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Flexible pyeloscopy (Retrograde Intra Renal Surgery) : Menuka 3074060

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Flexible pyeloscopy (Retrograde Intra Renal Surgery) : Menuka 3074060

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This is the medical procedure in which thin lighted telescope is introduced from outside of the body without incision. Holium laser fibre is passed through small instrument port during this process. Thus, kidney stones upto 2cm can be treated by this approach. It is advantageous as no incision is required and has high degree of success in stones treatment. Small risk of damagr to ureter (0.5%) is one of its disadvantages.

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The Bionic Eye is a formal name for a visual prosthesis which is an electric device and is used to restore a sense of vision for users. The Bionic Eye helps to treat the disease called retinitis pigmentosa that people in the age of over 40s usually suffer from. Patients with the Retinitis Pigmentosa can use the Bionic Eye as a greatest gift to get their vision back. With such technology, patients' eyes can be supported to identify objects and people in front of them, and to detect light and dark. The Bionic Eye cannot cure blindness completely, but it changes patients' life.

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Microscope

Microscope is an optical instrument having a magnifying lens or a combination of lenses for inspecting objects too small to be seen or too small to be seen distinctly and in detail by the unaided eye.

The importance of Microscopes

·Microscopes help the scientists to study the microorganisms, the cells, the crystalline structures and the molecular structures; they are one of the most important diagnostic tools when the doctors examine the tissue samples.

· Microscopes has opened up a whole new dimension in science ,  By using Microscopes scientists were able to discover the existence of the microorganisms , study the structure of cells , and see the smallest parts of plants , animals , and fungi.

·  Electron microscopes help create the very tiny electrical circuits found on Silicon microchips ,  Scanning microscopes are much more sophisticated , and they have higher magnifications than light-refracting microscopes .

·Microscopes are used to diagnosis the illness in the hospitals and the clinics all over the world, Microscopes magnify the blood samples, and so, the doctors can see the malaria parasites attacking the red blood cells.

The advantages of microscope

· Helps you to see things that you can't with just your naked eyes.

· Helps microbiologists with their work.

· Compared to other scientific means of viewing minute organisms or things, it's less expensive and readily available.

·Compared to magnifying glasses, it can have higher magnification.

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Microchips
The potential to streamline, improve, and perhaps transform the current healthcare system is huge. That's how microchip modelling clinical trials came into use because there was an open opportunity and a need to innovate on the way clinical trials are conducted. Microchip modelling clinical trials aim to replace the use of animals in clinical trials to more accurately test the safety and efficacy of treatment for human patients and spare the lives of countless animals typically used in testing.These microchips are smaller than a human thumb, can reconstruct the complicated interface between organs and capillaries, which is similar to the idea of micro fabrication, the process of making structures on a micrometer scale. By eliminating animal models in certain circumstances, scientists and doctors have been able to reconstruct organs like human lungs by focusing on the use of complicated system of microchips to emulate these bodily systems. In many instances, animals pass as adequate human stand in's but in many cases they do not help drive accurate results on how human's would be affected by the same procedures, diseases and treatments. Microchips more closely resemble live tissue, cell types and realistic three-dimensional interactions occurring in the human body than do other forms of clinical testing to date.

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MRI Scan
The MRI scan is generally shaped like a large, covered box with a tunnel passing through it. A table, on which you lie, slides into the tunnel. Both ends of the scanner are open and will not close. The tunnel has lights in it and sometimes a mirror. Some of the MRI scanners have wider tunnels or are partially.

MRI scan might be the best way of showing certain problems, such as for a knee injury, the brain or spine. MRI is also often used to provide additional information to other tests, such as X-ray or ultrasound.

There are many different techniques or types of MRI scans that can be carried out. Each one offers the radiologist (specialist doctor) specific information, to best show what the problem might be. The information gained using MRI should help to diagnose the medical condition you might have.

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In mid and late twentieth Century, due to the rapid development of modern computer technology, the development of medical diagnostic technology presents a new look. In 70s the invention of B ultrasound(including ultrasound), and in the X light perspective based on the invention fo the X-CT(X-Computer Tomography) X optical computed tomography images obtained and cut a knife will almost object see section. Magnetic resonance imaging(MRI) was invented on the basis of X-CT in 80s . CT(PET)is applied to the medical field in 90s.

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Tesla's technology allows the car to keep in-lane, adjust its speed in accordance with other cars on the road, and change lanes autonomously. Autopilot-enabled cars are also capable of scanning for parking spaces and self-parking. Autopilot uses a camera, radar, a series of ultrasonic sensors and digitally controlled brakes. The 12 ultrasonic sensors are placed around the bumpers and sides of Autopilot-enabled cars, and can pick up objects up to 16 feet away. These sensors work in tandem with the front-facing radar and camera, along with a high-precision GPS.

