<&"+#2&

; < # 2 !& "  !  !&

#& AE"    #$ & &

?$"+#2&;!&#&2"'@

&2&#&#"(!&2

$$&#&&#&&2#&

#$#2&;<&&H'I"T&$

et. al., ! & # < & & #& &#

&# <  & &#  #&

# #2& ; HI" - #  &  &

<&&2##&&&&

#& #2& ; <   2 & #& 

;& & #2& ; #& # ! <<

&2#$&<<&#&&#

&#&HAI"-#&&!

#2&; < & 2 &2  &# 

& HI &  #  ; < 2 <

&&##&#"

Figure 1. XRD difractograms of control and treated biphenyl.

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Characterization of Physical, Spectroscopic and Thermal Properties of Biofield Treated Biphenyl

Biphenyl is used as an intermediate for synthesis of various pharmaceutical compounds. The objective of present research was to investigate the influence of biofield treatment on physical, spectroscopic and thermal properties of biphenyl. The study was performed in two groups (control and treated). The control group remained as untreated, and biofield treatment was given to treated group. The control and treated biphenyl were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, Ultraviolet-visible (UV-Vis) spectroscopy and surface area analysis. The treated biphenyl showed decrease in intensity of XRD peaks as compared to control. Additionally, crystallite size was decreased in treated biphenyl by 16.82% with respect to control. The treated biphenyl (72.66ºC) showed increase in melting temperature as compared to control biphenyl (70.52ºC). However, the latent heat of fusion (∆H) of treated biphenyl was substantially changed by 18.75% as compared to control. Additionally, the treated biphenyl (155.14ºC) showed alteration in maximum thermal decomposition temperature (Tmax) as compared to control sample (160.97ºC). This showed the alteration in thermal stability of treated biphenyl as compared to control. Spectroscopic analysis (FT-IR and UV-visible) showed no alteration in chemical nature of treated biphenyl with respect to control. Surface area analysis through Brunauer-Emmett-Teller analysis (BET) analyzer showed significant alteration in surface area as compared to control. Overall, the result demonstrated that biofield has substantially affected the physical and thermal nature of biphenyl.

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# data[].attributes.attachment_link.authors[].name
Mahendra Kumar Trivedi, Rama Mohan Tallapragada, Alice Branton, Dahryn Trivedi, Gopal Nayak, Rakesh Kumar Mishra, Snehasis Jana

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
Characterization of Physical, Spectroscopic and Thermal Properties of Biofield Treated Biphenyl - PdfSR.com

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
Biphenyl is used as an intermediate for synthesis of various pharmaceutical compounds. The objective of present research was to investigate the influence of biofield treatment on physical, spectroscopic and thermal properties of biphenyl. The study was performed in two groups (control and treated). The control group remained as untreated, and biofield treatment was given to treated group.

# data[].attributes.headline
Biphenyl- DSC StudyIt has been observed that the potential energy of biphenyl atoms was altered after the unique biofield treatment that led to the change in the latent heat of fusion.

# data[].attributes.subject
Biphenyl- DSC StudyIt has been observed that the potential energy of biphenyl atoms was altered after the unique biofield treatment that led to the change in the latent heat of fusion.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.keywords[]
biphenyl intermediate for organic synthesis

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
"Characterization of Physical, Spectroscopic and Thermal Properties of Biofield Treated Biphenyl" by Mahendra Kumar Trivedi

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
Biphenyl is used as an intermediate for synthesis of various pharmaceutical compounds. The objective of present research was to investigate the influence of biofield treatment on physical, spectroscopic and thermal properties of biphenyl. The study was performed in two groups (control and treated). The control group remained as untreated, and biofield treatment was given to treated group.

# data[].attributes.headline
Alteration in Characteristics of BiphenylThe non-contact external energy has the ability to bring changes in the unique characteristics of biphenyl. Read here for the more details.

# data[].attributes.subject
Alteration in Characteristics of BiphenylThe non-contact external energy has the ability to bring changes in the unique characteristics of biphenyl. Read here for the more details.

# data[].attributes.headline
XRD Analysis of BiphenylThe control and treated samples of biphenyl were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and other analysis methods in this experiment. Read here for the more information.

# data[].attributes.subject
XRD Analysis of BiphenylThe control and treated samples of biphenyl were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and other analysis methods in this experiment. Read here for the more information.

# data[].attributes.headline
Biphenyl' Thermal AnalysisRead here about the changes in thermal properties of biphenyl as compared to control after biofield energy treatment.

# data[].attributes.subject
Biphenyl' Thermal AnalysisRead here about the changes in thermal properties of biphenyl as compared to control after biofield energy treatment.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
Characterization of Physical, Spectroscopic and Thermal Properties of Biofield Treated Biphenyl

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
Biphenyl is used as an intermediate for synthesis of various pharmaceutical compounds. The objective of present research was to investigate the influence of biofield treatment on physical, spectroscopic and thermal properties of biphenyl. The study

# data[].attributes.headline
Physical, Spectroscopic and Thermal Properties of BiphenylOverall, the result demonstrated that the biofield treatment has substantially altered the physical and thermal nature of biphenyl. Follow the link to know more.

# data[].attributes.subject
Physical, Spectroscopic and Thermal Properties of BiphenylOverall, the result demonstrated that the biofield treatment has substantially altered the physical and thermal nature of biphenyl. Follow the link to know more.

# data[].attributes.headline
Biphenyl- External Energy TreatmentThe groups of biphenyl samples were characterized using the analysis techniques such as X-ray diffraction (XRD), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and etc. to understand the effect of a unique spiritual energy treatment applied on the samples.

# data[].attributes.subject
Biphenyl- External Energy TreatmentThe groups of biphenyl samples were characterized using the analysis techniques such as X-ray diffraction (XRD), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and etc. to understand the effect of a unique spiritual energy treatment applied on the samples.

# data[].attributes.headline
Effect of Biofield Treatment on BiphenylThe objective of the present research was to investigate the influence of biofield treatment on physical, spectroscopic and thermal properties of biphenyl.

# data[].attributes.subject
Effect of Biofield Treatment on BiphenylThe objective of the present research was to investigate the influence of biofield treatment on physical, spectroscopic and thermal properties of biphenyl.

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Characterization of Physical, Spectroscopic and Thermal Properties of Biofield Treated Biphenyl :: Science Publishing Group

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Biphenyl is used as an intermediate for synthesis of various pharmaceutical compounds. The objective of present research was to investigate the influence of biofield treatment on physical, spectroscopic and thermal properties of biphenyl. The study was performed in two groups (control and treated). The control group remained as untreated, and biofield treatment was given to treated group.

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Evaluation of S. agalactiae gr. B Antimicrobial SensitivityHuman energy treatment results in an improved antimicrobial sensitivity of S. agalactiae gr. B (70.37%) tested antimicrobials as compared to the untreated sample.

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Evaluation of S. agalactiae gr. B Antimicrobial SensitivityHuman energy treatment results in an improved antimicrobial sensitivity of S. agalactiae gr. B (70.37%) tested antimicrobials as compared to the untreated sample.

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Postpartum Pathogen- Streptococcus agalactiae group B

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Postpartum Pathogen- Streptococcus agalactiae group B

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Postpartum Pathogen- Streptococcus agalactiae group BVisit the link to know the effect of unique energy treatment on the postpartum pathogen, Streptococcus agalactiae group B.

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Postpartum Pathogen- Streptococcus agalactiae group BVisit the link to know the effect of unique energy treatment on the postpartum pathogen, Streptococcus agalactiae group B.

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Volume 7(5): 269-273 (2015) - 269

ISSN: 1948-5948 JMBT, an open access journal

Research ArticleOpen Access

Trivedi et al., J Microb Biochem Technol 2015, 7:5

http://dx.doi.org/10.4172/1948-5948.1000223

Research ArticleOpen Access

Microbial & Biochemical Technology

*Corresponding author:Snehasis Jana, Trivedi Global Inc., 10624 S Eastern

Avenue Suite A-969, Henderson, NV 89052, USA, Tel: +91-755-6660006; E-mail:

Received August 12, 2015; Accepted September 01, 2015; Published September

Citation: Trivedi MK, Branton A, Trivedi D, Nayak G, Shettigar H, et al. (2015)

Effect of Bioeld Energy Treatment on Streptococcus group B: A Postpartum

Pathogen. J Microb Biochem Technol 7: 269-273. doi: 10.4172/1948-5948.1000223

Copyright: © 2015 Trivedi MK, et al. This is an open-access article distributed

under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits

unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the

original author and source are credited.

Streptococcus agalactiae group B (S. agalactiae gr. B) is widespread in nature mainly causes bacterial

septicemia and neonatal meningitis. The current study was attempted to investigate the effect of bioeld treatment

on S. agalactiae gr. B with respect of antimicrobial sensitivity, biochemical reactions and bio typing. S. agalactiae

gr. B strain was used in this experiment bearing the American Type Culture Collection (ATCC 12386) number

and stored according to the recommended storage protocol. The revived and lyophilized state of ATCC strains

of S. agalactiae gr. B were selected for the study. Gr. I was considered as control. Both revived (Group; Gr. II)

and lyophilized (Gr. III) strains of S. agalactiae gr. B were subjected to Mr. Trivedi's bioeld treatment. Gr. II was

assessed on day 5 and day 10 while Gr. III on day 10 with respect to the control (Gr. I) using MicroScan Walk-Away®

system. Although bioeld treatment did not show any change with respect to susceptibility pattern. However the

minimum inhibitory concentration of S. agalactiae gr. B showed signicant (70.37%) alteration, out of twenty-seven

in lyophilized group (Gr. III) as compared to the control. Moreover, the improvement of MIC value of noroxacin was

observed by two-fold (8 to ≤4 µg/mL) in Gr. II on day 10 after bioeld energy treatment as compared to the control.

