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Identify thirty garden plants, fruits, trees and flowers. Photograph them and use google lens to identify and name them

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Maths

Coordinates, Geometry, decimal and fractions, algebra

Science

Chemistry - the periodic table

Physics - forces

Biology - cell theory, photosynthesis,

English

Comprehension - reading and analyzing texts for themes.

Vocabulary

Art and Design

Art History

Humanities -

history - 20th century history

geography - land formations

PE - swimming, tennis

ICT - coding and python

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Use the ohotos to illustrate the recipes, think of a story for each recipe, when finished post the google doc in this column

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Alive or Dead - Investigation into our Plants and Animals checking in on their growth and health.

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Pixilart, free online pixel drawing tool - This drawing tool allows you to make pixel art, game sprites and animated GIFs online for free.

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Jasmines first remix of the fish chomp game

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Jasmines first remix of the fish chomp game

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Aims

Create a routine for learning
Youtube video in the morning from the following selection foollowed by a short comprehension activity leading to summary paragraph in the padlet

Using google slides for a series of Science Humanities, Arts and English projects

Introduction the main subjects in the PYP
Review of G2 PYP course curriculum
Preparation for entry to G3
Base line assessment in English and Maths
Targeted English Language Speaking and listening.
English Comprehension and Creative writing.
Identify Jasmines interests and build her confidence.

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Maths -
Simple Multiplication
Simple Subtraction
Humanities - New subject
Looking at the earth - Rivers, Continents and the Earth Techtonic Plates.
Science - Spelling Test

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Daily, Weeky and Monthly tasks

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Science - Complete the work on plant cells, including examples of garden vegetables healthy and unhealthy.
Maths - Example fraction finding the common denominator followed by simple algebra
English - Comprehension exercise on the 'A long Walk to Water

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Long walk longer comprehension questions

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Long walk longer comprehension questions

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Create a new document and edit with others at the same time -- from your computer, phone or tablet. Get stuff done with or without an internet connection. Use Docs to edit Word files. Free from Google.

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A review of the G2 PYP Science curriculum

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A review of the G2 PYP Science curriculum

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Do the fireworks in a glass experiment

Describe what happened

Why do you think that happened

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Growth, Diet and the stages of life
Experiment - Cat measurement and Examination ( We will collect data about ourselves and the four cats. We will collect this over the next six months and create a graph
Mainly Size and Weight

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Heart
Lungs
Kidneys
Liver
Pancreas
Bladder
Brain
Stomach
Intestines
Uterus
Eye
Ear
Tongue
Make a slide show using Google slides on each slide find a picture and a video about the

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Create a new document and edit with others at the same time -- from your computer, phone or tablet. Get stuff done with or without an internet connection. Use Docs to edit Word files. Free from Google.

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Continents and Cultures
20 nd 21 century events and modern news

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3 34 3Find the names and lengths of the longest rivers
Which countries and continents are they in
Where do they start and end

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Tonnam rides down the Amazon with Jasmine

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Tonnam rides down the Amazon with Jasmine

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Watch slide show
Design three mask ideas
Choose one
Blow up your balloon
Cover with a light layer of vaseline
Wet the paper strips with a light coat of glue
make a layer of paper strips on the baloon
Allow to dry
Repeat

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Tonnam and Jasmines Cat adventure movie.

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Watch the presentation and choose which dinosaur you will make. We will use plasticine to make our model.

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Use these photos in your slides and to reflect on the weekends work

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English Comprehension and Creative Writing

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English Comprehension and Creative Writing

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A series of short stories to review and discuss

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A story from Southern Sudan

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Reading Harry Potter(2) The Chamber of Secret

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Reading Harry Potter(2) The Chamber of Secret

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Jasmine reading sharks, railway children, cowboys

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1. When was women's suffrage? 2. Are women's Rights equal throughout the world? 3. What did Women do to get the right to vote? 4. When did women serve in the m...

