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On September 1, 1939

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Poland was divided up between Hitler and Stalin.

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World War 2 was a battle between two groups of countries:  “Allies” and the “Axis“.

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Satisfying reasonable demands of dissatisfied powers in an effort to maintain peace and stability

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Women were mobilized to an unprecedented degree. They worked in factories and aided in keeping moral up.

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Holocaust

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The Holocaust, also known as the Shoah, was the genocide of European Jews during World War II. Between 1941 and 1945, Nazi Germany and its collaborators systematically murdered some six million Jews across German-occupied Europe, around two-thirds of Europe's Jewish population.

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German's invasion of Soviet Union on June 22, 1941.

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German's invasion of Soviet Union on June 22, 1941.

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- After Sicily fell, King Victor Emmanuel III of Italy arrested Mussolini.
- Germany surrendered when the Allies liberated Paris and crossed the Rhine River, advancing into Germany, and when Soviet Troops reoccupied the Ukraine, and movies into the Baltic states, Warsaw, Hungary, Romania, and Bulgaria.

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The group most heavily targeted by the Nazis were the Jews: 6 million Jewish people were killed during World War 2 in one of history’s most terrible events – the Holocaust.

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This battle was the successful Soviet defense of the city of Stalingrad (now Volgograd) in the U. The Battle of Stalingrad was one of the bloodiest battles in history, with combined military and civilian casualties of nearly 2 million. This monumental battle is justly considered a turning point in the war on the Eastern Front and one of the most crucial engagements of World War II.

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Hitler’s plan to unite Austria with Germany(Union) It was achieved through Annexation

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https://www.history.com/topics/world-war-ii/the-holocaust

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https://www.dosomething.org/us/facts/11-facts-about-holocaust

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Liberation of Holocaust camps at the end of WW2 by Allied troops

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Liberation of Holocaust camps at the end of WW2 by Allied troops

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The US didn’t join the war until 1941, when Japan attacked the United States– at their Naval Base at Pearl Harbor in Hawaii. On 8 December 1941 (the very next day), the US declared War on Japan and, in turn, its German allies.

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Hitler(Germany) supported Mussolini in invasion of Ethiopia. Later, both Hitler and Mussolini sent troops to Spain to help Franco in the Spanish Civil War.

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Adolf Hitler led Nazi Germany during WW2

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Adolf Hitler led Nazi Germany during WW2

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The U.S was not involved in the WW2 yet.

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The U.S was not involved in the WW2 yet.

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- The invasion of Normandy.
- The day during the Second World War when the Allies began their invasion of Europe by attacking the coast of northern France

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Around 64 million people died in World War 2

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To help prevent a shortage of food and goods necessary during World War II, the federal government began to ration everything with a strategic value. Special coupon books were issued to every man, woman, and child in the united states.

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World War II lasted from 1939 to 1945.

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Although soldiers that were sent to labour camps had no risk of death in combat, 800,000 wives were anxious. The government provided an allowance, but 1 in 10 became prostitutes.

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The main Axis countries were Germany, Italy and Japan.

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The effect that World War I had upon civilians was devastating. WWI was a war that affected civilians on a high scale. Civilians became a military target. The economic impact of WWI meant that there were shortages of all produce, most importantly food. Consequently, rationing of bread, tea, sugar and meat was introduced in 1918. Living standards plummeted, and the post-war economic state of Europe was at mid 19th century levels. During the war, 8 to 10 million soldiers were killed in battle, and 22 million were injured. This meant that nearly every family lost someone. Population losses were enormous. Propaganda at the time also gave the false impression to the public that everything was okay, when really so many people were dying. The public were finally beginning to see the reality of the war.
World War One also had a large impact upon the role of Women. With all the men at war as soldiers, Women began working for a living. This became crucial in 1915, as the munitions crisis began. Not only were women working in factories and coal mines, they were called upon to tackle yet another issue. After the German submarine blockade in 1917, Britain was unable to import goods including food. The Women's Land Army was formed in 1917. They strove to maximize the country's outcome, and to feed the nation.

Vera Brittain, the only daughter of Thomas Brittain , a wealthy paper manufacturer, and Edith Bervon , was born at Atherstone House, Newcastle-under-Lyme onDecember 29th, 1893. (Most of this is just her writing in her diary or letters.)
By the end of her first year at Somerville College she decided it was her duty to abandon her academic career to serve her country. During the summer of 1915 she worked at the Devonshire Hospital in Buxton, as a nursing assistant, tending wounded soldiers. On 28th June 1915 she wrote to Roland pointing out: "I can honestly say I love nursing, even after only two days. It is surprising how things that would be horrid or dull if one had to do them at home quite cease to be so when one is in hospital. Even dusting a ward is an inspiration. It does not make me half so tired as I thought it would either... The majority of cases are those of people who have got rheumatism resulting from wounds. Very few come straight from the trenches, it is too far, but go to another hospital first. One man in my ward had six operations before coming and is still almost helpless."