It was observed that overall 48.28% biochemical reactions, out of twenty-nine were altered in Gr. II with respect to

the control. Moreover, biotype numbers were changed in Gr. II on day 5 (777777615) and on day 10 (757677405)

as compared to the control (237147047). The results suggest that bioeld treatment has signicant impact on S.

agalactiae gr. B in revived treated cells (Gr. II) with respect to MIC values, biochemical reactions pattern and biotype

Effect of Biofield Energy Treatment on

Mahendra Kumar Trivedi1 , Alice Branton1 , Dahryn Trivedi1, Gopal Nayak1, Harish Shettigar1, Sambhu Charan Mondal2 and Snehasis Jana2*

1Trivedi Global Inc., 10624 S Eastern Avenue Suite A-969, Henderson, NV 89052, USA

2Trivedi Science Research Laboratory Pvt. Ltd., Hall-A, Chinar Mega Mall, Chinar Fortune City, Madhya Pradesh, India

Minimum inhibitory concentration; Biochemical reaction; Biotype

Abbreviations: CLSI: Clinical and laboratory standards institute;

GBS: Group B Streptococci; CAMP: Christie-Atkins-Munch-Petersen;

CDC: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; ACOG: American

College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists; AAP: American Academy

of Pediatrics; MIC: Minimum inhibitory concentration; ATCC:

American Type Culture Collection; PBPC 20: Positive Breakpoint

Group B Streptococci (GBS), or Streptococcus agalactiae group B,

are Gram-positive, non-spore forming, non-motile, β-hemolytic and

chain-forming cocci bacteria. It is mainly inhabitant in human gut ora

and female urogenital tract [1]. Pregnant women [2] and neonates [3] are

the main victim host of this organism. It can be transferred to neonates

through the birth canal and causes bacterial septicaemia and neonatal

meningitis [4]. Most of GBS, produce Christie-Atkins-Munch-Petersen

(CAMP) factor or protein B an extracellular cytolytic protein and

β-lysin from Staphyllococcus species are jointly lysed the erythrocytes

[5]. It is estimated that in US over 70,000 cases of GBS diseases

were prevented [6]. Several antibiotics such as penicillin, ampicillin,

amoxicillin, cephalosporins (all three generations), macrolides,

clindamycin and vancomycin (as alternative) have been used to treat

against GBS infections. Among above mentioned antibiotics penicillin

is the drug of choice next to cefazolin. However, it also have certain

limitations such as high minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), a

factor associated with high level of bacteremia and more concentration

of microbes in tissue, especially in cerebrospinal uid [7,8]. erefore,

some alternative treatment strategies are needed to overcome these

lacunas against β-hemolytic strain of gr. B Streptococci. Bioeld

treatment has been known as an alternative approach that may be

useful for S. agalactiae group B infected patients.

Researchers have shown that short-lived electrical events or action

potential exist in the several type of mammalian cells such as neurons,

muscles, and endocrine cells [9]. For instance, when the cells present

in central nervous system of human body communicate with each

another by means of electrical signals that propagate along the nerve

impulses. erefore, it was hypothesized that bioeld exists around

the human body and evidence was found using electromyography,

electrocardiography and electroencephalogram [10]. us, the human

body emits the electromagnetic waves in the form of bio-photons,

which surrounds the body and it is commonly known as bioeld.

erefore, the bioeld consists of electromagnetic eld, being generated

by moving electrically charged particles (ions, cell, molecule etc.) inside

the human body. Rivera-Ruiz reported that electrocardiography has

been extensively used to measure the bioeld of human body [11].

us, human has the ability to harness the energy from environment or

Universe and can transmit into any living or nonliving object(s) around

the Globe. e objects always receive the energy and responding into

useful way that is called bioeld energy and the process is known as

Citation: Trivedi MK, Branton A, Trivedi D, Nayak G, Shettigar H, et al. (2015) Effect of Bioeld Energy Treatment on Streptococcus group B: A

Postpartum Pathogen. J Microb Biochem Technol 7: 269-273. doi:10.4172/1948-5948.1000223

Volume 7(5): 269-273 (2015) - 270

ISSN: 1948-5948 JMBT, an open access journal

bioeld treatment that is also called as Trivedi eect®. Mr. Trivedi's

unique bioeld treatment has been known to transform the structural,

physical, and thermal properties of several metals in material science

[12-14], improved the overall productivity of crops [15,16], altered

characteristics features of microbes [17-19] and improved growth and

anatomical characteristics of various medicinal plants [20,21].

Due to the clinical signicance of this organism and literature

reports on bioeld treatment, the present work was undertaken to

evaluate the impact of bioeld treatment on S. agalactiae group B

in relation to antimicrobials susceptibility and bio typing based on

various biochemical characters.

S. agalactiae group B, American Type Culture Collection (ATCC

12386) strains were procured from MicroBioLogics, Inc., USA, in

two sets A and B. Two dierent sealed packs were stored with proper

storage conditions until further use. All the tested antimicrobials and

biochemicals were procured from Sigma-Aldrich, MA, USA. e

antimicrobial susceptibility, biochemical reactions and biotype number

were estimated with the help of MicroScan Walk-Away® (Dade Behring

Inc., West Sacramento, CA, USA) using Positive Breakpoint Combo 20

(PBPC 20) panel with respect to the control group.

Two ATCC samples A and B of S. agalactiae gr. Bwere grouped

(Gr.). ATCC A sample was revived and divided into two parts Gr.I

(control) and Gr.II (revived); likewise, ATCC B was labeled as Gr.III

Bioeld treatment strategy

e Gr. I remained as untreated. e treatment Gr. II and III

in sealed pack were handed over to Mr. Trivedi for bioeld energy

treatment under laboratory condition. Mr. Trivedi provided the

treatment through his energy transmission process which includes

bioenergy emission to the treated groups (Gr. II and Gr. III) without

touching the samples. Aer treatment, sample was handed over in the

same condition and stored at standard conditions as per the standard

experimental protocol. An optimum precautionary measure were taken

while evaluating the study parameters throughout the experiments.

e dierences in parameters before and aer the treatment were

noted and compared. Gr.II was assessed at two time point i.e. on day

5 and day 10, while Gr. III was assessed on day 10 for antimicrobial

susceptibility, MIC, biochemical reactions pattern, and biotyping.

Antimicrobial susceptibility test

Investigation of antimicrobial susceptibility of S. agalactiae gr. B

was carried out with the help of automated instrument, MicroScan

Walk-Away® system using PBPC 20 panel as per the clinical and

laboratory standards institute (CLSI) guidelines. e test was carried

out on MicroScan, which was miniaturized of the broth dilution

susceptibility test that has been dehydrated. Briey, the standardized

suspension of S. agalactiae gr. Bwas inoculated, rehydrated, and then

subjected to incubation for 16 hours at 35°C. e detailed experimental

procedures and conditions were followed as per the manufacturer's

instructions. e antimicrobial susceptibility pattern and MIC were

determined by observing the lowest antimicrobial concentration

showing growth inhibition [22].

Biochemical reaction studies

Biochemical reactions of S. agalactiae gr. Bwere determined using

MicroScan Walk-Away®, system with PBPC 20 panel [22]. Biochemicals

used in the study were arabinose, arginine, bacillosamine, bile

esculin, β-lactamases, crystal violet, hemolysin, indoxyl phosphatase,

inulin, acidication lactose, mannitol, mannose, micrococcus screen,

sodium chloride, nitrate, novobiocin, optochin, p-nitro phenyl β-D-

glucuronide, p -nitro phenyl β-D-galactopyranoside, phosphatase,

pyruvate, pyrolidonyl arylamidase, ranose, rambose, sorbitol,

thymidine free growth, acidication trehalose, urea, and Voges-

Identication of organism by biotype number

e biotype number of S. agalactiae gr. Bwas determined on

MicroScan Walk-Away® processed panel data report with the help of

biochemical reactions data [22].

Antimicrobial susceptibility test

e outcomes of MIC values of tested antimicrobials against S.

agalactiae gr. B aer bioeld treatment are summarized in Table 1. e

data were analyzed using automated system and compared with respect

to the control. In this experiment, twelve antibiotics were used to

investigate the susceptibility pattern on GBS viz. ampicillin, cefepime,

cefotaxime, ceriaxone, chloramphenicol, clindamycin, levooxacin,

linezolid, ooxacin, penicillin, tetracycline, and vancomycin. Out

of these, ve antibiotics showed susceptible in the control sample. It

has been evidenced from literatures that penicillin and its derivatives

are the choice of drugs against gr. B streptococcal infection [8,9].

However, bioeld treatment did not show any alteration with respect

to susceptibility pattern in all the treated groups aer bioeld treatment

(data not shown). Besides sensitivity assay, the MIC values of tested

antimicrobials were signicantly (70.37%) altered out of twenty seven

as compared to the control. e MIC value of noroxacin was reduced

by two-fold to ≤ 4 µg/mL aer bioeld treatment in Gr. II on day 10

as compared to the control (8 µg/mL). e MIC values of cefazolin,

cephalothin, and chloramphenicol were changed from ≤ 8 to >16 µg/

mL in Gr. II on day 5 and 10 as compared to the control. e MIC values

of rifampin and synercid were changed from ≤ 1 to >2 µg/mL in Gr. II

on day 5 and 10 as compared to the control. Alteration of MIC values of

cefotaxime and ceriaxone were changed from ≤8 to 32 µg/mL in Gr.

II on day 5 and 10 as compared to the control. Moreover, MIC values

of amoxicillin/k-clavulanate and trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole

were slightly changed from ≤4/2 to >4/2 µg/mL (on day 5 and 10) and

≤2/38 to >2/38 µg/mL (on day 5) respectively in Gr. II aer bioeld

treatment as compared to the control. Antimicrobial linezolid showed

an alteration of MIC value in Gr. II on day 5 (>4 µg/mL) and on day

10 (4 µg/mL) as compared to the control. Besides this, alteration of

MIC values were observed in case of penicillin (≤ 0.03 to >8 µg/mL),

vancomycin (≤ 0.2 to >16 µg/mL), nitrofurantoin (≤ 32 to >64 µg/mL),

clindamycin (≤ 0.5 to >2 µg/mL), ampicillin (≤ 0.25 to >8 µg/mL) and

ampicillin/sulbactam (≤ 8/4 to >16/8 µg/mL) in Gr. II on day 5 and 10

as compared to the control. e MIC value of tetracycline was changed

from ≤ 4 to 8 µg/mL in Gr. II on day 10 and MIC value of oxacillin

was changed from ≤ 0.25 to >2 µg/mL (on day 5) and 2 µg/mL on day

10 in Gr. II as compared to control. Antimicrobials did not show any

change in MIC value in Gr. III as compared to the control aer bioeld

treatment. Seventeen out of twenty seven (62.96%) antimicrobials

showed alteration of MIC value in Gr. II on day 5 and 66.67% (eighteen

Citation: Trivedi MK, Branton A, Trivedi D, Nayak G, Shettigar H, et al. (2015) Effect of Bioeld Energy Treatment on Streptococcus group B: A

Postpartum Pathogen. J Microb Biochem Technol 7: 269-273. doi:10.4172/1948-5948.1000223

Volume 7(5): 269-273 (2015) - 271

ISSN: 1948-5948 JMBT, an open access journal

such as ranose (RAF) and sorbitol (SOR) showed an alteration of

biochemical reaction i.e. negative (-) to positive (+) in Gr. II on day 5

while remained negative in Gr. II on day 10 and in Gr. III as compared

e one of the key characteristic feature for GBS is complete

lysis of red blood cells and metabolization of sugars by fermentation

process. Hence, in control sample the positive reaction of hemolysin

(HEM) indicated β-hemolysis of erythrocytes and positive reaction of

acidifying lactose (LAC) indicated the production of lactic acid as bi-

product. e data was supported with literature [23]. Similarly, based

on existing literature pyrolidonyl arylamidase (PYR) has negative

reaction in group B streptococcal species while positive reaction in

group A streptococcal. Control data of PYR was well supported with

literature data [24]. However, aer bioeld treatment the negative

reaction was altered in Gr. II, assessed on day 5 as well as day 10 due to

change of enzymatic reaction.