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Diapora on the life of Queen Victoria

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1. 1. Alexandrina Victoria was born on May 24, 1819. She was the daughter of Prince Edward, Duke of Kent and German Princess Victoire of SaxeCoburg. She was not an evident successor to the throne. She became Queen beause she was an only child and because her 3 uncles died with no heirs. Victoria received a secluded education, following the Kensington system under the tight supervision of her omnipresent mother.

2. 2. LORD MELBOURNE (1779-1848) Melbourne was Victoria‟s first Prime Minister and tutor until 1841. He was a Whig and developed Victoria‟s support of the party although Prince Albert would later advise her to be more apolitical. Melbourne's major act: Dissenters' Marriage Bill 1836: legalised civil marriage outside of the Church

3. 3. On October 15, 1839, Victoria proposes to Prince Alber Their Wedding was celebrated on February 10, 1840

4. 4. " I NEVER, NEVER spent such an evening!!! MY DEAREST DEAREST DEAR Albert ... his excessive love & affection gave me feelings of heavenly love & happiness I never could have hoped to have felt before! He clasped me in his arms, & we kissed each other again & again! His beauty, his sweetness & gentleness - really how can I ever be thankful enough to have such a Husband! ... to be called by names of tenderness, I have

5. 5. In 1861, Prince Albert died at only 42. His death plunged the Queen in a deep mourning. She lived secluded and started toneglect her royal duty. The people knew/saw nothing about the Queen. Rumors concerning her mental stability started to emerge, radical voices started to question the utility of the monarchy...

6. 6. John Brown, the devoted servant who devotedly accompanied the Queen during her mourning.

7. 7. On Wednesday 13th June 1842, Queen Victoria became the first reigning British monarch to travel by railway ! Victoria would continue to use the railways regularly. Victoria's use of the train helped make it popular with both the less fortunate and the priviledged classes of Britain. Inside Queen Victoria's drawing room on the Royal Train A locomotive decorated for Victoria‟s Golden Jubilee ==> "The Queen's First Trip by Railway". 1842. Illustrated London News. <==

8. 8. THE GREAT EXHIBITION 1851 The Koh-I-Noor diamond on view at the Great Exhibition

9. 9. Victoria as a dedicated mother "I don't dislike babies, though I think very young ones rather disgusting". "An ugly baby is a very nasty object - and the prettiest is frightful".

10. 10. Queen Victoria with Princess Beatrice

11. 11. Queen Victoria on Feminism (excerpt of her diary): "I am most anxious to enlist everyone who can speak or write to join in checking this mad, wicked folly of „Women‟s Rights,‟ with all its attendant horrors, on which her poor feeble sex is bent, forgetting every sense of womanly feelings and propriety. Feminists ought to get a good whipping. Were woman to „unsex‟ themselves by claiming equality with men, they would become the most hateful, heathen and disgusting of beings and would surely perish without male protection."

12. 12. A Few Satirical Cartoons : (The Queen‟s bathing machine)

13. 13. Cartoon from Punch: Disraeli prososing to exchange Victoria‟s old Crown with the a Crown embodying the Empire (you can read „India‟ on the crown held by the character on the left)

14. 14. The Queen‟s Diamond Jubilee 1897:

15. 15. The Queen‟s Funeral: On 22 January 1901, Queen Victoria died at Osborne. Her funeral was held at St George's Chapel, Windsor

16. 16. Robert Peel was a Conservative stateman was was the Queen‟s PM between 1841 and 1846. The repeal of the Corn Law didn‟t get the support of his fellow Conservatives "Albert said Sir Robert's speech had been very able, his proposal very comprehensive and excellent," Queen Victoria wrote. "He had been much cheered by the opposition but was received in complete silence by the Conservatives."

17. 17. NO PERSECUTION NO INTIMIDATION !

