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Screen readers are software programs that allow blind or visually impaired users to read the text that is displayed on the computer screen with a speech synthesizer or braille display.
A screen reader is the interface between the computer's operating system, its applications, and the user.
The user sends commands by pressing different combinations of keys on the computer keyboard or braille display to instruct the speech synthesizer what to say and to speak automatically when changes occur on the computer screen.
A command can instruct the synthesizer to read or spell a word, read a line or full screen of text, find a string of text on the screen, announce the location of the computer's cursor or focused item, and so on.
In addition, it allows users to perform more advanced functions, such as locating text displayed in a certain color, reading pre-designated parts of the screen on demand, reading highlighted text, and identifying the active choice in a menu.
Users may also use the spell checker in a word processor or read the cells of a spreadsheet with a screen reader.

https://help.rnib.org.uk/help/daily-living/technology/technology-assistive

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Students dealing with blindness or visual impairment, or with physical limitations that prevent them from typing on a keyboard, can use text-to-speech devices to compose their assignments.
When using these programs, students speak into a microphone, which then translates their words into typed documents.
The most well-known of the software programs that perform this task is Dragon Naturally Speaking, which also recognizes voice commands such as insert exclamation point.

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This kind of assistive technology helps students with visual impairments by allowing them to listen to the text that appears on a computer screen.
This is a huge improvement over Braille because once the program is installed on the computer, it can read anything on the screen, no matter what format it is in with no waiting for a Braille translation.
This enables students to participate in online activities, use email and text, and have immediate access to course materials.
There are many free versions of this software available online, such as Natural Readers.

https://www.opencolleges.edu.au/informed/features/what-can-technology-do-for-disabled-learners/

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This broad category of assistive technology includes screen magnification software that enlarges portions of the screen where the reader directs the mouse, screen reader software that translates screen text to Braille, text-to-speech programs; audio texts.
All of these can be used by students of many different kinds of visual disabilities.

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Another broad category of assistive technology, these student aids include sound amplification tools, alerting devices that use flashing lights or icons on the computer screen rather than sounds to signal users, close-captioning for videos, TTY also known as Telecommunication for the Deaf, phones enabled with Voice Carry-Over technologies that allow students with hearing difficulties to communicate over the phone with their own voice.

http://www.assistivetechnologyguide.co.uk/guides/disability-and-assistive-technology/

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For students with physical mobility, stability, motor coordination, and range of motion challenges, several technologies are available to assist them in completing their schoolwork, including audio books for students who cannot physically handle books, keyboard adapters such as keyguards to prevent mistyping from tremors or loss of control, voice recognition software for students who cannot type.

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A foot mouse can be used by a person who has limited or no use of their hands or arms.

https://www.teachingvisuallyimpaired.com/overview-of-assistive-technology.html

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The Ease of Access Center is a Control Panel application for Microsoft Windows that brings together functionality for accessibility and ease of use.
By using the Ease of Access Center, users can configure their computers to suit their physical and cognitive needs.

One function of the Ease of Access Center is to help users launch accessibility applications, including Narrator, On-Screen Keyboard, and Magnifier.
Registered third-party applications also appear in the Ease of Access Center and can be launched directly from there.

Accessibility applications need to work smoothly with the secure desktop.
The secure desktop is the user interface that appears when the computer is locked, and when the user is prompted to allow a potentially unsafe action.
For security reasons, Windows places limits on third-party software running on the secure desktop. If you want your accessibility application to run on the secure desktop, you need to register the application with the Ease of Access Center.

https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/bb879984.aspx

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People with disabilities can benefit from speech recognition programs. For individuals that are Deaf or Hard of Hearing, speech recognition software is used to automatically generate a closed-captioning of conversations such as discussions in conference rooms, classroom lectures or religious services.

Speech recognition is also very useful for people who have difficulty using their hands, ranging from mild repetitive stress injuries to involve disabilities that preclude using conventional computer input devices.
In fact, people who used the keyboard a lot and developed RSI became an urgent early market for speech recognition.
Speech recognition is used in deaf telephony, such as voicemail to text, relay services, and captioned telephone.
Individuals with learning disabilities who have problems with thought-to-paper communication  can possibly benefit from the software but the technology is not bug proof. Also the whole idea of speak to text can be hard for intellectually disabled person's due to the fact that it is rare that anyone tries to learn the technology to teach the person with the disability.

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Braille is a system of raised dots formed into units called braille cells.
A full braille cell is made up of six dots, with two parallel rows of three dots, but other combinations and quantities of dots represent other letters, numbers, punctuation marks, or words. People can then use their fingers to read the code of raised dots.

A braille embosser is, simply put, a printer for braille.
Instead of a standard printer adding ink onto a page, the braille embosser imprints the raised dots of braille onto a page.
Some braille embossers combine both braille and ink so the documents can be read with either sight or touch.

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Wheelchairs are devices that can be manually propelled or electrically propelled and that include a seating system and are designed to be a substitute for the normal mobility that most people enjoy.
Wheelchairs and other mobility devices allow people to perform mobility related activities of daily living which include feeding, toileting, dressing, grooming, and bathing.
The devices comes in a number of variations where they can be propelled either by hand or by motors where the occupant uses electrical controls to manage motors and seating control actuators through a joystick, sip-and-puff control, or other input devices.
Often there are handles behind the seat for someone else to do the pushing or input devices for caregivers.
Wheelchairs are used by people for whom walking is difficult or impossible due to illness, injury, or disability.
People with both sitting and walking disability often need to use a wheelchair or walker.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Assistive_technology

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Desktop video magnifiers are electronic devices that use a camera and a display screen to perform digital magnification of printed materials.
They enlarge printed pages for those with low vision.
A camera connects to a monitor that displays real time images, and the user can control settings such as magnification, focus, contrast, underlining, highlighting, and other screen preferences.
They come in a variety of sizes and styles, some are small and portable with handheld cameras, while others are much larger and mounted on a fixed stand.

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A screen magnifier is software that interfaces with a computer's graphical output to present enlarged screen content. It allows users to enlarge the texts and graphics on their computer screens for easier viewing.
Similar to desktop video magnifiers, this technology assists people with low vision.
After the user loads the software into their computer's memory, it serves as a kind of computer magnifying glass.
Wherever the computer cursor moves, it enlarges the area around it.
This allows greater computer accessibility for a wide range of visual abilities.

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Electronic Note takers produces a real-time summary of what is said using an ordinary laptop computer, sometimes linked to a second laptop for the client to read from.
It is intended for anyone who is unable to take notes for themselves in a business or educational setting. This may be due to watching their communication professional relaying information, or as a result of mobility impairment.
For the two screen facility the equipment can be connected by a serial cable, wireless and can be outputted using a refresh able Braille display for deaf or blind clients if needed. At the end of a meeting or event, the Electronic Note taker will provide a copy of the transcript by email, hard copy or memory stick.

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A large-print keyboard has large letters printed on the keys.
On the keyboard shown, the round buttons at the top control software which can magnify the screen , change the background color of the screen, or make the mouse cursor on the screen larger.
The bump dots on the keys, installed in this case by the organization using the keyboards, help the user find the right keys in a tactile way.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Assistive_technology

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Head wands are very similar in function to mouth sticks, except in this case the stick is strapped to the head.

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A device that enables users to control input through a stick that they manipulate with their mouth.