Overall, 48.28% biochemical reactions were altered in tested

twenty-nine biochemicals with respect to the control aer bioeld

treatment. In both time points of Gr. II (day 5 and 10) 41.38% (twelve

out of twenty-nine) biochemical reactions were altered as compared

to the control. About 51.72% out of twenty-nine biochemicals, such as

arabinose (ARA), bacillosamine (BAC), β-lactamase (BL), hemolysin

(HEM), indoxyl phosphatase (IDX), inulin (INU), acidication lactose

(LAC), mannose (MNS), micrococcus screen (MS), optochin (OPT),

glycosidase (PGT), phosphatase (PHO), thymidine free growth (TFG),

acidication trehalose (TRE), and Voges-Proskauer (VP) did not

out of twenty seven) on day 10 as compared to the control aer bioeld

treatment. Eight, out of twenty seven tested antimicrobials (29.63%)

viz. cefepime, ciprooxacin, gatioxacin, imipenem, levooxacin,

moxioxacin, ooxacin and piperacillin/tazobactam did not show any

alteration of MIC values in all the treated cells of GBS as compared to

Biochemical reactions studies

Study of biochemical reactions can be utilized to identify

the enzymatic and metabolic characteristic features of microbes.

Microorganisms can be categorically dierentiated based on their

utilization of specic biochemicals as nutrients during the process of

metabolism or enzymatic reactions. e specic biochemical showed

some changes against S. agalactiae gr. Baer bioeld treatment that

are shown in Table 2. Biochemicals such as bile esculin (BE), crystal

violet (CV), mannitol (MAN), sodium chloride (NaCl), nitrate (NIT),

novobiocin (NOV), pyrolidonyl arylamidase (PYR) and urea (URE)

were changed from negative (-) to positive (+) reactions in revived

treated group (Gr. II) on day 5 and 10, but remained same i.e. negative

(-) reaction in lyophilized treated cells (Gr. III) with respective to

control. Arginine (ARG) and glycosidase (PGR) were converted

from positive (+) to negative (-) reactions in Gr. II on day 10, while

remained unchanged i.e. positive (+) on day 5 in Gr. II and in Gr. III as

compared to the control in bioeld treated S. agalactiae gr. B. Similarly,

pyruvate (PRV), and rambose (RBS) were converted from positive (+)

to negative (-) reactions on both days in Gr. II, while did not show any

change in Gr. III as compared with the control. Moreover, biochemicals

S. No.AntimicrobialType of Response

10. Ciprooxacin≤1 ≤1 ≤1 ≤1

12. Gatioxacin≤2 ≤2 ≤2 ≤2

14. Levooxacin≤2 ≤2 ≤2 ≤2

16. Moxioxacin≤2 ≤2 ≤2 ≤2

22. Piperacillin/tazobactam≤4 ≤4 ≤4 ≤4

MIC values are presented in µg/mL; Gr.: Group

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
Effect of Biofield Energy Treatment on Streptococcus group B: A Postpartum Pathogen - PdfSR.com

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
Streptococcus agalactiae group B (S. agalactiae gr. B) is widespread in nature mainly causes bacterial septicemia and neonatal meningitis. The current study was attempted to investigate the effect of biofield treatment on S. agalactiae gr. B with respect of antimicrobial sensitivity, biochemical reactions and bio typing. S. agalactiae gr.

# data[].attributes.headline
Alteration in Biotype Number of S. agalactiae gr. BThe results showed changes of biotype numbers in the biofield treated Gr. II (on day 5 and 10) and Gr. III (on day 10) without alteration of the organism.

# data[].attributes.subject
Alteration in Biotype Number of S. agalactiae gr. BThe results showed changes of biotype numbers in the biofield treated Gr. II (on day 5 and 10) and Gr. III (on day 10) without alteration of the organism.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
"Effect of Biofield Energy Treatment on Streptococcus group B: A Postpartum Pathogen" by Mahendra Kumar Trivedi

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
Streptococcus agalactiae group B (S. agalactiae gr. B) is widespread in nature mainly causes bacterial septicemia and neonatal meningitis. The current study was attempted to investigate the effect of biofield treatment on S. agalactiae gr. B with respect of antimicrobial sensitivity, biochemical reactions and bio typing. S. agalactiae gr.

# data[].attributes.headline
Effect of Human Energy Treatment on S. agalactiae gr. BRead here about the impact of human energy treatment on the Streptococcus agalactiae group B.

# data[].attributes.subject
Effect of Human Energy Treatment on S. agalactiae gr. BRead here about the impact of human energy treatment on the Streptococcus agalactiae group B.

# data[].attributes.headline
Study of Biochemical Reactions on S. agalactiae gr. BThe overall research showed that the 48.28% biochemical reactions were altered in tested twenty-nine biochemicals. Visit the link to know more.

# data[].attributes.subject
Study of Biochemical Reactions on S. agalactiae gr. BThe overall research showed that the 48.28% biochemical reactions were altered in tested twenty-nine biochemicals. Visit the link to know more.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
Effect of Biofield Energy Treatment on Streptococcus group B: A Postpartum Pathogen

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
Streptococcus agalactiae group B (S. agalactiae gr. B) is widespread in nature mainly causes bacterial septicemia and neonatal meningitis. The current study was attempted to investigate the effect of biofield treatment on S. agalactiae gr. B with

# data[].attributes.headline
Streptococcus agalactiae group B: Biofield TreatmentThe current study was attempted to investigate the effect of biofield treatment on S. agalactiae gr. B with respect to antimicrobial sensitivity, biochemical reactions, and bio typing.

# data[].attributes.subject
Streptococcus agalactiae group B: Biofield TreatmentThe current study was attempted to investigate the effect of biofield treatment on S. agalactiae gr. B with respect to antimicrobial sensitivity, biochemical reactions, and bio typing.

# data[].attributes.headline
MNE as a Chemical IntermediateVisit the link to know about how the biofield treated MNE could be more useful chemical intermediate in the organic synthesis of various pharmaceutical drugs.

# data[].attributes.subject
MNE as a Chemical IntermediateVisit the link to know about how the biofield treated MNE could be more useful chemical intermediate in the organic synthesis of various pharmaceutical drugs.

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Mendeley Supports Responsible Sharing Learn how you can share

# data[].attributes.headline
UV-VIS Spectroscopic Analysis of MNEThe present research was carried out to assess the effect of Mr. Trivedi's unique human energy treatment on the spectroscopical characterization of MNE.

# data[].attributes.subject
UV-VIS Spectroscopic Analysis of MNEThe present research was carried out to assess the effect of Mr. Trivedi's unique human energy treatment on the spectroscopical characterization of MNE.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.readable_text
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Environmental Analytical Chemistry

Trivedi et al., J Environ Anal Chem 2015, 2:5

http://dx.doi.org/10.4172/2380-2391.1000162

Research ArticleOpen Access

Volume 2 * Issue 5 * 1000162

ISSN: 2380-2391 JREAC, an open access journal

Keywords: Methyl-2-naphthyl ether; Bioeld energy; X-ray

diraction; Surface area analysis; Dierential scanning calorimetry;

ermogravimetric analysis

MNE: Methyl-2-Naphthyl Ether; NCCAM: National Center For

Complementary And Alternative Medicine; XRD: X-Ray Diraction;

DSC: Dierential Scanning Calorimetry; TGA: ermogravimetric

Analysis; DTA: Dierential ermal Analysis; DTG: Derivative

ermogravimetry; FT-IR: Fourier Transforms Infrared

Naphthalene has been described as new class of potent

antimicrobials against wide range of human pathogens. It occupies a

central place among biologically active compounds owing to its varied

and exciting antibiotic properties with less toxicity [1]. Numerous

naphthalene containing antimicrobial drugs are existing like naine,

nafacillin, terbinane, tolnaate, etc. that plays vital role against

microbial infections [2,3]. Further, the naphthalene derivatives like

naproxen, nabumetone were also studied in depth as the nonsteroidal

anti-inammatory drugs (NSAIDs). ey are mainly nonselective

inhibitor of two cyclooxygenase (COX) isoform i.e., COX-1 and COX-2

[4,5]. Moreover, the structurally relative naphthalene derivatives lower

the parathyroid level by binding to calcium receptor on the parathyroid

gland. us, it helps to regulate hyperparathyroidism especially in

kidney disease or parathyroid gland neoplasm [6]. Based on the

importance of naphthalene derivative as a main moiety for organic

synthesis of several pharmaceutical drugs, it is advantageous to nd

out the alternate approach that can enhance the physicochemical and

thermal properties of naphthalene derivative i.e., methyl-2-naphthyl

ether (MNE). Recently, an alternate treatment approach i.e.,healing

therapy or therapeutic touch, known as the bioeld energy treatment,

which was reported in several elds. e National Institute of Health/

National Center for Complementary and Alternative Medicine (NIH/

NCCAM) conceived the bioeld energy treatment in subcategory of

energy therapies (putative energy elds) [7,8]. e bioeld treatment is

Physical, Thermal, and Spectroscopic Characterization of Biofield Energy

Treated Methyl-2-Naphthyl Ether

Mahendra Kumar Trivedi1 , Alice Branton1 , Dahryn Trivedi1, Gopal Nayak1, Khemraj Bairwa2 and Snehasis Jana2*