18. 18. William Ewart Gladstone (1809 - 1898) was a British Liberal politician. He served 4 times as PM between 1868 and 1894. Gladstone's time saw many reforms including the Disestablishment of the Church of Ireland and the introduction of secret voting as well as the Third Reform Act. Gladstone had poor relationships with the Queen who said in her diary "He always addresses me as if I were a public meeting" and Disraeli who called him " God's only mistake "

19. 19. " THE SUN NEVER SETS ON THE BRITISH EMPIRE "

20. 20. EMPRESS OF INDIA 1877 The Munshi Abdul Karim who became The Indian intendant of Victoria for 15 Years and gained her affection.

21. 21. The other side of India‟s colonization ...

22. 22. Prestige and wealth abroad, poverty at home

23. 23. Bibliographie: An illustrated history of Britain, David McDowall, Longman Queen Victoria: First Media Monarch, John Plunkett www.punch.photoshelter.com www.royal.gov.uk/ muse.jhu.edu/journals/vic/ http://www.victorianweb.org/

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Download Now Download to read offline and view in fullscreen. Diapora on the life of Queen Victoria Read more 1. Alexandrina Victoria was born on May 24, 1819. She was the daughter of Prince Edward, Duke of Kent and German Princess Victoire of SaxeCoburg. She was not an evident successor to the throne.

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1. 1. The Indus River System

2. 2. River Indus Originates Near Lake Manasarowar

3. 3. River Indus EntersIndia In Ladakh

4. 4. Zanskar and Indus river confluence, in Ladakh

5. 5. The confluence of Indus and Zaskar rivers atNimo, near Leh

6. 6. Partly frozen river Indus

7. 7. River Zaskar

8. 8. Families walking to Leh for 5 days down thefrozen Zanskar River, Ladakh, ...

9. 9. When the Zanskar river freezes in the winter, itscalled the Chadar

10. 10. Nubra Valley - Jammu and KashmirNubra river, originates from Siachin glacier

11. 11. This glacier gives rise to the Nubra River

12. 12. Nubra Valley is about 150 km northof Leh, the capital townof Ladakh, India. Local scholars saythat its original name was Ldumra(thevalley of flowers). The Shyok Rivermeets the Nubra or Siachan River toform a large valley that separates theLadakh and the Karakoram Ranges.

13. 13. Shyok River, Ladakh

14. 14. Shyok River

15. 15. Kardung La pass. The road descends fromthe pass down a spectacular gorge ...

16. 16. Shyok River in Khaplu valley,

17. 17. Gateway to Nubra..Nubra Valley is about 150 km north of Leh, the capital town ofLadakh, India. This is where Shyok River meets the Nubra orSiachan River to form a large valley that separates the Ladakhand the Karakoram Ranges.

18. 18. Both sides of the western Himalayas from Chitral inPakistan, eastward to Leh and the upper Shyok Riverin Ladakh

19. 19. Hunza River

20. 20. Heading up the Hunza River on the Karakoram

21. 21. Hunza River the silty water of which is known to have secretof longativity

22. 22. Dt on hunza river

23. 23. Snow avalanche hits the dammed Hunza River nearShishkat

24. 24. A view of the snow-covered summit of Mt Rakaposhi fromZero Point near Sikanderabad, by the banks of the Hunza

25. 25. The Indus River near Skardu, Gilgit Baltistan

26. 26. "The Indus River east of Skardu, Baltistan"

27. 27. River Indus in South Punjab, Northeast Balochistanand Gilgit Baltistan.

28. 28. Rock of Skardu on the banks of river indus, SkarduValley, Gilgit-Baltistan

29. 29. Attock Fort is on the bank of the Indus River in northernPunjab

30. 30. The Indus River at Attock, Pakistan

31. 31. Sunset at River Indus - Kund. This picture is taken in thedestination of Attock Khurd in the province of Punjab in thecountry of Pakistan.

32. 32. Satluj river flowing in Kalpa,

33. 33. Sutlej River, animportant tributary ofthe Indus River is thelongest of the fiverivers. It flows throughPunjab in northernIndia as well asPakistan. It originatesfrom the snow filledMansarovar Lake inTibet and ends inPakistani Punjab nearthe port city of Karachi

34. 34. flood in river Satluj 05 sep 2011 at Bahawalpur.

