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Summary: Abraham Lincoln was the leader of the Union in the Civil War, and was very dedicated to winning the war. After the attack on Fort Sumter, Abraham Lincoln called for 75,000 volunteers to save the Union, while Jefferson Davis (leader of the Confederacy) told volunteers to protect the South. Jefferson Davis was Abraham Lincoln's biggest enemy. Abraham Lincoln wanted the union to stay strong, and to never break apart. He also related the preservation of the Union to the ideals of the American Revolution. On the other hand, Jefferson Davis was a strong believer in states' rights, and he did speak of the American Revolution, but not as considerable as Abraham Lincoln. Later, the Battle of Bull Run had started. Both sides fought very hard, but ultimately the South had won this battle. Abraham Lincoln and his troops knew that after this battle they would have to work even harder to beat them. Even after a devastating loss at Bull Run, the Union started to fulfill the Anaconda Plan:
1. Blockade the South's ports and cut off its trade.
2. Gain control of the Mississippi River.
3. Capture Richmond, Virginia.
Eventually, another battle came the Battle of Antietam. Once the North and South fought, the confederacy gave up, so technically the Union won. Most people who fought in the battle counted it as no victory for each side, because it was the bloodiest day of the war. Lincoln counted Antietam a victory of the Union, so he started to take a stab at slavery. If he freed slaves, it would make people happy, and the confederacy would lose a lot of its workforce. Knowing this Lincoln got right to work to free slaves. The Emancipation Proclamation was issued on January 1st, 1863. The proclamation made slaves in all Confederate states to be free. Although there were many deaths, and wars, the North and South began to fight again, this time in Gettysburg, Pennsylvania. A day later the Confederacy was thought to win but in the end, the Union won. Soon after the victory, Lincoln decided on giving a speech "Four score and seven years ago our fathers brought forth upon this continent, a new nation, conceived in Liberty, and dedicated to the proposition that all men are created equal. Now we are engaged in a great civil war, testing whether that nation, or any nation so conceived and so dedicated, can long endure. We are met on a great battle-field of that war. We have come to dedicate a portion of that field, as a final resting place for those who here gave their lives that that nation might live. It is altogether fitting and proper that we should do this. But, in a larger sense, we can not dedicate—we can not consecrate—we can not hallow—this ground. The brave men, living and dead, who struggled here, have consecrated it, far above our poor power to add or detract. The world will little note, nor long remember what we say here, but it can never forget what they did here. It is for us the living, rather, to be dedicated here to the unfinished work which they who fought here have thus far so nobly advanced. It is rather for us to be here dedicated to the great task remaining before us—that from these honored dead we take increased devotion to that cause for which they gave the last full measure of devotion—that we here highly resolve that these dead shall not have died in vain—that this nation, under God, shall have a new birth of freedom—and that government of the people, by the people, for the people, shall not perish from the earth." In the end, the Confederacy's hard work did not pay off. The Union ended up winning the war, and Lincoln's part in leading the army paid off. Lincoln worked very hard on winning the war, and all of his efforts helped him win the war for the North! In conclusion, Abraham Lincoln tried very hard to win the war for the North, and he did! Even though some bad things happened because of the war, more good things came out of it!

Question: Did Abraham Lincoln think the North was going to win the war?

Information: TCI and Commander in Chief Abraham Lincoln and the Civil War.

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Summary: During the Civil War weapons were a necessity for both sides. From the beginning, the North was at an advantage, because the South did not have many factories to make guns and other military supplies. In the past, soldiers would use bayonets and muskets, but in time new weapons were created. These new weapons were very well equipped for shooting from a distance. The new weapons were more accurate and deadlier, than the previous weapons. These new weapons were rifles and improved cannons and artillery. In brief, weapons used in the Civil War were newer for the time and every soldier had one.

Question: Why were there not more weapon advances?

Information: TCI and Eyewitness books Civil War.

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Summary: Medicine during the Civil War took low priority, and thousands of soldiers died from infections from surgery. Luckily, many women volunteered to tend to injured soldiers during the war. Many soldiers would rather die from bullets, than die of infections. Doctors at the time did not know how to treat these infections, most doctors did not wash their hands, and worked in dirty tents. Unfortunately, hundreds of soldiers died from the infections and diseases spread. It is very sad that hundreds of soldiers lost their lives to fight in the civil war, but after some change was made. In essence, infections killed more soldiers than guns.

Question: Why didn't doctors clean their tents and wash their hands?

Information: TCI and Eyewitness books Civil War.

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Summary: Antietam was the bloodiest day of the war, with more than 2,000 deaths. In the beginning, General Robert E. Lee (Confederacy) sent his troops to Maryland. He hoped the presence of strength might make the state join the Confederacy. In September of 1862, both armies met near the Maryland town of Sharpsburg along the Antietam Creek. George B. McClellan (Union) thought that the Union won the battle at Antietam, but most people thought no one won, because so many people died. All in all, Antietam was the bloodiest day of the war, and most people thought no side won the battle.

Question: Why didn't McClellan think of Antietam as a lose because of all the people lost?

Information: TCI and History.com.