1Trivedi Global Inc., 10624 S Eastern Avenue Suite A-969, Henderson, NV 89052, USA

2Trivedi Science Research Laboratory Pvt. Ltd., Hall-A, Chinar Mega Mall, Chinar Fortune City, Hoshangabad Rd., Bhopal- 462026, Madhya Pradesh, India

being used in healing process to reduce pain, anxiety and to promote

the overall health of human being [9,10]. Bioeld is an electromagnetic

eld that permeates and surrounds living organisms. is biologically

produced electromagnetic and subtle energy eld regulates the various

physiological and communications functions within the human

organism [11]. Researchers have attempted dierent biological studies

and eects of bioeld on various biomolecules such as proteins,

antibiotics [12], bacterial cultures [13], and conformational change in

DNA [14]. Prakash et al. reported that various scientic instruments

such as Kirlian photography, resonance eld imaging (RFI) and

polycontrast interference photography (PIP) could be extensively used

to measure the bioeld of human body [15]. us, the human has the

ability to harness the energy from the environment or Universe and

transmit it to any living or nonliving object on the Globe. e object(s)

receive the energy and respond into the useful way; this process is termed

as bioeld treatment. Mr. Trivedi's unique bioeld energy treatment is

known as e Trivedi Eect®. Recently, bioeld energy treatment has

been described as an alternative method to alter the physicochemical

and thermal properties of several metals and ceramics [16-18]. It

has also reported to alter the spectroscopic properties of various

pharmaceutical drugs like paracetamol, piroxicam, metronidazole, and

tinidazole [19,20]. Moreover, the bioeld treatment has been studied in

Methyl-2-naphthyl ether (MNE) is an organic compound and used as the primary moiety for the synthesis of

several antimicrobial and anti-inammatory agents. This study was attempted to evaluate the impact of bioeld energy

treatment on the physical, thermal, and spectroscopic properties of MNE. The study was carried out in two groups i.e.,

samples of MNE were evaluated using X-ray diffraction (XRD), surface area analyzer, differential scanning calorimetry

(DSC), thermogravimetric analysis-derivative thermogravimetric analysis (TGA-DTG), Fourier transform infrared (FT-

IR), and ultraviolet-visible (UV-Vis) spectroscopy. The XRD study exhibited the decrease in average crystallite size by

30.70%. The surface area analysis showed 5.32% decrease in surface area of the treated sample with respect to the

control. The DSC thermogram of treated MNE exhibited no signicant change in the melting temperature; however,

the latent heat of fusion was slightly increased (0.83%) after bioeld treatment as compared to the control sample.

The TGA analysis showed the onset temperature of thermal degradation at 158℃ in the control sample that was

reduced to 124℃ after bioeld treatment. The result showed about 21.52% decrease in onset temperature of thermal

degradation of treated MNE as compared to the control. Similarly, the end-set temperature of thermal degradation was

also reduced by 13.51% after bioeld treatment with respect to the control. The FT-IR and UV spectroscopic studies

did not show any changes in the wavenumber and wavelength, respectively in treated MNE with respect to the control.

Overall, the XRD, surface area and thermal analysis suggest that bioeld treatment has the impact on physical and

thermal properties of the treated MNE as compared to the control.

*Corresponding author: Snehasis Jana, Trivedi Science Research Laboratory

Pvt. Ltd., Hall-A, Chinar Mega Mall, Chinar Fortune City, Hoshangabad

Rd., Bhopal-462026 Madhya Pradesh, India, Tel: 91-755-6660006; E-mail:

Received September 07, 2015; AcceptedSeptember14, 2015; Published

Citation:Trivedi MK, Branton A, Trivedi D, Nayak G, Bairwa K, et al.(2015)

Physical, Thermal, and Spectroscopic Characterization of Bioeld Energy

Treated Methyl-2-Naphthyl Ether. J Environ Anal Chem 2: 162. doi:10.4172/2380-

Copyright: © 2015 Trivedi MK , et al . This is an open-access article distributed

under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits

unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the

original author and source are credited.

Volume 2 * Issue 5 * 1000162

ISSN: 2380-2391 JREAC, an open access journal

Treated Methyl-2-Naphthyl Ether. J Environ Anal Chem 2: 162. doi:10.4172/2380-2391.1000162

a heating rate of 5ºC/min under air atmosphere. e onset temperature

of thermal degradation and percent change intemperature at which

maximum weight loss occur in samples were obtained from DTG

For the purpose of FT-IR and UV-Vis spectroscopic

characterization, the treated sample was divided into two groups i.e., T1

and T2. Both the treated groups were then analyzed for spectroscopic

characteristics employing FT-IR and UV-Vis spectroscopy and data

were compared with the respective spectrum of control sample.

FT-IR spectroscopic characterization

e samples for FT-IR spectroscopy were prepared by crushing

into ne powder and then mixing in spectroscopic grade KBr. Finally,

the mixture was pressed into pellets with a hydraulic press and then

used for analysis. e spectra were recorded from Shimadzu's Fourier

transform infrared spectrometer (Japan) with the frequency range of

4000-500 cm-1. e analysis was done to evaluate the impact of bioeld

energy treatment at the atomic levels like force constant, dipole

moment, and bond strength in chemical structure [27].

Uv-Vis spectroscopic analysis

e samples solutions for UV spectroscopy were prepared in

methanol. UV spectra of the control and treated samples of MNE were

acquired from Shimadzu UV-2400 PC series spectrophotometer with

quartz cuvette having slit widths of 2.0 nm. e wavelength was set

between 200-400 nm for analysis. e study was carried out to evaluate

the impact of bioeld energy treatment on the energy gap of highest

occupied molecular orbital and lowest unoccupied molecular orbital

XRD diractograms of both control and treated MNE are shown

in Figure 1. e control sample exhibited the XRD peaks at 2θ equal

to 10.27º, 15.44º, 19.07º, 20.57º, 21.21º, 24.76º, 25.33º, and 28.77º.

Likewise, the XRD diractogram of treated MNE showed the XRD

peaks at 2θ equal to 10.25º, 15.30º, 19.01º, 20.55º, 21.17º, 24.67º, 25.25º,

and 28.84º. e intensity of peak was also altered aer bioeld energy

treatment as compared to the control. XRD diractograms of both the

control and treated MNE showed the intense peaks, which suggest the

crystalline nature of MNE. e decrease of XRD peaks intensity in

treated sample might be attributed to the reduction in crystallinity and

decrease in long-range order of the molecules. e crystallite size was

calculated using Scherrer formula and the results are shown in Figure

2. e average crystallite size of the control MNE was observed as 84.55

nm that was decreased up to 58.59 nm in the treated sample. e result

indicated about 30.70% decrease in average crystallite size of treated

sample with respect to the control.

e increase in internal micro strain leads to decrease the

corresponding crystallite size of the material [28]. Moreover, Zhang et al.

reported that presence of strain and increased atomic displacement from

their ideal lattice positions lead to reduction in crystallite size [29]. Hence,

it is assumed that bioeld energy treatment probably induce the internal

strain in treated MNE sample. is might be responsible for the decrease

in crystallite size of the treated MNE as compared to the control.

e surface area of control and treated samples of MNE were

several elds like agriculture research [21,22], biotechnology research

[23], and microbiology research [24,25].

Based on the published literature and outstanding impact of

bioeld energy treatment on various living and nonliving things, the

present study was aimed to evaluate the impact of Mr. Trivedi's bioeld

energy treatment on physical, thermal and spectroscopic properties of

MNE using several analytical techniques.

e Methyl-2-Naphthyl Etherwas procured from Sisco Research

Laboratories, India. e study was performed in two groups i.e.,

control and treated. e control sample was remained as untreated,

and the treated group in sealed pack was handed over to Mr. Trivedi

for bioeld energy treatment under laboratory conditions. Mr.

Trivedi provided the bioeld energy treatment to the treated group

through his unique energy transmission process without touching the

sample. Subsequently, the control and treated samples of MNE were

analyzed using several analytical techniques like X-ray diraction

(XRD), surface area analysis, dierential scanning calorimetry (DSC),

thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), Fourier transform infrared (FT-

IR), and ultraviolet-visible (UV-Vis) spectroscopy.

e XRD analysis of the control and treated MNE was carried out

on Phillips, Holland PW 1710 X-ray diractometer with nickel lter

and copper anode. e wavelength used in XRD system was 1.54056 Å.

e XRD diractograms were obtained in the form of a chart of 2θ vs.

intensity. e crystallite size (G) and percent change in crystallite size

of MNE were calculated using the following equations [26].

Crystallite size (G) = kλ/(bCosθ)

Where, Gc and Gt are average crystallite size of control and treated

powder samples respectively.

e surface area of the control and treated MNE was measured

using the Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) surface area analyzer, Smart

SORB 90. Percent change in surface area was calculated using following

%change in surface area=×100

Where, S Control and S Treated are the surface area of the control and

treated samples, respectively.

e control and treated samples of MNE were studied using a

Pyris-6 Perkin Elmer dierential scanning calorimeter on a heating

rate of 10ºC/min under air atmosphere with air ow rate of 5 mL/

min. An empty pan sealed with cover was used as a reference pan. e

melting temperature (Tm ) and latent heat of fusion (ΔH) were obtained

TGA-DTG analysis was conducted to investigate the thermal

stability of the control and treated MNE. e studies were carried out

on Mettler Toledo simultaneous TGA-DTG system. Both the control

and treated samples were heated from room temperature to 400ºC with

Volume 2 * Issue 5 * 1000162

ISSN: 2380-2391 JREAC, an open access journal

Treated Methyl-2-Naphthyl Ether. J Environ Anal Chem 2: 162. doi:10.4172/2380-2391.1000162

determined using BET surface area analyzer and data are presented

in Figure 3. e surface area of the control and treated sample was

observed as 0.4904 m2 /g and 0.4643 m2/g, respectively. e result

showed a considerable decrease in surface area i.e., 5.32% in the treated

MNE as compared to the control sample. It is assumed that bioeld

energy treatment possibly induced the disappearance of inter-particle

boundaries that may lead to the aggregation of particles and thus

increase in particle size [30]. Presumably, this increase in particle size

might lead to decrease in surface area of the treated sample.