35. 35. Bhakra Nangal dam is the biggest dam in India till2011 whose construction was completed in 1963. It isa concrete dam built on Satluj River. It is situated nearthe border area between Punjab and Hemachelpardesh. It is 2nd largest in Asia and 2nd highest inIndia as well. The length of dam is about 1,700 ftwhile its height is 711 ft. Surface area of dam is168.35 km2. 10 heavy turbines are adjusted to thishydro-project which has an Installed capacity of 1,000MV to generate electricity. Water storage capacity ofdam is 9340 million cubic meter. After Indra Sagardam it is second largest water reservoir in India.

36. 36. Bhakra-Nangal Project is a joint ventureofPunjab, Himachal Pradesh and Haryana.Under this project, two dams have beenconstructed over the river Satluj. They arethe Bhakra Dam and the Nangal Dam. TheBhakra-Nangal Project is an example ofwater management on scientific lines onthe largest scale.

37. 37. Manali in Himachal Pradesh River Beas Manali

38. 38. Beas near Kangra

39. 39. Beas river and mountains as seen from VanVihar, Manali

40. 40. The River Beas... - Dera Gopipur, Himachal Pradesh

41. 41. Kullu valley & Beas river - Himachal Pradesh

42. 42. The Meandering Beas near Dharmpur Kotli

43. 43. RIVER BEAS

44. 44. The Ravi river, deep inside its gorge, 10 000 feet below,

45. 45. (Old Indian Iravati, modern Ravi): river in the Punjab, ...

46. 46. Ravi River

47. 47. Ravi river rises from the Bara Banghal ( a branch ofDhauladhar )

48. 48. River Ravi

49. 49. River Ravi at Manimahesh

50. 50. Chenab river

51. 51. Chenab River In Pakistan. The Chanab river originates in theKulu

52. 52. River Chaneb near Chiniot

53. 53. River Chenab at Pari near Damkund

54. 54. This picturesque river that emanates from the greatHimalayas flows out to Jammu & Kashmir before gushingalong to Pakistan where it gets yet another new name - theChenab.

55. 55. Jhelum River

56. 56. River Jhelum

57. 57. River Jhelum

58. 58. River Jhelum

59. 59. Flood In Indus River at Mithankot

60. 60. Sutlej River. Beas River. Shyok River. Chang Chen MoRiver; Galwan River ... At Mithankot

61. 61. Delta formedby riverIndus at theArabian Sea

62. 62. Indus delta

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Download Now Download to read offline and view in fullscreen. 1. The Indus River System 2. River Indus Originates Near Lake Manasarowar 3. River Indus EntersIndia In Ladakh 4. Zanskar and Indus river confluence, in Ladakh 5. The confluence of Indus and Zaskar rivers atNimo, near Leh 6.

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All the events are represented on the interactive timeline and can be visualized. You can review all the cause-and-effect relations of timeline

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All the events are represented on the interactive timeline and can be visualized. You can review all the cause-and-effect relations of timeline

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1. 1. Why were Motte andWhy were Motte and Bailey Castles Important?Bailey Castles Important? Learning objectiveLearning objective: to understand what a motte andto understand what a motte and bailey castle was and what their advantages andbailey castle was and what their advantages and disadvantages were.disadvantages were. Starter - Wordsearch

2. 2. The Normans built the first proper castles in England. They needed bases from which to control the countryside, and strongholds to protect them from Saxon attack. The castles had to be built in a hurry, so they were originally built of timber on an earth mound (a motte). The bailey was the living area for the soldiers. The motte and bailey castleThe motte and bailey castle Remember, William's troops were an invading force and not exactly secure in all parts of the country.

3. 3. Especially as the English did not have many castles before the Normans came along! Why castles?Why castles? When William invaded England he quickly set about building castles. The reason was simple - he knew he had nowhere near enough men to run England. So William built castles at important places - hills, rivers, towns - so that if the English tried to control the country they'd be forced to attack a castle - a bad move!

