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Beijing: Capital of China and home to over 21 million people. This city spans 6,336 square meters.

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Great Wall of China, Huairou District, China

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Construction started on the wall in 220 B.C. After its completion the wall was over 5,000 miles long. Emperor Qin Shi Huang united the nation with the wall. According to National Geographic, the wall was first built with rammed earth and wood.

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The Forbidden City, Jingshan Front Street, Dongcheng, Beijing, China

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China's Forbidden city is located in Beijing and was built in the 1400's. The name is in reference to the fact that no one could enter or leave the city without the permission of the Emperor.

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The Terracotta Army was created as funeral art and buried with Emperor Qin Shi Huang. They were made to protect the Emperor in the afterlife. The army consists of 8,000 soldiers, 130 chariots with 520 horses, and 150 Calvary horses.

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China produces over 150,000 metric tons of silk annually. This is about 78% of the world's silk production. India is its closest competitor making 30,000 metric tons of silk each year.

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The Chinese New Year is a huge celebration that takes place between January 21st and February 20th. They celebrate the coming of Spring. There are parades, dances, and so much more.

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The Sweeping of the Tombs takes place on the 3rd or 4th day of April. During the festival, the Chinese people sweep the tombs of their deceased loved ones. Fresh soil is placed, incense is burned, and money is placed in a bin beside the tomb. This is to ensure their ancestors are prosperous in the afterlife.

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There are five major religions recognized in China. Those include Buddhism, Taoism, Catholicism, Islam, and Protestantism. China also recognizes many folk beliefs.

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Even though it is not technically a religion, Confucianism is still a very important belief in China's day to day life. Confucianism is regarded more as a philosophy, and is not particularly focused on spiritual concerns. It also focuses on treating others with respect and kindness.

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Lu Cuisine is light and fresh. This is a very popular choice of cuisine in China. Characterized by seafood cooking with light fresh and lively teastes.

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Cuan Cuisine has a spicy, tongue-numbing, heavily seasoned flavor. A more than generous use of garlic and chili peppers are used. Sichuan peppercorn also plays a big a big part in this type of cuisine. Peanuts, sesame paste, and ginger are big ingredients usually included in every dish.

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Yue Cuisine involves a lot of frying the food, stir-frying, stewing and braising it. Tastes feature delicacy, freshness, tenderness and crispness. It seeks to preserve the natural flavor of the food.

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Su cuisine uses a variety of food ingredients. Fresh and live aquatic products are also used. Tea leaves, bamboo, shoots, mushrooms, pears are a part of this cuisine. The flavors are light fresh and sweet. River fish/shrimps and duck are often served.

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Today, modern music is very common and the most popular. Modern music became popular in the 1980s with the rise of the Communist party

Pop is the most popular and thrives heavily.

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Chinese operas are related to the different geographic regions with distinct flavor and style:

Beijing

Cantonese

Shaoxing

Sichuan

Kunqu

Pingju

Qindiang

Luju

Exaggerated costumes and make-up are used to scare away the enemy and symbolize the character’s role, fate and emotional state.

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Many different instruments are used in Chinese Folk music.
Folk music: flutes, cymbals, gongs, drums (made of animal skin, gourds, bamboo, wood, silk, earth/clay, and stone).
Woodwinds: dizi, suona, guan, paixiao, hulusi, sheng
Percussion: paigu, luo, cymabls

Bowed string: erhu, zhonghu, banhu, jinghu, gehu

Plucked strings: guqin, yueqin, yangqin, guzheng, ruan, konghou, liuqin, pipa, zhu, sanxian

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There are 55 national minorities living and china, and each one has their own spoken language

Mandarin is the most common dialect and is used throughout northern, central, and southwestern provinces of China.

Cantonese is spoken in Hong Kong, most of Guangdong, and southern Guanxi Zhuang autonomous region.

Toisanese is another dialect used in the Northwest. It comes from rural areas of Guangdong.

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Discipline is highly valued in Chinese schools.

Enforcement varies by school. Some schools discipline their students physically by hitting, or verbally by yelling at their students. Most schools consider this unreasonable, but is still considered normal in some regions of China.