DSC analysis was performed to determine the melting temperature

and latent heat of fusion (ΔH) of the control and treated MNE. DSC

thermograms (Figure 4) of MNE showed the melting temperature at

73.72ºC in the control and 73.66ºC in the treated sample (Table 1). e

result depicted no signicant change in melting temperature of treated

sample as compared to the control. e melting temperature of control

MNE was well supported by literature data [31]. DSC thermogram

exhibited the ΔHof 147.49 J/g in control sample and 148.72 J/g in

treated sample of MNE. e result showed about 0.83% increase in

latent heat of fusion of treated sample as compared to the control. It

is hypothesized that bioeld energy treatment may cause absorption

of energy during the phase transition from solid to liquid that might

lead to increase the latent heat of fusion of treated sample with respect

to the control. Previously, our group has reported that bioeld energy

treatment altered the value of latent heat of fusion in lead and tin

e TGA and DTG thermograms of control and treated samples of

MNE are shown in Figure 5 and data are reported in Table 1. e onset

temperature of thermal degradation was observed at 158°C and 124°C

for the control and treated samples, respectively. Whereas, the end-set

temperature of thermal degradation was found at 201°C and 178°C in

the control and treated sample, respectively. e result showed about

21.52% decrease in the onset temperature and 11.44% decrease in the

end-set temperature in treated sample with respect to the control. e

percent weight loss during thermal decomposition was 63.41% in the

control and 59.18% in the treated sample. It showed the decrease in

% weight loss during thermal decomposition aer bioeld treatment.

Based on this, it is presumed that bioeld treated MNE may be more

stable as compared to the control. e DTG thermogram exhibited the

Tmax (the temperature at which the sample lost its maximum weight) at

177.81°C in the control sample and at 153.78°C in the treated sample

of MNE. e result revealed about 13.51% decrease in Tmax of treated

sample with respect to the control. is decrease in Tmax in treated

sample might be due to increase in vaporization or volatilization [32]

of treated MNE molecules aer bioeld energy treatment. It might

be correlated with the alteration in internal energy through bioeld

energy treatment that results into earlier vaporization in treated sample

as compared to the control.

FT-IR spectroscopic analysis

FT-IR spectra of the control and treated samples of MNE (Figure

6) were inferred using the theoretically predicted wavenumber.e

aromatic =C-H stretching peak was assigned at 3007-3057 cm-1 in all

three samples i.e., the control and treated (T1 and T2). Likewise, the

-C-H (methyl) stretching was attributed to peak at 2962 cm-1 in all

three samples i.e., the control and treated (T1 and T2). e aromatic

C=C stretching of naphthyl moiety was appeared in the region of 1508-

Figure 1: XRD diffractograms of methyl-2-naphthyl ether.

Figure 2: Crystallite size of control and treated methyl-2-naphthyl ether.

Figure 3: Surface area analysis of control and treatedmethyl-2-naphthyl ether.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
Physical, Thermal, and Spectroscopic Characterization of Biofield Energy Treated Methyl-2-Naphthyl Ether - PdfSR.com

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
Methyl-2-naphthyl ether (MNE) is an organic compound and used as the primary moiety for the synthesis of several antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory agents. This study was attempted to evaluate the impact of biofield energy treatment on the physical, thermal, and spectroscopic properties of MNE. The study was carried out in two groups i.e., control and treated.

# data[].attributes.headline
MNE | FT-IR Spectroscopic CharacterizationThe FT-IR analysis was done to evaluate the impact of biofield energy treatment at the atomic levels in chemical structure. For more details, follow the link.

# data[].attributes.subject
MNE | FT-IR Spectroscopic CharacterizationThe FT-IR analysis was done to evaluate the impact of biofield energy treatment at the atomic levels in chemical structure. For more details, follow the link.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.keywords[]
methyl 2-naphthyl ether physical properties

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
"Physical, Thermal, and Spectroscopic Characterization of Biofield Energy Treated Methyl-2-Naphthyl Ether" by Mahendra Kumar Trivedi

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
Methyl-2-naphthyl ether (MNE) is an organic compound and used as the primary moiety for the synthesis of several antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory agents. This study was attempted to evaluate the impact of biofield energy treatment on the physical, thermal, and spectroscopic properties of MNE. The study was carried out in two groups i.e., control and treated.

# data[].attributes.headline
DSC Analysis of Methyl-2-Naphthyl EtherDSC analysis was performed to determine the latent heat of fusion, which results slight increase in the latent heat of fusion in the biofield treated sample. Follow the link for more details.

# data[].attributes.subject
DSC Analysis of Methyl-2-Naphthyl EtherDSC analysis was performed to determine the latent heat of fusion, which results slight increase in the latent heat of fusion in the biofield treated sample. Follow the link for more details.

# data[].attributes.headline
Methyl 2-Naphthyl Ether - TGA AnalysisTGA analysis of methyl 2-naphthyl was conducted to investigate the thermal stability of treated MNE after unique human energy treatment. Follow the link to get the more information.

# data[].attributes.subject
Methyl 2-Naphthyl Ether - TGA AnalysisTGA analysis of methyl 2-naphthyl was conducted to investigate the thermal stability of treated MNE after unique human energy treatment. Follow the link to get the more information.

# data[].attributes.headline
Surface Area Analysis of MNERead here about, how the changes occur in the surface area of MNE after the biofield energy treated sample as compare to the untreated sample.

# data[].attributes.subject
Surface Area Analysis of MNERead here about, how the changes occur in the surface area of MNE after the biofield energy treated sample as compare to the untreated sample.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
Physical, Thermal, and Spectroscopic Characterization of Biofield Energy Treated Methyl-2-Naphthyl Ether

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
Methyl-2-naphthyl ether (MNE) is an organic compound and used as the primary moiety for the synthesis of several antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory agents. This study was attempted to evaluate the impact of biofield energy treatment on the physical,

# data[].attributes.headline
XRD study of Methyl-2-Naphthyl EtherThe XRD study of MNE exhibited the decrease in average crystallite size by 30.70%, in the biofield treated sample as compare to the control sample.

# data[].attributes.subject
XRD study of Methyl-2-Naphthyl EtherThe XRD study of MNE exhibited the decrease in average crystallite size by 30.70%, in the biofield treated sample as compare to the control sample.

# data[].attributes.headline
Biofield Treatment on Methyl-2-Naphthyl EtherThis study was attempted to evaluate the impact of biofield energy treatment on the physical, thermal, and spectroscopic properties of MNE. Visit the link for further details.

# data[].attributes.subject
Biofield Treatment on Methyl-2-Naphthyl EtherThis study was attempted to evaluate the impact of biofield energy treatment on the physical, thermal, and spectroscopic properties of MNE. Visit the link for further details.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
Physical, Thermal, and Spectroscopic Characterization of Biofield Energy Treated Methyl-2-Naphthyl Ether (PDF Download Available)

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
Full-text (PDF) | Methyl-2-naphthyl ether (MNE) is an organic compound and used as the primary moiety for the synthesis of several antimicrobial and anti-inflam...

# data[].attributes.headline
The Trivedi Effect | EthanolIn a research, The Trivedi Effect had an unbelievable impact on Ethanol. The result shows a significant change in the treated sample w.r.t the control sample. Visit the link to read more about this research.

# data[].attributes.subject
The Trivedi Effect | EthanolIn a research, The Trivedi Effect had an unbelievable impact on Ethanol. The result shows a significant change in the treated sample w.r.t the control sample. Visit the link to read more about this research.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
Evaluation of Biofield Treatment on Atomic and Thermal Properties of Ethanol | Mahendra Trivedi | Alice Branton | Dahryn Trivedi | Gopal Nayak | Snehasis Jana | Academic Room

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
Ethanol is a polar organic solvent, and frequently used as a fuel in automobile industries, principally as an additive with gasoline due to its higher octane rating. It is generally produced from biomass such as corn, sugar and some other agriculture products.

# data[].attributes.headline
Evaluation of Atomic & Thermal Properties of EthanolThe present study was undertaken to evaluate the impact of energy treatment on atomic and thermal properties of Ethanol. Visit for the more details.

# data[].attributes.subject
Evaluation of Atomic & Thermal Properties of EthanolThe present study was undertaken to evaluate the impact of energy treatment on atomic and thermal properties of Ethanol. Visit for the more details.

# data[].attributes.headline
Ethanol in Automobile Industries after Biofield TreatmentAfter the Trivedi Effect, the treated Ethanol analysed with the high-energy contents and lower hygroscopic nature and it could be used as a Fuel in automobiles.

# data[].attributes.subject
Ethanol in Automobile Industries after Biofield TreatmentAfter the Trivedi Effect, the treated Ethanol analysed with the high-energy contents and lower hygroscopic nature and it could be used as a Fuel in automobiles.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
"Evaluation of Biofield Treatment on Atomic and Thermal Properties of Ethanol" by Mahendra Kumar Trivedi

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
Ethanol is a polar organic solvent, and frequently used as a fuel in automobile industries, principally as an additive with gasoline due to its higher octane rating. It is generally produced from biomass such as corn, sugar and some other agriculture products.

# data[].attributes.headline
Research on Ethanol CharacteristicsThe control and treated samples of Ethanol were characterized using GC-MS, DSC, and HPLC under the influence of alternative energy treatment. Go through the link for more information.

# data[].attributes.subject
Research on Ethanol CharacteristicsThe control and treated samples of Ethanol were characterized using GC-MS, DSC, and HPLC under the influence of alternative energy treatment. Go through the link for more information.

# data[].attributes.headline
Analysis of Ethanol by HPLCDue to the influence of unique Energy healing treatment, the result of HPLC analysis of Ethanol shows alteration in retention time in the treated sample. Follow the link for more details.

# data[].attributes.subject
Analysis of Ethanol by HPLCDue to the influence of unique Energy healing treatment, the result of HPLC analysis of Ethanol shows alteration in retention time in the treated sample. Follow the link for more details.

# data[].attributes.headline
DSC Analysis of Ethanol after Energy TreatmentIn a recent research on Ethanol, the DSC analysis results shows the increase in the latent heat of vaporization in the treated sample after biofield treatment as compare to control.