4. 4. Keep - the safest place in the castle Motte - defensive mound of earth Moat - this made it harder to reach the walls Palisade - these were made of wood and formed a fence Bailey - large walled area where the soldiers and animals lived Bridge - from the motte to the bailey Early castlesEarly castles Drawbridge - to the entrance to the bailey

5. 5. How much do you remember?How much do you remember? Which do you think are the weakest parts of the castle? Why?

6. 6. What would you do in William's position? Why the motte and bailey?Why the motte and bailey? So why did William build motte and bailey castles? To answer this question you have to think about William's problems - get inside his mind to understand what he needed. A stone castle may be better for his soldiers but will it take time to build? What is better, a wooden castle that is quick to build, or a stone castle that will take years?

7. 7. Advantages of the motte and bailey castleAdvantages of the motte and bailey castle 1. The castles were quick to build. A motte and bailey castle could be up in a few weeks! This was a huge difference compared to the years it would take to build a stone castle. 2. They protected the soldiers that William used to control the country and were easy to defend. Small numbers of Norman soldiers could hold off rebellions or attacks by being in a castle.

8. 8. Disadvantages of the motte and baileyDisadvantages of the motte and bailey castlecastle 1. The biggest weakness was the material they were made of - wood. Like the story of the Three Little Pigs, wooden buildings can be burnt down by fire. They can also be affected by rot. 2. Because the castles were not built to last, they were only a temporary solution.

9. 9. TASKS.TASKS. 1.1. Cut out and stick in picture of Motte and BaileyCut out and stick in picture of Motte and Bailey Castle.Castle. 2.2. Label the following:Label the following: Motte, Bailey, Keep, Hall, Pallisades, Moat,Motte, Bailey, Keep, Hall, Pallisades, Moat, Drawbridge, Store Huts, Stables.Drawbridge, Store Huts, Stables. 3.3. Write strengths & weaknesses of each:Write strengths & weaknesses of each: Quick to put upQuick to put up easy to repaireasy to repair wood is weakwood is weak wood can rot in rainwood can rot in rain high uphigh up not big enough to house lots of troops anot big enough to house lots of troops a motte is a man made hillmotte is a man made hill wood can burn the mottewood can burn the motte could collapsecould collapse can keep animalscan keep animals

10. 10. Extension.Extension. William needed to build castles q______. ManyWilliam needed to build castles q______. Many English people continued to rebel against theEnglish people continued to rebel against the k______.He needed to construct d______ alongk______.He needed to construct d______ along the coast and across the c_______ in order tothe coast and across the c_______ in order to protect him and his followers from the angryprotect him and his followers from the angry locals. The first castles were built of wood andlocals. The first castles were built of wood and stone, as these building resources were easy tostone, as these building resources were easy to find in f_____areas.find in f_____areas. There were two main parts of the castle. TheThere were two main parts of the castle. The _______, which was an earth mound where a_______, which was an earth mound where a small w_______fort was situated. The other partsmall w_______fort was situated. The other part was called a _________. Often, livestock, horseswas called a _________. Often, livestock, horses and soldiers families lived in this enclosure.and soldiers families lived in this enclosure. BAILEYBAILEY QUICKLYQUICKLY WOODWOOD FORESTFOREST WOODENWOODEN MOTTEMOTTE KINGKING DEFENCESDEFENCES

11. 11. Plenary: Motte and bailey: multiple-choicePlenary: Motte and bailey: multiple-choice questionsquestions

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Published on 1. Why were Motte andWhy were Motte and Bailey Castles Important?Bailey Castles Important? Learning objectiveLearning objective: to understand what a motte andto understand what a motte and bailey castle was and what their advantages andbailey castle was and what their advantages and disadvantages were.disadvantages were. Starter - Wordsearch 2.

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Directora de Network Idiomas - Formadora docente - Especialista en nuevas tecnologías en educación

1. 1. Dinosaurs

2. 2. * Millions of years ago, long before there were any people, there were dinosaurs.* The largest dinosaurs were over 30 meters long and up to 15 meters tall.* The smallest dinosaurs were about the size of a chicken!