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The 'tummy scope' Fetal StethoscopeThis professional stethoscope with a two-sided chestpeice offers high accoustic sensitivety for superior performance. A traditional bell is combined with a diaphram allowing you to switch between the two depending on your preference. The diaphram side can be used to detect sounds from within the womb such as kicks and hiccups whereas the bell shaped chestpiece can be used to detect a fetal heartbeat. this deluxe, dual head, fetal stethoscope can sometimes detect a fetal heartbeat from as early as 24 weeks.  and it is  completely safe for mom and baby. Siblings and other family members may also enjoy listening in!

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3d printing is a kind of technology which helps a lot. The reason why it's important is because it cost a little but useful to people. It make things quickly and you can decide what kind of shape you would like to make. In addition, 3d print arm is an example of this, it help hospital make models more faster, in the future, it's also necessary for us to save time, 3d printing technology also help with saving time. Moreover, this technology also become a energy-efficient technology, on the aspect of environment, less raw materials are used which means reduce waste.

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3d printing is a kind of technology which helps a lot. The reason why it's important is because it cost a little but useful to people. It make things quickly and you can decide what kind of shape you would like to make. In addition, 3d print arm is an example of this, it help hospital make models more faster, in the future, it's also necessary for us to save time, 3d printing technology also help with saving time. Moreover, this technology also become a energy-efficient technology, on the aspect of environment, less raw materials are used which means reduce waste.

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Terry 2907597

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VIEN VIEWER FLEX

VeinViewer® Flex is a highly portable vascular access imaging device that can help you find the optimal venipuncture site and avoid potential complications.

With HD imaging and Df² technology, this small VeinViewer model is the brightest and only handheld vein illuminator that provides benefits for all patients during the entire Pre-, During- and Post- vascular access procedure. It is ideal for alternate care facilities, such as surgery and blood/plasma centers, as well as home healthcare and Emergency Medical Services (EMS), VeinViewer Flex is designed for durability and maximum portability. Flex is also suited for hospital departments such as the Emergency Department and NICU where space requirements and speed of assessment demand an ultra-portable and reliable vein finder.
FUNCTIONS:
With HD imaging and exclusive Df2 (digital full field) technology, VeinViewer is the only vein illuminator that provides benefits for all patients during the entire Pre, During and Post vascular access procedure.

Projected near-infrared light is absorbed by blood and reflected by surrounding tissue. The information is captured, processed and projected digitally in real time directly onto the surface of the skin. It provides a real time accurate image of the patient’s blood pattern.

VeinViewer patented technology, using AVIN™ (Active Vascular Imaging Navigation), allows you to see blood patterns up to 15mm deep and clinically relevant veins up to 10mm. With VeinViewer clinicians can see peripheral veins, bifurcations and valves and assess in real time the refill/flushing of veins. With visualization Pre-, During- and Post-procedure, clinicians can potentially avoid complications from accidental puncture. Improving the total vascular access procedure, not just the stick.

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Da Vinci

It is robotic surgical system made by the american company Intutive surgical. it is designed to facilitate complex surgery using a minimally invasive approach, and is controlled by a surgeon from a console. The system is commonly used for prostatectomies, and increasingly for cardiac valve repair and gynecologic surgical procedures.
Robotic surgery has the following Advantages: Due to small incisions, less trauma to the body and greater surgeon precision, robotic surgery provides the following benefits over traditional open procedures including:

Shorter hospital stay.

Less blood loss.

Less pain.

Fewer complications, including less risk of infection.

Faster return to normal activities.

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CT- SCAN
A computed tomography CT- Scan is used to visualized the different parts inside our body.  It is a special x- ray for cross sectioning the image of individual's body using x- ray and computer. Sir Godfrey Hounsfield and Dr. Alan Cormack are the independent inventor of CT- scan. And they also got the noble prize in 1979 as a award.
CT- Scan machine have so many benefits. It is a quickest method, higher resolution image. CT- Scan can be done of chest,  head or brain, neck.A head or brain CT- scan is utilized to assess the different structures of the mind to search for a mass, stroke, area of bleeding, or vein abnormality. It is likewise sometimes used to look at the skull

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Robotic Check-Ups

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It is a contact lens which measures blood glucose from tears.  This technology changes we interact with things and objects in our lives. It can be used to help doctors conduct surgeries more effectively and help teach complex subject to medical students and do dissections without the formaldehyde smell.
-dhana

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Robotic check ups
Technology is a cost-effective and increasingly today technologies have created a way means to connect clinics in the vast and medically undeserved rural regions The device is a mobile cart with a two-way video screen and medical monitoring equipment, programmed to guide through the busy halls of a hospital. The aim of the technology isn't to replace human doctors, but to make it more handy for doctors to check in with their patients, and for patients to get quick access to personal physicians who aren't at the hospital.

