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https://www.spokesman.com/stories/2021/aug/31/water-cooler-studying-techniques-for-the-new-schoo/

Trying to focus on one task is more helpful than multitasking. Reducing distractions can facilitate a easier work environment.

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News > Family
UPDATED: Tue., Aug. 31, 2021

Studying can be stressful and a time-consuming task. Make sure to work in intervals to help relax your brain in between long study periods. (Pixabay)

After a summer of fun, you may need to brush up on those studying skills for the new school year. Here are a few techniques, hacks and recommendations to get the most out of your study sessions.

Work in intervals. It can be helpful for some people to study in intense bursts, rather than leisurely study for long periods of time. This can be an especially useful technique for those who feel they have a hard time focusing for more than a few minutes at a time. Set a timer for a short period of time, such as five, 10 or 15 minutes. Study without any breaks for that entire period of time, then allow yourself a timed break. For example, study for 15 minutes then take a five-minute break. If that feels too long, try five or 10 minutes, followed by a shorter break. If you find yourself on a roll and don't want to stop studying, you can start the timer for another 15 minutes then take a longer, 10-minute break afterward. Play with the intervals to discover what works best for you. You may discover that with practice, you can study for increasingly longer intervals .

Reduce multitasking. In that same train of thought, do your best to not multitask. Playing music or even a television show in the background is fine, but be honest with yourself if you notice it becoming a distraction. Your brain cannot do two tasks at the same time, but it can quickly shift its attention among several tasks. This feels like multitasking, but your brain is actually "context switching" or jumping among the tasks and increasing your likelihood of error, as well as disrupting your efficiency.

Teach what you have learned. Reiterating new information in your own words is one of the best ways to solidify and test your comprehension. Try to explain what you have learned to friends or family. If no one is available, try to imagine how you would explain it. If you find yourself struggling to explain a concept, it is a great indicator that you may not understand it as well as you thought.

Beat the forgetting curve. The forgetting curve is a hypothesis about the durability of memory and newly acquired information over time. It suggests that the forgetting curve drops off quickly and then tends to flatten out, meaning that most information is forgotten shortly after learning it. To beat this, it is recommended to review information multiple times throughout a course or class. One method for doing this is spaced repetition, which involves reviewing new and difficult information more frequently, while reviewing older and easier information less frequently. This kind of spacing helps information transition from working memory to long-term memory.

Exercise before studying. Exercise can provide great short-term and long-term benefits for overall cognition. In the short term, exercise will increase blood and oxygen flow throughout the body and help stimulate the brain and nervous system. It can specifically stimulate the hippocampus, which is integral to memory and learning. Exercise can help reduce stress immediately and overall, aiding in your brain's ability to focus and learn.

Study before sleeping. Your brain processes information during sleep, so studying a few hours before bedtime can help solidify new information more effectively than studying early in the day. Just make sure to not sacrifice the amount or quality of your sleep just to get extra studying in.

Study with a goal in mind. When you sit down to study, it is best to decide what specific things are most important to review rather than aimlessly glancing over past material.

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Water Cooler: Dive into school year with effective study techniques

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News > Family UPDATED: Tue., Aug. 31, 2021 After a summer of fun, you may need to brush up on those studying skills for the new school year. Here are a few techniques, hacks and recommendations to get the most out of your study sessions. Work in intervals.

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Psychologist tips on studying efficiently. 

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Psychologist tips on studying efficiently. 

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https://news.ucsc.edu/2021/09/study-strategies.html

Being overconfident in your studies can lead to your downfall in a course. This mindset can be helpful, but at some point students should admit that they don't know everything.

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Students of all ages are heading back to schools across the country this fall amid continued uncertainty over the coronavirus pandemic and concerns about learning loss and student burnout. But insights from psychology research could help to maximize learning, even in limited study time.

UC Santa Cruz Assistant Professor of Psychology Hannah Hausman collaborated with colleagues at Colorado State University on an that translates findings from more than 100 research papers to offer students and teachers a guiding framework and practical tips for making the most of study time. These recommendations also address common pitfalls associated with the study process.

"In order to use study time effectively, you need to know what to study, and that's the content that you still don't understand yet," said Hausman. "That may seem kind of obvious, but research shows that people actually aren't as good at figuring out what they know and don't know as you might think they would be."

In fact, many studies have shown that learners are consistently overconfident in their understanding of content from classes, particularly when they are able to easily follow along with instruction, or if they feel familiar with the concepts. But recalling, explaining, or recognizing examples of those same concepts later on during testing is a very different situation.