3. 3. * Dinosaurs werereptiles and mosthatched from eggs.* No one knows forsure how dinosaurssounded, or whatcolour they were.Can you think whythis is?

4. 4. * Some dinosaurs were plant-eaters,known as herbivores.

5. 5. * Some dinosaurs were meat-eaters, known as carnivores.

6. 6. Stegosaurus* Herbivore* Very small head with a tiny brain* Large, flat, bony, triangular plates along its back* A heavy, spiked tail for protection,* Walked on four legs

7. 7. Diplodocus* Diplodocus was a long-necked giant, measuring about 27m long with a 8 m long neck and a 14m long tail.* It was one of the longest land animals ever. Its nostrils were at the top of its head and it had teeth only in the front of the jaws.* It may have used its whip-like tail for protection.

8. 8. Iguanodon* Iguanodon was a herbivore, that had a spike on each thumb.* The spike may have been used to defend itself or to help it find food.* Iguanodons probably lived in herds.* Iguanodon could run on two legs or walk on four.

9. 9. Tyrannosaurus Rex* The T-Rex was a huge carnivore* They walked on two legs and had two tiny arms* Each foot had three large toes, all with claws* T-Rex had a thin, pointed tail that helped it balance and allowed quick turns while running* T-Rex had sharp pointy teeth and massive jaws

10. 10. Triceratops* Triceratops was a herbivore* It had no teeth, but a hard beak like a parrot* Triceratops probably charged into its enemy like the modern-day rhinoceros does.* Triceratops walked on four short, strong legs

11. 11. Brachiosaurus* Brachiosaurus was a herbivore.* It was one of the tallest and largest dinosaurs. It had a long neck and a small head.* Brachiosaurus walked on four legs.* They may have lived for 100 years.* They were never eaten by another dinosaur. Can you think of a reason why?

12. 12. People were not alivewhen dinosaurs werearound, so how do youthink we know all aboutdinosaurs?

13. 13. Fossils! Lots and lots of fossils!

14. 14. Archaeologists found some dinosaur claws. They were very sharp so that the dinosaurs could killtheir prey. These claws belonged to a meat eating dinosaur.

15. 15. These are fossils of eggs laid by a Hadrosaurus.

16. 16. This painting shows baby Nothosaurs trying to escape from Ticinosucchus. Scientists think that although Nothosaurs laid their eggson land, when the babies hatched, they went back into the water and were then safe from land living dinosaurs.

17. 17. This picture shows smaller dinosaurs hiding from the Hererasaurus.

18. 18. Can you see the dinosaur that looks like a crocodile?

19. 19. What does this fossil look like?

20. 20. This is the kind of environment the dinosaurs lived in.

21. 21. Fossil of a plant

22. 22. Cockroaches were alive during the time thatdinosaurs walked the earth. They are not as big as they were then.

23. 23. * The dinosaurs all died outmillions of years ago.* We don't know why they diedout.* Some people think it wasbecause of...* Climate change* Meteorite shower* Sea level change* What do you think?

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Successfully reported this slideshow. Directora de Network Idiomas - Formadora docente - Especialista en nuevas tecnologías en educación 1. Dinosaurs 2. * Millions of years ago, long before there were any people, there were dinosaurs.* The largest dinosaurs were over 30 meters long and up to 15 meters tall.* The smallest dinosaurs were about the size of a chicken!

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Jasmine complete the Nile and Tonnam the Amazon. Write a story about a journey down the river from beginning to end

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Horrible Histories - Awful Egyptians | Compilation

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Introduction to the earths weather
Hot and Cold Air
Evaporation Experiments
Weather Systems Diagram

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Lets find out about the early Gods of the Romans, Vikings and Greeks

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The Nile

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Yangtze River civilization, especially the rice-planting culture, has far-reaching influences on East Asian civilization and even world civilization. It is the general name for the civilizations of various regions in the Yangtze River Basin. Yangtze civilization started in around 5,000 BC more than 7,000 years ago. It tops among world's ancient civilizations for the wide area and densely distributed a large amount of cultural sites.