# data[].attributes.subject
DSC Analysis of Ethanol after Energy TreatmentIn a recent research on Ethanol, the DSC analysis results shows the increase in the latent heat of vaporization in the treated sample after biofield treatment as compare to control.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
Evaluation of Biofield Treatment on Atomic and Thermal Properties of Ethanol

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
Ethanol is a polar organic solvent, and frequently used as a fuel in automobile industries, principally as an additive with gasoline due to its higher octane rating. It is generally produced from biomass such as corn, sugar and some other agriculture

# data[].attributes.headline
GC-MS analysis of EthanolThe data of GC-MS analysis of Ethanol, suggest that after the biofield treatment the alteration occur in the isotopic abundance of the treated sample. Look at the link, to know more.

# data[].attributes.subject
GC-MS analysis of EthanolThe data of GC-MS analysis of Ethanol, suggest that after the biofield treatment the alteration occur in the isotopic abundance of the treated sample. Look at the link, to know more.

# data[].attributes.headline
Impact of Biofield Treatment | Properties of EthanolThe study, evaluate the impact of Mr. Trivedi's unique energy healing treatment on the properties of Ethanol. Read more about this through the given link.

# data[].attributes.subject
Impact of Biofield Treatment | Properties of EthanolThe study, evaluate the impact of Mr. Trivedi's unique energy healing treatment on the properties of Ethanol. Read more about this through the given link.

# data[].attributes.headline
Evaluation of R. Ornithinolytica’ Antimicrobial SusceptibilityIn order to improve the antimicrobial sensitivity, biofield treatment could be used as complementary and alternative treatment strategy against the multidrug-resistant strain of R. Ornithinolytica.

# data[].attributes.subject
Evaluation of R. Ornithinolytica’ Antimicrobial SusceptibilityIn order to improve the antimicrobial sensitivity, biofield treatment could be used as complementary and alternative treatment strategy against the multidrug-resistant strain of R. Ornithinolytica.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
Biofield Treatment: An Alternative Approach to Combat Multidrug-Resistant Susceptibility Pattern of Raoultella ornithinolytica

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
Raoultella ornithinolytica is belongs to the family of Enterobacteriaceae, a Gram-negative encapsulated aerobic bacillus associated with bacteremia and urinary tract infections. As biofield therapy is increasingly popular in biomedical heath care, so present study aimed to evaluate the impact of Mr. Trivedi's biofield treatment on antimicrobial sensitivity, minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), biochemical study, and biotype number of multidrug resistant strain of R.

# data[].attributes.headline
A Futuristic Treatment Strategy for MDR PathogensThe study suggest about an alternative approach to fight against the multidrug-resistant susceptibility pattern of Raoultella ornithinolytica. For more information, go through the link.

# data[].attributes.subject
A Futuristic Treatment Strategy for MDR PathogensThe study suggest about an alternative approach to fight against the multidrug-resistant susceptibility pattern of Raoultella ornithinolytica. For more information, go through the link.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
Biofield Treatment: An Alternative Approach to Combat Multidrug-Resistant Susceptibility Pattern of Raoultella ornithinolytica | Mahendra Trivedi | Shrikant Patil | Harish Shettigar | Mayank Gangwar | Snehasis Jana | Academic Room

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
Raoultella ornithinolytica is belongs to the family of Enterobacteriaceae, a Gram-negative encapsulated aerobic bacillus associated with bacteremia and urinary tract infections. As biofield therapy is increasingly popular in biomedical heath care, so present study aimed to evaluate the impact of Mr. Trivedi's biofield treatment on antimicrobial sensitivity, minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), biochemical study, and biotype number of multidrug resistant strain of R.

# data[].attributes.headline
Susceptibility Pattern | Raoultella OrnithinolyticaThe present study suggested that energy treatment has the ability to inhibit the microbial growth, by significantly decreasing the MIC values of 71% & increasing the susceptibility pattern of Raoultella ornithinolytica.

# data[].attributes.subject
Susceptibility Pattern | Raoultella OrnithinolyticaThe present study suggested that energy treatment has the ability to inhibit the microbial growth, by significantly decreasing the MIC values of 71% & increasing the susceptibility pattern of Raoultella ornithinolytica.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.keywords[]
susceptibility pattern of r. ornithinolytica

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
"Biofield Treatment: An Alternative Approach to Combat Multidrug-Resistant Susceptibility Pattern of Raoultella ornithinolytica" by Mahendra Kumar Trivedi

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
Raoultella ornithinolytica is belongs to the family of Enterobacteriaceae, a Gram-negative encapsulated aerobic bacillus associated with bacteremia and urinary tract infections. As biofield therapy is increasingly popular in biomedical heath care, so present study aimed to evaluate the impact of Mr. Trivedi's biofield treatment on antimicrobial sensitivity, minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), biochemical study, and biotype number of multidrug resistant strain of R.

# data[].attributes.headline
Biotype Number of R. OrnithinolyticaThe study concluded that, there was an alteration in biotype number of R. Ornithinolytica after the influence of biofield treatment. For more details visit the link.

# data[].attributes.subject
Biotype Number of R. OrnithinolyticaThe study concluded that, there was an alteration in biotype number of R. Ornithinolytica after the influence of biofield treatment. For more details visit the link.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.keywords[]
biofield - mahendra kumar trivedi - trivedi effect - raoultella ornithinolytica - biofield  treatment

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
Biofield Treatment: An Alternative Approach to Combat Multidru...

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
Raoultella ornithinolytica is belongs to the family of Enterobacteriaceae, a Gram-negative encapsulated aerobic bacillus associated with bacteremia and urinary tract infections. As biofield therapy is increasingly popular in biomedical heath care, so present study aimed to evaluate the impact of Mr. Trivedi's biofield treatment on antimicrobial sensitivity, minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), biochemical study, and biotype number of multidrug resistant strain of R.

# data[].attributes.headline
Biochemical Study of R. OrnithinolyticaRead here about how the biochemical study was performed on R. Ornithinolytica and shows changes in the treated sample as compare to the control sample.

# data[].attributes.subject
Biochemical Study of R. OrnithinolyticaRead here about how the biochemical study was performed on R. Ornithinolytica and shows changes in the treated sample as compare to the control sample.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
Biofield Treatment: An Alternative Approach to Combat Multidrug-Resistant Susceptibility Pattern of Raoultella ornithinolytica

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
Raoultella ornithinolytica is belongs to the family of Enterobacteriaceae, a Gram-negative encapsulated aerobic bacillus associated with bacteremia and urinary tract infections. As biofield therapy is increasingly popular in biomedical heath care, so

# data[].attributes.headline
Biofield Treatment on Raoultella OrnithinolyticaThe main aim of this research is to assess the effect of biofield treatment on susceptibility pattern of Raoultella ornithinolytica. Visit the link for further details.

# data[].attributes.subject
Biofield Treatment on Raoultella OrnithinolyticaThe main aim of this research is to assess the effect of biofield treatment on susceptibility pattern of Raoultella ornithinolytica. Visit the link for further details.

# data[].attributes.headline
Alteration in R. OrnithinolyticaIn the research, the biochemical study shows the alteration in the biochemical reaction after the biofield treatment. Follow the link to know more.

# data[].attributes.subject
Alteration in R. OrnithinolyticaIn the research, the biochemical study shows the alteration in the biochemical reaction after the biofield treatment. Follow the link to know more.

# data[].attributes.headline
Effect of Biofield Treatment on Provindencia rettgeri

# data[].attributes.subject
Effect of Biofield Treatment on Provindencia rettgeri

# data[].attributes.body
The present study revealed that biofield treatment could alter the sensitivity of antimicrobials against P. rettgeri. To know more, click on the below given link.

# data[].attributes.headline
Alternative Energy Treatment on Provindencia rettgeri

# data[].attributes.subject
Alternative Energy Treatment on Provindencia rettgeri

# data[].attributes.body
Based on the research, it is concluded that biofield treatment can prevent the emergence of absolute resistance of existing antimicrobials to P. rettgeri.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
Effect of Biofield Treatment on Phenotypic and Genotypic Characteristic of Provindencia rettgeri

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
Providencia rettgeri (P. rettgeri) is a clinically significant Gram-negative bacterium of genus Providencia, and commonly associated with hospital-acquired infection like urinary tract infection (UTI), gastroenteritis, and ocular infections. Present study was designed to evaluate the effect of biofield treatment on P. rettgeri against antimicrobial susceptibility, biochemical reaction pattern, biotype number, and 16S rDNA sequence.

# data[].attributes.body
Read here, about how Mr. Trivedi's unique human energy treatment can affect the characteristics of treated P. rettgeri as compared to untreated samples.

# data[].attributes.headline
Provindencia rettgeri | Impact of Biofield Energy

# data[].attributes.subject
Provindencia rettgeri | Impact of Biofield Energy

# data[].attributes.body
After the biofield treatment, the provindencia rettgeri samples were analysed for the change in phenotypic and genotypic characteristic. Read here to know more about it.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
Molecular Biology Effect of Biofield Treatment on Phenotypic and Genotypic Characteristic of Provindencia rettgeri

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
Providencia rettgeri (P. rettgeri) is a clinically significant Gram-negative bacterium of genus Providencia, and commonly associated with hospital-acquired infection like urinary tract infection (UTI), gastroenteritis, and ocular infections. Present study was designed to evaluate the effect of biofield treatment on P. rettgeri against antimicrobial susceptibility, biochemical reaction pattern, biotype number, and 16S rDNA sequence.

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The study was designed to evaluate the impact of biofield treatment on the phenotypic characteristics of treated sample of P. rettgeri w.r.t untreated.

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Effect of Biofield Treatment on Phenotypic and Genotypic Characteristic of Provindencia rettgeri | Mahendra Trivedi | Shrikant Patil | Harish Shettigar | Khemraj Bairwa | Snehasis Jana | Academic Room

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
Providencia rettgeri (P. rettgeri) is a clinically significant Gram-negative bacterium of genus Providencia, and commonly associated with hospital-acquired infection like urinary tract infection (UTI), gastroenteritis, and ocular infections. Present study was designed to evaluate the effect of biofield treatment on P. rettgeri against antimicrobial susceptibility, biochemical reaction pattern, biotype number, and 16S rDNA sequence.

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Evaluation of Antimicrobial Susceptibility of P. rettgeri

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Evaluation of Antimicrobial Susceptibility of P. rettgeri

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In the research, investigation of the antimicrobial sensitivity of P. rettgeri was carried out with the help of automated instrument, MicroScan WalkAway®. Get to know more, from the given below link.