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Many Chinese classrooms adopt a list of classroom rules to follow. This is highly valued at the beginning of the school year, and a lot of time is spent on setting the expectations for students. Consequences for breaking rules can sometimes include standing in the back of the classroom. Teachers are often strict in the beginning to encourage students to follow rules. Rewards and prizes are also given to incentivize good behavior.

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A lot of China’s educational practices are based on the teachings of Confucius. The children are expected to be at school in the early hours of the morning and are expected to do schoolwork (after school tutoring, homework, etc.) until 9:00 pm, sometimes later. The Chinese firmly believe educational success comes from the effort you put in.

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The relationship between students and teachers is often called “Family Style”. This is where the head teacher becomes a parent of sorts to the students. They are there not just to teach, but to comfort and motivate. The students look up to their teachers and treat them with respect.

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China's 7 Most Significant Historical Sites You Should Visit. (n.d.). Retrieved from                                    https://www.chinahighlights.com/travelguide/article/historical-sites.htm

Chinese Silk-Silk History, Productions, and Products. (n.d.).     Retrieved from https://www.chinahighlights.com/travelguide/culture/chinese-silk.htm

Terracotta Army. (2021, October 13). Retrieved

from https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Terracotta_Army

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A Quick Guide to 4 Chinese Festivals. (2017, June 14). Retrieved from https://aaww.org/a-guide-                                           to-4-main-chinese-festivals/

Chinese Culture, Tradition, and Customs. (n.d.). Retrieved from                                                                                       http://elements.science.psu.edu/psu-pku/student-resources/resources-for-penn-state-                                    students/chinese-culture-tradition-and-customs

Practice Your Chinese Skills. (2021, June 29). Retrieved from https://studycli.org/chinese-holidays/Prac

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Brown, T. (2019, August 19). Chinese religions and Philosophies. National Geographic Society. Retrieved October 18, 2021, from https://www.nationalgeographic.org/article/chinese-religions-and-philosophies/.

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CITS. (2017). Four major cuisines in China. China International Travel Service. Retrieved October 18, 2021, from http://www.cits.net/china-travel-guide/four-major-cuisines-in-china.html.

Lin, K. (2020, April 30). Chinese language. EthnoMed. Retrieved October 18, 2021, from https://ethnomed.org/resource/chinese-language/#:~:text=The%20official%20dialect%20of%20China,and%20Kejia%20or%20Hakka%20dialect.

Meyer, E. M. (2021, September 1). Chinese music: History, instruments, types, modern music. China Educational Tours. Retrieved October 18, 2021, from https://www.chinaeducationaltours.com/guide/culture-chinese-music.htm.

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In China, children usually have 3 years of kindergarten, 6 years of primary school, 3 years of junior middle school (secondary school), 3 years of senior middle school (high school).

Gaokao: nine-hour higher education entrance exam- 40% pass rate on the first attempt.

Rural schools aren’t as developed as major metropolis cities like Biejing. School usually runs 7:30/8-5:00 PM, however students are expected to continue school work at home or tutoring until 9pm or later. They have a similar grading scale to US. Pre-primary education is not mandatory. Discipline is highly valued in these schools.

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Leung, K. (1997). Progress in Asian social psychology. Singapore: Wiley.

Liu, R., & Chiang, Y. (2019). Who is more motivated to learn? The roles of family background and teacher-student interaction in motivating student learning. The Journal of Chinese Sociology, 6(1). doi:10.1186/s40711-019-0095-z

Sang, G., Valcke, M., Braak, J. V., & Tondeur, J. (2009). Investigating teachers educational beliefs   in Chinese primary schools: Socioeconomic and geographical perspectives. Asia-Pacific            Journal of Teacher Education, 37(4), 363-377. doi:10.1080/13598660903250399

Wu, Menghan, "A COMPARATIVE RESEARCH STUDY OF STUDENT-TEACHER RELATIONSHIPS IN                          ELEMENTARY SCHOOL IN CHINA AND AMERICA" (2019). Major Papers. 82.                                                              https://scholar.uwindsor.ca/major-papers/82

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O'Shea, B. (2019, March 13). Classroom Management and discipline in China. Teach English in China - Current TEFL / ESL Teaching Jobs. Retrieved October 18, 2021, from https://goldstarteachers.com/classroom-management-and-discipline-in-china