Yangtze River civilization is also considered as one of the two sources of Chinese civilization together with Yellow River civilization. Yangtze River Valley civilization, Yellow River civilization and other ancient Chinese civilizations have influenced each other and merged together in long time, eventually forming the Chinese civilization.

Timeline of Yangtze River Civilization

Since the discovery of Yangshao Culture on the banks of Yellow River in the beginning of the 20th century, Yellow River Basin has been considered as the birthplace of Chinese civilization, for most of the Yangshao relics have appeared here. Then as time went by, Yellow River civilization was spread to surrounding areas including the Yangtze River Basin.

However, this mainstream view was subverted by the discoveries of Majiabang site in the early spring of 1959 in Nanhu Township, Jiaxing, and Hemudu site unearthed from 1973 to 1978 in Yuyao, both in the lower reaches of Yangtze River. The Luojiajiao site acknowledged in the early days of the Majiabang culture was about 7,000 years old. Hemudu culture was presumed to be from about 5,000 BC to about 3300 BC, as rice had been planted in large quantities.

The discoveries prove that Yangtze River civilization is unique, not inherited from Yellow River civilization. So far, the dogmas of "Yellow River civilization is Chinese civilization" has been overthrown gradually and people started to know Yangtze River civilization is equally important in Chinese civilization.

Read More: Yangtze Culture Evolution

Prehistoric Yangtze River Civilization

Not a few ancient Yangtze River Valley civilizations developed along the river, and the representative prehistoric ones include Liangzhu, Hemudu, Wucheng, Pengtoushan, Qujialing, Shijiahe, Daxi Cultures, etc.

Liangzhu Culture: Zhejiang, Jiangsu & Shanghai

Originating from 4,300-5,300 years ago, Liangzhu Culture covered Qiantang River Basin and Taihu Lake Area, and centered in Pingyao Town, northwest of Hangzhou, where serried sites were discovered with a large number of diverse jade wares unearthed. Marvelous pottery is another characteristic of Liangzhu Culture. Meanwhile, Liangzhu people planted kinds of rice with stone tools, and crafted wares and wove cloth with bast fibers and silk to a high level of perfection. On July 6, 2019, the Archaeological Ruins of Liangzhu City were listed as a World Heritage.

See Also: Archaeological Ruins of Liangzhu City

Hemudu Culture: East Zhejiang

Hemudu Culture is typical neolithic Yangtze River civilization with many cultural achievements. It is a matriarchal clan society, firstly unearthed in Yuyao, Ningbo, Zhejiang Province in 1973, and distributed in Ningshao Plain, the south bank of Hangzhou Bay, and Zhoushan Islands. Hemudu Culture can be dated back to 5,000-3,300 BC about 7,000 years ago, creating black pottery and pole-railing style houses, which became one of the main styles of folk house in South China later. They could also make exquisite tools with bones and plant rice.

Yangtze River Trackers

Pengtoushan Culture: North Hunan

Pengtoushan Culture is also a quite ancient Yangtze River Valley civilization. Dated to about 8,300-9,000 years ago, it is the earliest Neolithic culture in the Yangtze River Basin. Although the pottery there is rough, archaeologists found the earliest rice husks and rice grains in the world. That's to say, the middle and lower reaches of Yangtze play an extremely important role in the source and development of rice planting.

Qujialing Culture: Hubei

Qujialing Culture dated to about 3,300-2,600 BC was re-discovered in Jingshan, Hubei in 1955. According to the archaeological discoveries, Qujialing Culture can be divided into former and later periods. In the former period, people could make rough stone tools and black pottery, gray, yellow and red pottery were less. In the later period, stone tools were better. Qujialing people reared pigs and dogs, too.