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Test Tube Baby
This is an amazing technology which conquered the natural process of living in human being. An egg is collected from a woman's ovary and placed in a test tube to be fertilized by her husband's sperm. Once the embryo is growing normally it is placed back in the uterus. This embryo develops in mother's womb

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NEEDLE- FREE DIABETES CARE:
It is a new technology in medical field. It brings the constant need to draw blood for glucose testing, the need for daily insulin shots and the heightened risk of infection from all that poking. Continuous glucose monitors and insulin pumps are today's best options for automating most of the complicated daily process of blood sugar management – but they don't completely remove the need for skin pricks and shots. But there's new skin in this game. The technology involves a handheld electric-toothbrush-like device that removes just enough top-layer skin cells to put the patient's blood chemistry within signal range of a patch-borne biosensor. The sensor collects one reading per minute and sends the data wirelessly to a remote monitor, triggering audible alarms when levels go out of the patient's optimal range and tracking glucose levels over time.

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Google brain is the stronger technology which is deep learning research program

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There are many medical technologies which are made to help human race to survive but there are important technologies that can create a huge impact to upcoming generations in future.  Bionic eye created by inserting chip in brain, 3 Dimensional printing of body parts, Anti- Bleeding gel and cell mimicry are the future of medical technologies. Focusing on one the smallest and great technology inherited in a gel i.e. Anti-bleeding gel which creates a natural covering for a bleeding wound to stop quickly, seal and start clotting process. Moving on to another invention that can help blind people to actually see through their brain connecting a camera with cortical implant chip sending visual signals to brain can actually help people to have a technological sight. 3 Dimensional printing of body parts can help create digital prosthetic  that can enhance the abilities of a disabled person to create a normal living , so far the technology has come to build robotic  limbs that are innovative to function but not so good as human real organs but can achieve many goals by connecting the muscles of limbs with 3d printing body parts.

HARRY
2775320

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In present context medicine technology plays significant role in the medical world.In past many disease has no any treatment and not even any solutions but now, many advance and indigenous technology has been developed in the medical sector. For example, in past there is no treatment of Infertility because of this gynecological problem many family wants to have children but due lack of advance technology they suffers. However it has come up with advance technology by which women can conceive a child that is n vitro fertilization (IVF) is a complex series of procedures used to treat fertility or genetic problems and assist with the conception of a child. During IVF, mature eggs are collected (retrieved) from your ovaries and fertilized by sperm in a lab. It is very advance and important for those married couple who have infertility problem. IVF help to be parent otherwise not. its disadvantage it is not 100% successful. In some cases procedure may fail. It is highly expensive procedure. May be anyone cannot afford it.

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3D printing or additive manufacturing is a process of making three dimensional solid objects from a digital file.

The creation of a 3D printed object is achieved using additive processes. In an additive process an object is created by laying down successive layers of material until the object is created. Each of these layers can be seen as a thinly sliced horizontal cross-section of the eventual object.

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3D Bioprinting

Organovo has been in the focus because of 3D printing biomaterials for years. They announced successfully bioprinted liver tissues in 2014 and they seemed to be 4-6 years away from printing liver parts for transplantation. But first, these bioprinted livers could be finally used in the pharmaceutical industry to replace animal models when analyzing the toxicity of new drugs. If it goes through in 2016, I feel printing actual liver tissue for transplantation could become a commercial service within the next decade.

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MRI or also known as Magnetic Resonance Imaging is one of the most important medical technology. It is found by Dr. Damadian in 1977. This technology allows to take a series of images from many different angles so that doctors can examine detailed parts of the body and produced a 3-D image of that area. This allows people to examine quickly and accurately any irregularities. It uses strong magnetic fields and radio waves to produce internal images of the body. Unlike X-ray and CT scans, MRI machines produce cross sectional, 3D images of the body without using the use of radiation. Doctors often use MRI to view parts of the body that are hard to see with other imaging techniques such as x-rays, ultrasound, or computed tomography (CT) scans. MR imaging is used to diagnose many different types of diseases including heart and vascular disease, stroke, muscle and skeletal (bone) disorders and cancer.

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Ultrasound

It is a non-invasive diagnostic procedure which helps to diagnose the disease and confirm the pregnancy. It also helps to detect the any abnormalities before giving delivery to baby. There are different types of ultrasound. They are Abdominal ultrasounds, Pelvic ultrasound Imaging, Transabdominal, Transvaginal, Transrectal, Obstetric Ultrasound Imaging and Carotid and Abdominal Aorta Ultrasound Imaging. There are some advantages and disadvantages of ultrasound. It helps to detect blood flow through vessels, it is quick and painless procedure, it is allowed to use to pregnant women and it is widely available and less expensive also. However, many cancers can not be detected by ultrasound, to do this procedure stomach need to be empty and it is hard to stay without food for a long hours and sometimes it is unable to determine whether or not a mass is malignant, and a biopsy will be recommended. Hence , ultrasound is  one of the important medical technology.