To study effectively, students need to more closely match how they self-assess their learning to the actual conditions under which they'll be tested. But this doesn't seem to happen naturally, even for students with a lot of test-taking experience. That's where psychology-based study frameworks can help. Hausman and her coauthors recommend a three-step process called "wait-generate-validate."

The first step in this framework, wait, means students should hold off on making any judgments about their learning until the content is no longer fresh in their minds from their initial exposure. This is crucial because tests will evaluate long-term learning and understanding, rather than short-term memory. The second step, generate, means that studying should focus on active recall and application of information, rather than passive review of content.

"What most people do when they study is immediately take out their notes or rewatch lecture videos, but what you want to do instead is get out a blank sheet of paper and try to write out the five main points from the previous lecture, or try doing any homework problems from memory first," Hausman said. "That way, you'll see what you know and don't know, and then you can go look at your notes for extra help."

Teachers can incorporate active study strategies into classroom activities too, and it's important to pair this approach with a time delay, Hausman says.

"Teachers will often ask a few questions at the end of the day to make sure students understood the lecture, but that's actually not the right time to check in," she said. "What we should do is wait until the next lecture and start with questions to see what students remember from the previous class, rather than reminding them of that content during review."

Teachers can make generation the default form of review in their classrooms and should aim to offer activities that match the format of the test as closely as possible, the article says. Another key is to have all students participate in the generation process, rather than just a few volunteers. These strategies should always be paired with the third step in the framework, "validate", which means checking in on whether student answers are complete and correct.

Hausman says students often have a hard time figuring out on their own if their answers are accurate, so teachers should point out areas for improvement. Textbooks can also provide concrete answers, with strong explanations, for each review question they offer. But it's important for review questions to always include a reminder for students to try to answer on their own first before checking answers.

That can be a tricky balancing act, and in online learning, it's an area of emerging research. Many online learning programs offer options for students to click to receive hints while working on practice questions. But Hausman says students will often click through all of the hints right away to get to the answers, and this could reduce the effectiveness of their studying.

Ultimately, Hausman hopes that, if students know the basics of the wait-generate-validate model, it might help shift their approach to studying in a way that maximizes learning benefit without consuming more time out of their already busy lives.

"Students shouldn't be intimidated by these recommendations or worry that it's going to be a ton of work to change how they study," she said. "These are really just small tweaks that can make a big difference."

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Psychologist shares tips for studying smarter this school year

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Students of all ages are heading back to schools across the country this fall amid continued uncertainty over the coronavirus pandemic and concerns about learning loss and student burnout. But insights from psychology research could help to maximize learning, even in limited study time.

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Different ways of taking notes and which way is most effective for YOU

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Different ways of taking notes and which way is most effective for YOU

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Personally, I prefer to take notes on paper. Not only does writing things down help me remember what I am studying, but I also like to customize and highlight certain parts that are important. This video has helped me see how taking notes on a computer can be beneficial. Such as sharing them between devices, and have them stored in a way that doesn't take up space. The example about the koalas is also useful when trying to figure out the best way for someone to take notes. One thing I do think could have been added to this video was how to take notes on both, and how sharing notes on computer and paper could be useful for a student.

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Should You Take Notes on Paper or on a Computer? - College Info Geek

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Which note-taking medium should you use when you're taking notes in class - a paper notebook, or your computer? Companion blog post with notes and links: http://collegeinfogeek.com/paper-vs-computer-notes/ Connect with me on Twitter!

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I do think making your own flashcards is much more helpful when it comes to remembering what was in them, and studying exactly what you are supposed to be. If you use someone else flashcards, you could be learning unnecessary information. Using flashcards you make is also helpful because you can write them in a way that helps you recall information. I do think it could be helpful to make every card unique, like changing up the colors, adding pictures, and using keywords. I think the example the guy used with nemonic devices is really helpful. Everyone can remember ROYGBIV, the colors of the rainbow. I think this video is very helpful, and there isn't anything I disagree with.

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How to Study Effectively with Flash Cards - College Info Geek

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I agree with the idea that spacing out study times is important. Having a cram study session is not as helpful because you can easily forget a lot of the information that you learn. I agree with the fact that people should space out their study time. I do disagree with the fact that memorizing something equals learning new information. Just because you memorize the alphabet doesn't mean you have learned what the letters mean and how they sound. Instead I think that taking the time to learn something is way more efficient then memorization.

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The Most Powerful Way to Remember What You Study