Daxi Culture: Sichuan, Chongqing & Hubei

Daxi Culture is another Yangtze civilization in Neolithic Age, covering both banks along the Yangtze River from eastern Sichuan to central and southern Hubei. We can go back to about 4,400-3,300 BC to find it was a kind of civilization featured with red pottery and a small amount of colored pottery. People there, at that time, not only planted rice, but also raised pigs, dogs, chickens, cows and sheep.

See Also: Daxi Culture Heritage Site

Different Cultures Originated along the Yangtze River from West to East China

Ba-Shu Culture: Chongqing & Sichuan

Ba-Shu Culture, a kind of Yangtze River Valley civilization, consists of Ba Culture and Shu Culture, originating from Chongqing and Sichuan respectively. The two cultures merged into a whole gradually after Warring States Period (475-221 BC), combined elements of Confucianism, Taoism, Buddhism and varied local ethnic cultures. There is a close relationship with China's central plain culture, even as it maintains its own uniqueness.

Fengdu Ghost City

Sanxingdui Culture: Sichuan

Sanxingdui Culture re-distributed mainly in Sichuan province was discovered in the 20th century. It is a subgroup of earlier Shu Culture, existing in about 2,800-1,100 BC. The relics unearthed there are oddly shaped, and differ from others. The most remarkable relics are huge bronze trees and bronze statues, proving that earth worship had an important position.

See Also: Sanxingdui Museum

Chu Culture: Mainly in Hubei & Hunan

Chu Culture is the culture originating from Chu State in Spring and Autumn Period (770 - 476 BC) and Warring States Period (475 - 221 BC), a vital part of Yangtze civilization as well as the whole Chinese civilization. The literary and art achievements of Chu Culture are widely influential. In the earlier stage, Hubei and southwest Henan were the center of Chu Culture; after the mid-Spring and Autumn Period, the center moved to Hunan and Jiangxi; and in the later stage, its center was in north Anhui, north Jiangsu and southeast Henan. Chu Culture influenced Guizhou, Yunnan, Guangdong and other surrounding regions as well.

Gan Culture: Jiangxi

Bamboo Weaved Products

Gan Culture is the culture in Jiangxi, which came from Yue Culture and Wu Culture mentioned below. Under Gan Culture, unique cultural systems of porcelains, academies, poems, paintings, Confucianism, Buddhism, etc. sprung up. Since ancient time, Gan Culture nurtured a plenty of masters, such as Tao Yuanming, Wang Anshi and Ouyang Xiu. Up to modern times, the Soviet culture added a new chapter to the unfading Gan Culture.

Wu Culture: south Jiangsu & north Zhejiang

The influential region of Wu Culture is the surrounding areas of Taihu Lake, including south Jiangsu and north Zhejiang; and south Jiangsu is the birthplace and key area of Wu Culture. Based on the civilization of Wu State before Warring States Period (475-221 BC), Wu Culture developed for thousands of years and reached its peak in Ming Dynasty (1368-1644 AD). Compared with other Yangtze civilizations, Wu Culture has an obvious feature of sea transportation. The local opera, crafts, carving, painting and gardens became great characteristic features of Wu Culture.

Yue Culture: east Zhejiang

Yue Culture refers to the cultural remains left by the Yue State in Eastern Zhou Dynasty (770 - 256 BC). Centered on Kuaiji Mountain in Shaoxing in east Zhejiang and south of Hangzhou Bay, it is influenced by Hemudu Culture, Liangzhu Culture and so on. Yue Culture is mainly reflected in folk customs, arts and academic aspects. Yue people prefer to be brave and outgoing with a spirit of adventure; they admire nature.

Further Reading:
Yangtze River Crafts
Folk Customs along Yangtze Celebrities of Yangtze Area Yangtze River Legends

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How does Yangtze River civilization influence China?

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Yangtze River civilization, especially the rice-planting culture, has far-reaching influences on East Asian civilization and even world civilization. It is the general name for the civilizations of various regions in the Yangtze River Basin. Yangtze civilization started in around 5,000 BC more than 7,000 years ago.

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