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Google Brain

In Ian Pearson's book, he points out the possibility of being able to create a digital self in the future that based on neurological information. It means we can upload ourselves onto a computer and live in a digital form. As Google hired Ray Kurzweil to create the ultimate artificial intelligence controlled brain, the time of using this technology wont take too long. But, we might have been looking for the secret of immortality in the wrong places. In addition, a game called "SOMA" is the game that describe a future that everybody lives as a digital form, and character we controlled is the only human remains, this is kinda creepy, but deserves us to think carefully, do we really want to live like that?

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3D Printing
Originally used primarily in manufacturing, today's 3D printer are finding numerous applications in healthcare. Frequently used to create such items as dentures or customized casts that allow for quicker healing of broken bones, they are also being used by surgeons prior to surgery. By creating multidimensional models of the parts of a patient's body, surgeons can simulate several different scenarios prior to ever entering the operating room. This technology is already being used extensively by thoracic surgeons at the Kaiser Los Angeles Medical Center, and it's expected to find many more uses in the years ahead due to engineers being able to make 3D printers that are much smaller than today's desktop models.

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CT, or CAT scans, are special X-ray tests that produce cross-sectional images of the body using X-rays and a computer. CT scans are also referred to as computerized axial tomography. CT was developed independently by a British engineer named Sir Godfrey Hounsfield and Dr. Alan Cormack. It has become a mainstay for diagnosing medical diseases. For their work, Hounsfield and Cormack were jointly awarded the Nobel Prize in 1979.

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Test tube baby is one of the most amazing medical technology of 21st century which is also known as In vitro fertilization. In vitro fertilization is the most common and also effective assisted reproductive technology (ART) to help women become pregnant. It is also considered as a boon for those couple who are unable to give a birth to a child.The IVF procedure involves fertilizing an egg outside the body, in a laboratory dish, and then implanting it in a woman's uterus.IVF has been used since the late 1970's. On 25 July, 1978, the first test-tube baby, Louise Brown, was born. Robert Edwards and Patrick Steptoe, who were both responsible for the birth, are considered to be the pioneers of IVF.

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Medical technology is playing a significant role in our sustainable life which can save our life around the world.

Virtual Reality is one of the most innovate medical technologies. Because of the internet development, we can use this technology in our life activities such as watching movies. This technology looks like more reality. Otherwise, it is more convenient for humans because we do not have to hold the technology by hands, just like glasses. However, this may lead to the injury of our eyes. As a result, virtual reality can bring some of the benefits in our life. But we have to use it properly.

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Test tube baby (IVF )
In Vitro Fertilization IVF  is a process by which an egg is fertilized by sperm outside the body. IVF techniques can be used in different types of situations. It is a technique of assisted reproductive technology for treatment of infertility. IVF techniques are also employed in gestational surrogacy in which case the fertilized egg is implanted into a surrogate's uterus, and the resulting child is genetically unrelated to the surrogate who is popularly called surrogate mother.

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INCUBATOR
A medical technology that I found amazing is an Incubator. It is an apparatus facilitated with ventilation, a passage for fluid pipe supply to the neonates and the maintained temperature required by the neonates. It is mostly made for premature babies (born before 37th week of pregnancy). The premature babies are not fully developed to deal with their life in the outside environment. They have underdeveloped lungs, digestive system, immune system and skin. So, to help them survive and adjust in the outside world they are kept inside the incubator.

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This digital contact lens can be used to measure blood glucose from tears. Moreover, the diabetes treatment and management can be changed by using this technology. It is very important as it will have a significant impact on some areas from medical education to architecture and engineering. Furthermore, medical students could be able to do dissections for long hours from any angles.

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Better medical diagnostics.
Allows to detect frequency waves that cannot be heard by humans.

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Electronic Aspirin
1. Because it can help people resulting signals stimulate the SPG nerves and block the pain-causing neurotransmitters.
2. (Redwood City, CA) is a patient-powered tool for blocking SPG signals at the first sign of a headache.

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Mechanical Ventilator
Medical technology is the revolution in the field of medicine.
Mechanical Ventilator is one of the most important and amazing invention of medical technology. When patient is in the state of dying and their lungs could not function properly then mechanical ventilator plays a vital role and act as a human lungs. It save them from dying.
The ventilator is a machine that helps to purify and supply oxygen to the patient body and make all the systems function properly..