Vera applied to join the Voluntary Aid Detachment (VAD) as a nurse and in November 1915 was posted to the First London General Hospital at Camberwell. Vera found this a traumatic experience. OnNovember 7th, 1915 she wrote to Roland Leighton: "I have only one wish in life now and that is for the ending of the war. I wonder how much really all you have seen and done has changed you. Personally, after seeing some of the dreadful things I have to see here, I feel I shall never be the same person again, and wonder if, when the war does end, I shall have forgotten how to laugh... One day last week I came away from a really terrible amputation dressing I had been assisting at - it was the first after the operation - with my hands covered with blood and my mind full of a passionate fury at the wickedness of war, and I wished I had never been born."

Vera Brittain wrote in her diary: "Sometimes in the middle of the night we have to turn people out of bed and make them sleep on the floor to make room for the more seriously ill ones who have come down from the line. We have heaps of gassed cases at present: there are 10 in this ward alone. I wish those people who write so glibly about this being a holy war, and the orators who talk so much about going on no matter how long the war lasts and what it may mean, could see a case - to say nothing of 10 cases of mustard gas in its early stages - could see the poor things all burnt and blistered all over with great suppurating blisters, with blind eyes - sometimes temporally, some times permanently - all sticky and stuck together, and always fighting for breath, their voices a whisper, saying their throats are closing and they know they are going to choke."

<----Britain's portrayal of Germany. Oh, don't be so silly, Britain, we all know Germany does not consist of blood- drinking, hybrid skeletons.
Propaganda was used in World War One as in any war, the truth suffered. Propaganda ensured that the people only got to know what their governments wanted them to know. In World War One, the lengths to which governments would go to in an effort to blacken the enemy's name reached a new level. To ensure that everybody thought in the way the government wanted, all forms of information were controlled. Newspapers were expected to print what the government wanted the reader to read. One of the most infamous stories that went around was adapted the further it got from the Western Front. The story went from monks in Antwerp being forced to ring bells to celebrate the Germans occupation of the city to the monks refusing to do this and being tied to the clappers of the bells and being used as human clappers, and being killed. It was all nonsense but to the minds of the British, where the story all but ended, it seemed to encapsulate the evil of the Germans and justify why the fight was going on. The one thing that suffered in the war was the truth. There were numerous stories in Britain of German soldiers parading round Belgium towns with babies on their bayonets.

An example of a German WWI poster depicting a man protecting his home with the poster saying, "Berliners Protect Your Own Home!"

A German poster showing German soldiers declaring, "We teach you to run!" at the various personifications of countries such as Russia and France (names in German). (Germans being shown as the new P.E teachers.)

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The effect that World War I had upon civilians was devastating. WWI was a war that affected civilians on a high scale. Civilians became a military target. The economic impact of WWI meant that there were shortages of all produce, most importantly food. Consequently, rationing of bread, tea, sugar and meat was introduced in 1918.

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The 'home front' covers the activities of the civilians in a nation at war. World War II was a total war; homeland production became even more invaluable to both the Allied and Axis powers. Life on the home front during World War II was a significant part of the war effort for all participants and had a major impact on the outcome of the war. Governments became involved with new issues such as rationing, manpower allocation, home defense, evacuation in the face of air raids, and response to occupation by an enemy power. The morale and psychology of the people responded to leadership and propaganda. Typically women were mobilized to an unprecedented degree.

INF3-160 Fighting Fit in the Factory. British poster by A. R. Thomson

All of the powers used lessons from their experiences on the home front during World War I. Their success in mobilizing economic output was a major factor in supporting combat operations. Among morale-boosting activities that also benefited combat efforts, the home front engaged in a variety of scrap drives for materials crucial to the war effort such as metal, rubber, and rags. Such drives helped strengthen civilian morale and support for the war effort. Each country tried to suppress rumors, which typically were negative or defeatist.

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Japan soldiers disguised as Chinese blew up small sections of Manchuria railway
Japan owned this area, and they wanted to blame it on the Chinese to justify taking all of Manchuria

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The main Allied countries were Great Britain, the United States, France and the Soviet Union (Russia).

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By September 1932, Japan formed Manchuria into a separate state and renamed it Manchukuo

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- Japan surrender after the United State captured the islands of Iwo Jima and Okinawa and then dropped atomic Bombs on the Japanese cities of Hiroshima and Nagasaki

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Hitler and Stalin promised not to attack each other

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League of Nations sent in investigators because of worldwide protests against them, Japan withdrew from the League and US refused to recognize it

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In December 1936, Chiang ended his military efforts against communists and formed a new United front against Japan and they clashed at the south of Beijing

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- The period of political tension following WWII and ending with the fall of Communism in the Soviet Union at the end of the 1980s

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- The big three powers met again at Yalta in southern Russia in February 1945
- after Germany surrendered, the Big three agreed to divide germany into 4 zones, each for the united state, Great britain, Frances, and the Soviet union to occupy and to govern.

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Japanese army destroyed the city and massacred more than 100,00 civilians and prisoners of war
Chiang refused to surrender and moved his government upriver. Temporarily defeated, the Chinese continued to resist

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Japan demanded the right to exploit economic resources in French Indochina
US refused, it warned Japan that it would apply economic sanctions if Japan withdrew from the area and return to borders of 1931
Japan needed the materials so they decided to launch a surprise attack on US and European colonies in Southeast Asia

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Japan launched a surprise attack on U.S. and European colonies because they need resources

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Japan hoped to force Chiang to agree to join a New Order in East Asia.