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Ivan Mazepa Monument in Poltava, Ukraine

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Ivan Mazepa Monument in Poltava, Ukraine

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Пам'ятник_Мазепі_у_Полтаві

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The historical events of Mazepa's life have inspired many literary and musical works:

Lord Byron – Mazeppa, poem (1818)

Aleksandr Pushkin – Poltava, poem (1828–1829)

Victor Hugo – Mazeppa, poem (1829)

Juliusz Słowacki – Mazeppa, drama (1840)

Franz Liszt – Mazeppa, symphonic poem (1851).

Pyotr Tchaikovsky – Mazeppa, opera (1881–1883)

Michael William Balfe – The Page, cantata (1861)

A Ukrainian-language film by Yuri Ilyenko loosely based on historical facts, called A Prayer for Hetman Mazepa, was released in 2002.

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According to Mazepa's contemporaries, the Treasury of Ivan Mazepa comprised jewels and gold almost a billion dollars worth. One of the famous diamonds of the Turkish Sultan Mohammed IV from his own collection weighed 90 carats. Some historians note that as Mazepa died poor, in exile, all his wealth must have been hidden in many caches.  It is not known so far where they are stored.

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'Charles XII and Mazepa at the Dnieper River after Poltava' by Gustaf Cederström

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Charles XII and Hetman Mazepa. The Battle of Poltava

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Charles XII and Hetman Mazepa. The Battle of Poltava

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Mazepa was a ruler of Ukraine for many years. Thus all historians as one say that as a ruler he wasn't noted for his gentleness. He dealt with his enemies quickly and brutally. In order to save Ukraine from Russian oppression, he even conspired with the Swedish king Charles XII.
After the defeat of Charles XII at Poltava, Mazepa had to flee to the Turkish border. Peter I tried to buy Hetman for an absolutely fantastic amount but Mazepa wasn't given up. Mazepa soon died in the Turkish fortress of Bendery.

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Coat of Arms of the Cossack Hetmanate

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One of the famous depictions of Ivan Mazepa

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One of the famous depictions of Ivan Mazepa

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1. Mazepa's year of birth still remains unknown (possible options - 1629, 1633, 1639, 1644).
2. Mazepa was fluent in Russian, Polish, Italian, German, French, Tatar and Latin.
3.  Mazepa was the richest man in Europe. A French monk helped him to develop the secret mines of gold and silver ore in Poltava region.
4. Ivan Mazepa was in love with Motria Kochubey (a daughter of Vasyl Kochubey, a  chief judge of the Cossack Hetmanate) but they never married.
5.  Ivan Mazepa was the most long-lasting Hetman - 22 years (8081 days).
6.  Mazepa's portrait is found on the 10 hryvnia (Ukrainian currency) bill.

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Ivan Mazepa (March 30th 1639 – October 2nd 1709) was the Hetman of Zaporizhian Host (Cossack Hetmanate) in 1687–1708, and is claimed to be awarded a title of Prince of the Holy Roman Empire in 1707 for his efforts for the Holy League. He was famous as a patron of the arts, and also played an important role in the Battle of Poltava where after learning of Peter I's intent to relieve him as acting Hetman of Ukraine and replace him with Aleksander Menshikov, he deserted his army and sided with Charles of Sweden. The politicisation of this desertion has held a lasting legacy in both Ukrainian and Russian national history.
The alienation of Mazepa from Ukrainian history continued during the Soviet period, but since Ukraine's independence (1991) there have been strong moves to rehabilitate Mazepa's image. Mazepa was proclaimed a national hero in Ukraine's official historiography and mainstream media because he was the first post-Pereyaslav Treaty hetman to take a stand against the Russian Tsar.

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Ivan Mazepa, realistic portrait according to latest researches.