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Volume 4 * Issue 2 * 1000129

ISSN: 2168-9547 MBL, an open access journal

Trivedi et al., Mol Biol 2015, 4:2

http://dx.doi.org/10.4172/2168-9547.1000129

Research ArticleOpen Access

Effect of Biofield Treatment on Phenotypic and Genotypic Characteristic

1Trivedi Global Inc., 10624 S Eastern Avenue Suite A-969, Henderson, NV 89052, USA

2Trivedi Science Research Laboratory Pvt. Ltd., Hall-A, Chinar Mega Mall, Chinar Fortune City, Hoshangabad Rd., Bhopal- 462026, Madhya Pradesh, India

commonly associated with hospital-acquired infection like urinary tract infection (UTI), gastroenteritis, and ocular

infections. Present study was designed to evaluate the effect of bioeld treatment on P. rettgeri against antimicrobial

9250) were divided into three groups: Gr.I (control), Gr.II (treatment, revived), and Gr.III (treatment, lyophilized). The

Gr.II and III were treated with Mr. Trivedi's bioeld, and then subsequently characterized for antimicrobial susceptibility,

minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), biochemical reactions, and biotype numbering. The 16S rDNA sequencing

respectively; and 53.3% of tested antimicrobials of Gr.III on day 10. MIC results showed a signicant decrease in MIC

values of 53.1, 56.3, and 56.3% antimicrobials in Gr.II on day 5, Gr.II on day 10, and Gr.III on day 10, respectively, as

compared to control. The signicant changes in biochemical reactions and biotype numbers were also observed in all

vulgaris (Accession No. DQ499636). These ndings suggest that bioeld treatment can prevent the emergence of

absolute resistance of existing antimicrobials to P. rettgeri.

Laboratory Pvt. Ltd., Hall-A, Chinar Mega Mall, Chinar Fortune City, Hoshangabad

Rd., Bhopal- 462026, Madhya Pradesh, India, Tel: +91-755-6660006; E-mail:

Citation: Trivedi MK, Patil S, Shettigar H , Bairwa K, Jana S (2015) Effect of Bioeld

Treatment on Phenotypic and Genotypic Characteristic of Provindencia rettgeri.

Copyright: © 2015 Trivedi MK, et al. This is an open-access article distributed

under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits

unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the

original author and source are credited.

Keywords: Providencia rettgeri; Bioeld treatment; Antimicrobial

susceptibility; Biotype; 16S rDNA sequencing

Presently, several microbes have been acquired the resistance

to number of antimicrobial agents that were successfully treat the

microbial infections earlier. e antimicrobial resistant microbes

whether bacteria, fungi, viruses or parasites can survive in regular

antimicrobial drugs therapy. e frequent and improper use and misuse

of antimicrobial drugs accelerate the emergence of drug-resistant

microbes, which were further spread by poor sanitary conditions and

meager infection control [1]. Antimicrobial drugs prescribed in nearly

is a clinically signicant, urease-producing, Gram-negative Bacillus

and usually found in both water and land atmospheres. It is generally

associated with opportunistic infections in humans such as traveler's

diarrhea, urinary tract infections (UTI), skin infection, gastroenteritis,

infection is common throughout the world with 6-33% of mortality

rate, which is even greater in polymicrobial infection [2,3]. Recently,

P. rettgeri has acquired antimicrobial resistance due to producing

β-lactamase enzymes [4,5]. erefore, due to the clinical signicance

of P. rettgeri, development of eective antimicrobial therapy is very

needful for human health. As such, no medication is available to cure

the resistant strain of microbe but an alternative approach known

as bioeld treatment is recently reported to alter the antimicrobial

sensitivity in dierent microorganism [6].

e law of mass-energy inter-conversion is existed in the literature

for more than 300 years, and the thought was initially reported by

Hasenohrl followed by Einstein[7,8]. However, the conversion of mass

into energy is well established, but its inversion i.e., energy into mass

has not yet proven scientically. Furthermore, the energy can exists in

several forms such as kinetic, potential, electrical, magnetic, and nuclear.

Similarly, the human nervous system consists the energy in the form

of electrical signals [9,10]. us, human has the ability to harness the

energy from environment or universe and can transmit into any leaving

or nonliving object(s) around the Globe. e objects always receive the

energy and responding into useful way that is called bioeld energy and

the process is known as bioeld treatment. Whenever these electrical

signals uctuate with time, the magnetic eld generates as per the

Ampere-Maxwell law, and cumulatively known as electromagnetic eld.

Hence, the electromagnetic eld being generated from the human body

is known as bioeld [11]. Mr. Mahendra Trivedi's bioeld treatment has

shown to transform the characteristics non-living and living things in

several elds such as material science [12-17], agriculture [18-20], and

biotechnology [21,22]. e bioeld treatment has considerably altered

the sensitivity of antimicrobials to some microbes [6,23,24].

By conceiving the challenges of antimicrobial resistance in P.

rettgeri, and advantages of bioeld treatment; this work was undertaken

to evaluate the eects of bioeld treatment on antimicrobials sensitivity,

biotype number based on various biochemical reactions, and 16S rDNA

gene sequencing of P. rettgeri.

e sample vial of P. rettgeri [American Type Culture Collection

(ATCC) 9250] was procured from MicroBioLogics, Inc., USA, and

Volume 4 * Issue 2 * 1000129

ISSN: 2168-9547 MBL, an open access journal

Citation: Trivedi MK, Patil S, Shettigar H , Bairwa K, Jana S (2015) Effect of Bioeld Treatment on Phenotypic and Genotypic Characteristic of

stored as per the suggested storage conditions until further use. e

antimicrobial susceptibility, biochemical reactions, and biotype

number were evaluated on MicroScan Walk-Away® (Dade Behring

Inc., West Sacramento, CA) using Negative Breakpoint Combo 30

(NBPC30) panel. e 16S rDNA sequencing study was carried out in

Gr. III sampleusing Ultrapure Genomic DNA Prep Kit; Cat KT 83

(Bangalore Genei, India).

e samples of P. rettgeri was divided in three groups: Gr.I

(control), Gr.II (treatment, revived), and Gr.III (treatment, lyophilized).

Subsequently, the treatment groups (Gr. II and III) were received bioeld

treatment. e treatment groups were in sealed pack and handed over

to Mr. Trivedi for bioeld treatment under laboratory condition. Mr.

Trivedi provided the treatment through his energy transmission process

to the treated groups without touching the samples. Treated samples

were assessed for antimicrobial sensitivity, biochemical reactions, and

biotyping of P. rettgeri. e assays for Gr.II were assessed on day 5 and

10, and Gr.III was assessed on day 10. e 16S rDNA gene sequencing

of P. rettgeri was also carried out.

Evaluation of antimicrobial susceptibility of P. rettgeri

out with the help of automated instrument, MicroScan Walk-

Away® using Negative Breakpoint Combo 30 (NBPC30) panel, as

per the manufacturer's instructions [25]. e minimum inhibitory

concentration (MIC) and a qualitative susceptibility like resistant

(R), intermediate (I), susceptible (S), or inducible β-lactamases (IB)

were determined by observing the lowest antimicrobial concentration

showing growth inhibition [26]. e antimicrobial sensitivity study was

carried out using following antimicrobials like amikacin, amoxicillin/

K-clavulanate, ampicillin/sulbactam, ampicillin, aztreonam,

cefazolin, cefepime, cefotaxime, cefotetan, cefoxitin, ceazidime,

cefuroxime, ceriaxone, cephalothin, chloramphenicol, ciprooxacin,

gatioxacin, gentamicin, imipenem, levooxacin, meropenem,

moxioxacin, nitrofurantoin, noroxacin, piperacillin, piperacillin/

tazobactam, tetracycline, ticarcillin, tobramycin, and trimethoprim/

sulfamethoxazole. All these antimicrobials were purchased from

e biochemical studies of P. rettgeri were performed on MicroScan

Walk-Away® [27,28]. Biochemical reactions patterns were carried out using

32 biochemicals viz. acetamide, adonitol, arabinose, arginine, cetrimide,

cephalothin, citrate, colistin, esculin hydrolysis, nitrofurantoin, glucose,

hydrogen sulde, indole, inositol, kanamycin, lysine, malonate, melibiose,

nitrate, oxidation-fermentation media, galactosidase, ornithine, oxidase,

ranose, Rhamnose, sorbitol, sucrose, tartarate, tryptophan deaminase,

tobramycin, urea, and Voges-Proskauer. All these biochemical were

procured from Sigma-Aldrich, USA.

e biotype numbers of P. rettgeri was determined by automated

MicroScan Walk-Away® processed panel data utilizing biochemical

Amplication and gene sequencing of 16S rDNA

Genomic DNA was isolated and puried from treated group of P.

rettgeri cells by using genomic purication Kit, as per the manufacturer's

instructions. e 16S rDNA gene (~1.5 kb) was amplied employing

universal primers forward 5'-AGAGTTTGATCCTGGC-3' and reverse

5'-GGTTACCTTGTTACGACTT-3'. Aer that, the amplied products

were subjected to gel electrophoresis on 1.0% agarose gel, stained with

ethidium bromide, and visualized under UV light in a gel documentation

unit (BioRad Laboratories, USA). e amplied fragment of PCR was

puried from the agarose gel by DNA Gel Extraction Kit. Sequencing of

amplied product was carried out on commercial basis from Bangalore

Genei, India. e obtained 16S rDNA sequences data were aligned

and compared with the sequences, available in Gene Bank database

of National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) using

the algorithm BLASTn program. e multiple sequence alignment/

phylogenetic tree were constructed using MEGA 3.1 soware using

neighbour joining method [29].

Evaluation of antimicrobial susceptibility

pattern and MIC of tested antimicrobials are summarized in Table 1

alteration in susceptibility of 50% and 53.3% of total antimicrobials

in Gr.II on day 5 and 10, respectively; and alteration of 53.3% of total

antimicrobials in Gr.III on 10th day, with about 2-4 folds decrease in the

MIC values of respective antimicrobials. Briey, amikacin, cefepime,

chloramphenicol, gentamicin, and tobramycin were converted from

2Amoxicillin/K-clavulanate IB IB IB IB

3 Ampicillin/SulbactamI IB IB IB

11 Ceftazidime R IB IB IB

13 CeftriaxoneIB IB IB IB

14CephalothinR IB IB IB

15 Chloramphenicol R S S S

25PiperacillinIB IB IB IB

26 Piperacillin/Tazobactam IB IB IB IB

30 Trimethoprim/Sulfamethoxazole S S S S

Gr: Group; I: Intermediate; S: Susceptible; R: Resistant; IB: Reduced Activity of

of selected antimicrobials.

