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- Race is not a natural idea. In ancient times people did not classify people based on race, but on language religion, ethnicity, etc.

- When the United States was founded freedom was a fairly new concept but our early economy was based largely on slavery of african americans. This concept of race helped to explained why minorities were denied certain rights and freedoms that the majority often take it for granted.

- Most biological traits and genes are inherited independently. The genes for skin color have nothing to do with the genes for hair color, blood type, musical ability, etc

- Two random koreans are as likely to be as genetically different as a korean and an Italian.

- Race is still a powerful idea that gives certain advantages to certain people. Our government had created advantages to being white and it affects everyone if they are aware of it or not.

- Pretending that race doesn’t exist is not the same as creating equality. Race is more than stereotypes and individual prejudice. To combat racism, we need to identify  and remedy social policies that advantage some groups at the expense of others.

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Correct way to classify

American Indian and Alaskan Native: A person having origins in any of the original peoples of of North and South American and who maintains community and tribal identity

Asian: A person who has origins in any of the original people of of southeast asia and the indian subcontinent.

Black and African American: A person who has origins in any of the black racial groups of Africa.

Hispanic or Latino: A person that has Spanish culture or origins. Also origins in Spanish speaking countries such as Mexico Cuba, or South and Central America.

Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islanders: A person having any origin of the Pacific Islands such as Hawaii, Guam, Samoa or other pacific islands.

White: A person that has origins in the area of Europe, the Middle East or North Africa.

Even though government definitions aren’t perfect, we need some sort of classification system because we are still unequal in terms of race.

If we didn’t track race data we would never know that schools today are more segregated than they were in 1960

We all want to live in a society where people are valued for who they are inside and not by their skin color but pretending that race doesn’t matter is not the same as treating people equally.

In 2000, the census allowed people to check more than box for the race category but it was too confusing and made it difficult to collect statistics.

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1616 - Pocahontas married John Rolfe. The colonist are rivals due to religion like the protestants and the catholics. While the Indians divide their nations based on language and culture.

1680 - There are new laws that specifically separate white indentured servant from black slaves. Therefore making slavery permanent and heritable for black people. Poor whites are given more chances.

1854 - Frederick Douglass agues and challenges race scientists and is admired by everyone. He is even admired by the elite white scientists, but sadly in his obituary his success was credited to his “white blood” he had.

1859 - Darwin creates a theory called evolution that is used to put more leverage on race saying that the other minorities are not a evolved and are therefore superior to the white “race”.

1913 - A new law is put into place which prohibits “aliens” or aliens from owning land for their own.

2000 - The census now allows people to put down that they are more than one race. Therefore creating the dilema of “Multi-racial” people.

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- In the US, immigration patterns give us the wrong idea about distinct races.

If we looked at the whole world we would notice that people are much more varied and different populations

sort of blend into each other.

- Africa has the greatest diversity in the world for skin color. People in the countries of Spain, Algeria, and China have similar

skin tones but yet we usually think of them as different races. South Indians have the same skin tone of most Africans but yet we still

differentiate between the two.

- Skin tone tends to correspond with latitude and sunlight not race

- The width and shape of nose is also considered a racial aspect, but west Asia and southeast Asia are different and the noses of Germans tend to

be similar to that or Norwegians.

- Not one single gene or trait distinguishes all members of one so called race from members of another. (EXAMPLE: People will light skin don't necessarily

have large heads or a narrow nose)

- Most traits are influenced by separate genes and inherited separately. Having one trait doesn't guarantee you'll have another so group race characteristics do not

exist.

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Module 5 / Me, My Race & I / Thomas Wigley

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Module 5 / Me, My Race & I / Thomas Wigley

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Split Identity

- In 1998, two-thirds of those selected for body searches at customs checkpoints were black or Latino. 97 percent of body searches reveal no contraband.

To See or Not to See

- In 1995, the average white family had over 8 times the wealth of the average nonwhite family.

- Wealth is passed down in many ways. 50-80% of one’s lifetime wealth depends on opportunities created by past generations - gifts, informal loans, a good education, and job connections.

The Elephant

- Supreme Court Justice O'Connor made the observation that, of course, this is a white country. So, if this is a white country, what does it mean if you're not white? What is your place?

How to Be an American

- America is God’s Crucible, the great Melting Pot where all the races of Europe are melting and reforming! German and Frenchmen, Irishmen, and Englishmen, Jew and Russian – into the crucible with you all!

- No one was white before he/she came to America. It took generations and a vast amount of persuasion, before this became a white country.

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On the whole, segregation is highest in the major metropolitan areas of the Midwest and Northeast and lower in the West and South.

The 2000 census shows that overall the nation's largest cities have lost large numbers of white residents to suburban and outlying areas. The urban populace is becoming increasingly Latino and Asian, with a slight increase in Black residents.

When whites relocated to the suburbs, their strong tax base and businesses followed. The result: a huge discrepancy in the quality and quantity of resources, jobs and public services in central cities and inner-ring suburbs inhabited by mostly minority populations.

People sometimes assume that certain ethnic or racial groups segregate themselves "voluntarily," but there are many factors involved. These groups often face discrimination when they try to enter established, primarily white communities. Limited job and economic opportunities, language barriers, and shared culture can also influence many groups to cluster.

As long as minorities are still barred from desirable communities and lose out on opportunities to accumulate wealth through rising property values, socioeconomic inequalities between racial groups will continue to be reinforced.

after decades of segregation, a culture of poverty has become associated with people of color - particularly African Americans.