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combo of both basaltic and granitic

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aka granitic
light in color
high silica
low magnesium

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aka basaltic
dense
dark in color
high iron and magnesium
low silica

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form outside the earth
cool quickly
aphanitic - small, fine mineral grains
glassy vesicular

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forms inside earth
cool slowly
phaneritic texture - large, coarse mineral grains

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when minerals break on planes other than cleavage planes
irregular breaks along curved surfaces without definite shape

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tendency to split along definite/predictable lines
breaks into regular repeating patterns

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metallic - shines like polished metal
nonmetallic - glassy, pearly, greasy, oily, dull, or earthy

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color of a mineral's powder
true color
not always the same as the color we see on the outside of the mineral
tested by using ceramic streak plate

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mineral property
first impression of a mineral
not always reliable
some minerals have many different colors

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made up by minerals
includes characteristics such as extrusive, intrusive, mafic, felsic, phaneritic, aphanitic, and andesitic

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make up rocks
natural
inorganic
crystalline structure
definite chemical composition
solid
includes characteristics such as luster, streak, and hardness

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igneous rock
mafic
aphanitic
extrusive

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igneous rock
mafic
phaneritic
intrusive
made of plagioclase, pyroxene, amphibole, and olivine

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igneous rock
mafic
vesicular
extrusive

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resistance to being scratched
tested by glass plate, copper penny, fingernail, and steel nail
moh's scale(fingernail is 2.5)

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igneous rock
felsic
glassy
intrusive
made of quartz, feldspar, mica, and amphibole

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igneous rock
felsic
glassy
extrusive

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igneous rock
felsic
vesicular
extrusive

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igneous rock
felsic
aphanitic
extrusive

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metallic
cleavage
metallic silver
gray-black streak
dense
found in lead ore
PbS
2.5 on hardness scale

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flexible, thin sheets
nonmetallic
electrical insulator
muscovite mica - colorless to yellow
biotite mica - black to dark brown
clear streak
cleavage
2-3 on hardness scale

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igneous rock
andesitic
aphanitic
extrusive

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metallic
fracture
brassy yellow
green-black streak
cubic crystals
found in sulfur ore
6.5 on hardness scale

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nonmetallic
colorless or pink
white streak
glassy luster
hexagonal crystals
grows in crystal like structure
fracture
7 on hardness scale

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yellow to amber
smells like rotten eggs
fracture
easily melted
yellow streak
nonmetallic
2 on hardness scale

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nonmetallic
cleavage
colorless
white streak
3 on hardness scale
bubbles with acid
cement, polarizing prisms

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metallic
cleavage
silver to grey
black streak
greasy feel
pencil lead
1-2 on hardness scale

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metallic
fracture
black to silver
attracted by magnets
black streak
found in iron ore
5.5-6.5 on hardness scale

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nonmetallic
fracture
metallic silver or earthy read
red-brown streak
found in iron ore
1-6.5 on the hardness scale
harder than fingernail in lab

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nonmetallic
cleavage in two directions
used for ceramics and glass
potassium feldpsar - white to pink
plagioclass feldspar - white to gray
white streak
6 on hardness scale