Volume 4 * Issue 2 * 1000129

ISSN: 2168-9547 MBL, an open access journal

Citation: Trivedi MK, Patil S, Shettigar H , Bairwa K, Jana S (2015) Effect of Bioeld Treatment on Phenotypic and Genotypic Characteristic of

resistant (control) to susceptible in treated groups (Gr.II and Gr.III in

all assessment). Similarly, cefotetan, cefoxitin, ceazidime, cefuroxime,

cefotaxime, cephalothin, and aztreonam were changed from resistant

to inducible β-lactamase in entire treated groups. e sensitivity of

ampicillin was altered from resistant to intermediate and inducible

β-lactamase in Gr.II and III, respectively on day 10. Further, the

ampicillin/sulbactam, cefazolin, and ticarcillin were converted from

intermediate to inducible β-lactamase in all the treated groups. e

MIC of all the above-mentioned antimicrobials were decreased about

2-folds except the ticarcillin and cefotaxime that showed about 4-folds

decrease in MIC value.

Organism identication by biochemical reactions

revealed an alteration in biochemical reaction pattern as 12.1% of total

biochemicals in Gr.II on day 5 and 10, and 48.5% of total biochemicals

in Gr.III on day 10. Briey, the cephalothin, kanamycin, and tobramycin

biochemical reactions were converted from positive to negative reaction

in entire treated groups (Gr.II on day 5 and 10 and Gr.III on day 10).

Biochemicals such as arabinose, hydrogen sulde, lysine, malonate,

melibiose, galactosidase, ornithine, ranose, Rhamnose, sorbitol,

sucrose, and Voges-Proskauer were changed from positive to negative

reaction only in Gr.III on day 10 with respect to control. Further,

tartarate was converted from negative to positive reaction in Gr.II on

day 5 only, and tryptophan was converted from negative to positive in

Gr.II and Gr.III on day 10, as compared to control.

Eect of bioeld treatment on biotype number

e biotype numbers of P. rettgeri was determined on MicroScan

Walk-Away® processed panel, using biochemical reaction data. e

treated groups (on all assessment day) as compared to control (Table 4).

e 16S rDNA sequence was determined in P. rettgeri. e

1Amikacin>32 ≤16 ≤16 ≤16

3 Ampicillin/Sulbactam16/8 ≤8/4 ≤8/4 ≤8/4

9Cefotetan>32 ≤16 ≤16 ≤16

13Ceftriaxone≤8 ≤8 ≤8 ≤8

16 Ciprooxacin≤1 ≤1 ≤1 ≤1

17Gatioxacin≤2 ≤2 ≤2 ≤2

20 Levooxacin≤2 ≤2 ≤2 ≤2

22 Moxioxacin≤2 ≤2 ≤2 ≤2

23 Nitrofurantoin>64 >64 >64 >64

24 Noroxacin≤4 ≤4 ≤4 ≤4

25 Piperacillin≤16 ≤16 ≤16 ≤16

26 Piperacillin/Tazobactam ≤16 ≤16 ≤16 ≤16

27 Tetracycline>8 >8 >8 >8

Sulfamethoxazole ≤2/38 ≤2/38 ≤2/38 ≤2/38

Gr: Group; MIC data are presented in µg/mL; ESBL-a, b Scrn: Extended-Spectrum

Table 2: Effect of bioeld treatment on minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of

Gr: Group; - (Negative); + (Positive)

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
Effect of Biofield Treatment on Phenotypic and Genotypic Characteristic of Provindencia rettgeri - PdfSR.com

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
Providencia rettgeri (P. rettgeri) is a clinically significant Gram-negative bacterium of genus Providencia, and commonly associated with hospital-acquired infection like urinary tract infection (UTI), gastroenteritis, and ocular infections. Present study was designed to evaluate the effect of biofield treatment on P. rettgeri against antimicrobial susceptibility, biochemical reaction pattern, biotype number, and 16S rDNA sequence.

# data[].attributes.body
The study was undertaken to evaluate the impact of human energy treatment on the P. rettgeri antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of treated sample as compared to the untreated sample.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
"Effect of Biofield Treatment on Phenotypic and Genotypic Characteristic of Provindencia rettgeri" by Mahendra Kumar Trivedi

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
Providencia rettgeri (P. rettgeri) is a clinically significant Gram-negative bacterium of genus Providencia, and commonly associated with hospital-acquired infection like urinary tract infection (UTI), gastroenteritis, and ocular infections. Present study was designed to evaluate the effect of biofield treatment on P. rettgeri against antimicrobial susceptibility, biochemical reaction pattern, biotype number, and 16S rDNA sequence.

# data[].attributes.body
P. rettgeri was commonly associated with the hospital-acquired infections. The present research was focused on the concept of energy treatment &amp; its impact on the characteristics of Providencia Rettgeri. Follow the link for more information.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.keywords[]
biofield - biofield treatment - mahendra kumar trivedi - mahendra trivedi - trivedi effect - antimicrobial susceptibility - providencia rettgeri

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
Effect of Biofield Treatment on Phenotypic and Genotypic Chara...

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
Providencia rettgeri (P. rettgeri) is a clinically significant Gram-negative bacterium of genus Providencia, and commonly associated with hospital-acquired infection like urinary tract infection (UTI), gastroenteritis, and ocular infections. Present study was designed to evaluate the effect of biofield treatment on P. rettgeri against antimicrobial susceptibility, biochemical reaction pattern, biotype number, and 16S rDNA sequence.

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Minimum Inhibitory Concentration in Treated P. rettgeri

# data[].attributes.subject
Minimum Inhibitory Concentration in Treated P. rettgeri

# data[].attributes.body
MIC results showed a significant decrease in various antimicrobials of P. rettgeri that was due to the impact from the unique alternative energy treatment.

# data[].attributes.body
The 16S rDNA sequencing was carried out to correlate the phylogenetic relationship of treated P. rettgeri with other bacterial species. Follow the link, to know more.

# data[].attributes.headline
Evaluation of Provindencia Rettgeri Biochemical Reactions

# data[].attributes.subject
Evaluation of Provindencia Rettgeri Biochemical Reactions

# data[].attributes.body
The study results shows alterations in the biochemical reactions pattern of Provindencia Rettgeri after the influence of a unique human energy treatment. Follow the link for more details.

# data[].attributes.body
Present study was designed to evaluate the effect of biofield treatment on P. rettgeri against the antimicrobial susceptibility and other biochemical characteristics. Visit the link for more details.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.readable_text
Effect of Biofield Treatment on Phenotypic and Genotypic Characteristic of Provindencia rettgeri
Mahendra Kumar Trivedi1, Shrikant Patil1, Harish Shettigar1, Khemraj Bairwa2 and Snehasis Jana2*
¹ Trivedi Global Inc., 10624 S Eastern Avenue Suite A-969, Henderson, NV 89052, USA

² Trivedi Science Research Laboratory Pvt. Ltd., Hall-A, Chinar Mega Mall, Chinar Fortune City, Hoshangabad Rd., Bhopal- 462026, Madhya Pradesh, India

*Corresponding Author:

Dr. Snehasis Jana
Trivedi Science Research Laboratory Pvt. Ltd.
Hall-A, Chinar Mega Mall, Chinar Fortune City
Hoshangabad Rd., Bhopal- 462026, Madhya Pradesh, India
Tel: +91-755-6660006
E-mail: [email protected]

Received date: July 03, 2015; Accepted date: July 20, 2015; Published date: July 27, 2015

Citation: Trivedi MK, Patil S, Shettigar H, Bairwa K, Jana S (2015) Effect of Biofield Treatment on Phenotypic and Genotypic Characteristic of Provindencia rettgeri. Mol Biol 4:129. doi:10.4172/2168-9547.1000129

Copyright: © 2015 Trivedi MK, et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.

Providencia rettgeri (P. rettgeri) is a clinically significant Gram-negative bacterium of genus Providencia, and commonly associated with hospital-acquired infection like urinary tract infection (UTI), gastroenteritis, and ocular infections. Present study was designed to evaluate the effect of biofield treatment on P. rettgeri against antimicrobial susceptibility, biochemical reaction pattern, biotype number, and 16S rDNA sequence. The samples of P. rettgeri (ATCC 9250) were divided into three groups: Gr.I (control), Gr.II (treatment, revived), and Gr.III (treatment, lyophilized). The Gr.II and III were treated with Mr. Trivedi's biofield, and then subsequently characterized for antimicrobial susceptibility, minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), biochemical reactions, and biotype numbering. The 16S rDNA sequencing was carried out to correlate the phylogenetic relationship of P. rettgeri with other bacterial species. The treated cells of P. rettgeri showed an alteration in susceptibility of about 50% and 53.3% tested antimicrobials of Gr.II on day 5 and 10, respectively; and 53.3% of tested antimicrobials of Gr.III on day 10. MIC results showed a significant decrease in MIC values of 53.1, 56.3, and 56.3% antimicrobials in Gr.II on day 5, Gr.II on day 10, and Gr.III on day 10, respectively, as compared to control. The significant changes in biochemical reactions and biotype numbers were also observed in all the treated groups of P. rettgeri. Based on nucleotides homology and phylogenetic analysis the P. rettgeri was found to be Proteus mirabilis (GenBank Accession Number: AY820623) and nearest homolog species was found to be Proteus vulgaris (Accession No. DQ499636). These findings suggest that biofield treatment can prevent the emergence of absolute resistance of existing antimicrobials to P. rettgeri.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.keywords[]
providencia rettgeri; biofield treatment; antimicrobial susceptibility; biotype; 16s rdna sequencing

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
Effect of Biofield Treatment on Phenotypic and Genotypic Characteristic of Provindencia rettgeri

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
Mahendra Kumar Trivedi1 , Shrikant Patil1 , Harish Shettigar1 , Khemraj Bairwa2 and Snehasis Jana2 * 1 Trivedi Global Inc., 10624 S Eastern Avenue Suite A-969, Henderson, NV 89052, USA 2 Trivedi Science Research Laboratory Pvt. Ltd., Hall-A, Chinar Mega Mall, Chinar Fortune City, Hoshangabad Rd., Bhopal- 462026, Madhya Pradesh, India *Corresponding Author: Dr. Snehasis Jana Trivedi Science Research Laboratory Pvt.