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Definition: Personification is a form of figurative language in which something that is not human is given human characteristics. This device is often used in poetry to enhance the meaning and beauty of poems.

Example:   I hied me away to the woods — away back into the sun-washed alleys carpeted with fallen gold and glades where the moss is green and vivid yet. The woods are getting ready to sleep — they are not yet asleep but they are disrobing and are having all sorts of little bed-time conferences and whisperings and good-nights.”

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Definition:  In poetry, internal rhyme, or middle rhyme, is rhyme that occurs within a single line of verse, or between internal phrases across multiple lines. By contrast, rhyme between line endings is known as end rhyme.

Example:  Jenny and Me were engaged, you see,…
So a kiss or two was nothing to you…
Jenny would go in a domino ….
While I attended, clad in a splendid……
Now we had arranged, through notes exchanged
At Number Four to waltz no more, …
When Three was over, an eager love.

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Definition:   Metaphors are one of the most extensively used literary devices. A metaphor refers to a meaning or identity ascribed to one subject by way of another. In a metaphor, one subject is implied to be another so as to draw a comparison between their similarities and shared traits.

Example:  Before high-pil’d books, in charact’ry
Hold like rich garners the full-ripened grain;”

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Definition: A simile is a figure of speech that makes a comparison, showing similarities between two different things. Unlike a metaphor, a simile draws resemblance with the help of the words “like” or “as.” Therefore, it is a direct comparison.

Example:Shall I compare thee to a summer’s day?
Thou art more lovely and more temperate.
Rough winds do shake the darling buds of May,
And summer’s lease hath all too short a date.
Sometime too hot the eye of heaven shines,
And often is his gold complexion dimmed;
And every fair from fair sometime declines .

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Definition:  End rhyme is defined as when a poem has lines ending with words that sound the same. An example of end rhyme is the poem, Star Light, Star Bright. YourDictionary definition and usage example.

Example: “In Flanders fields the poppies blow
Between the crosses, row on row,
That mark our place; and in the sky
The larks, still bravely singing, fly.
Scarce heard amid the guns below.”

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Definition Free verse is a literary device that can be defined as poetry that is free from limitations of regular meter or rhythm and does not rhyme with fixed forms. Such poems are without rhythms and rhyme schemes; do not follow regular rhyme scheme rules and still provide artistic expression.

Example: Barely tolerated, living on the margin
In our technological society, we were always having to be rescued
On the brink of destruction, like heroines in Orlando Furioso
Before it was time to start all over again.
There would be thunder in the bushes, a rustling of coils,…….
The whole thing might not, in the end, be the only solution……..
Came plowing down the course, just to make sure everything was O.K.…
About how to receive this latest piece of information.

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Definition: Meter is a unit of rhythm in poetry, the pattern of the beats. It is also called a foot. Each foot has a certain number of syllables in it, usually two or three syllables. The difference in types of meter is which syllables are accented and which are not.

Example: “If music be the food of love, play on;
Give me excess of it, that, surfeiting,
The appetite may sicken, and so die.
That strain again! it had a dying fall:
O, it came o’er my ear like the sweet sound,
That breathes upon a bank of violets.

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Definition: In poetry, rhythm is expressed through stressed and unstressed syllables. Take the word, poetry, for example. The first syllable is stressed, and the last two are unstressed, as in PO-e-try.

Example:Two households, both alike in dignity,
In fair Verona, where we lay our scene,
From ancient grudge break to new mutiny,
Where civil blood makes civil hands unclean.
From forth the fatal loins of these two foes
A pair of star-cross’d lovers take their life;”

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Definition: Poetry (the term derives from a variant of the Greek term, poiesis, "making") is a form of literature that uses aesthetic and rhythmic qualities of language—such as phonaesthetics, sound symbolism, and metre—to evoke meanings in addition to, or in place of, the prosaic ostensible meaning.

Example:In the twilight rain,

these brilliant-hued hibiscus

A lovely sunset.

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Definition: correspondence of sound between words or the endings of words, especially when these are used at the ends of lines of poetry.

Example: Mary had a little lamb its fleece was white as snow;
And everywhere that Mary went, the lamb was sure to go.
It followed her to school one day, which was against the rule;
It made the children laugh and play, to see a lamb at school.
And so the teacher turned it out, but still it lingered near,
And waited patiently about till Mary did appear.

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Definition: Alliteration is a literary device where two or more words in a phrase or line of poetry share the same beginning sound. The words can be adjacent or can be separated by one or more words. Usually the beginning consonants in the words are used for the alliteration; but, sometimes the vowels in the words are used.

Example: “His soul swooned slowly as he heard the snow falling faintly through the universe and faintly falling, like the descent of their last end, upon all the living and the dead.”

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Definition: Onomatopoeia is defined as a word, which imitates the natural sounds of a thing. It creates a sound effect that mimics the thing described, making the description more expressive and interesting.

Example: “The moan of doves in immemorial elms,
And murmuring of innumerable bees.

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Definition:A figure of speech is a word or phrase that has a meaning other than the literal meaning. It can be a metaphor or simile that's designed to further explain a concept. Or it can be the repetition of alliteration or exaggeration of hyperbole to give further emphasis or effect.

Example:  “Hadn’t she felt it in every touch of the sunshine, as its golden finger-tips pressed her lids open and wound their way through her hair?”

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Definition: In poetry, the speaker is the voice behind the poem—the person we imagine to be saying the thing out loud. ... Think of the speaker of a poem as a character—someone to be analyzed, thought about, and discovered.
Example The speaker in “Annabel Lee,” by Edgar Allan Poe, is the lover of Annabel Lee. The speaker seems to be engaging, charming, and someone whom a girl would meet and fall in love with right away. He is someone who would tell stories. As readers move on reading the poem, they start realizing that there is something wrong.

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Definition: the action of repeating something that has already been said or written.

Example It was many and many a year ago,
In a kingdom by the sea,
That a maiden there lived whom you may know …

I was a child and she was a child,
In this kingdom by the sea,
But we loved with a love that was more than love —
I and my Annabel Lee …”

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Definition: a group of lines forming the basic recurring metrical unit in a poem; a verse.

Example:Do not all charms fly
At the mere touch of cold  philosophy?There was an awful rainbow once in heaven:
We know her woof, her texture; she is given”

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Definition:a temporary state of mind or feeling.

Example:There was no moon, and everything beneath lay in misty darkness: not a light gleamed from any house, far or near all had been extinguished long ago: and those at Wuthering Heights were never visible

author Emily Bronte

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Definition: visually descriptive or figurative language, especially in a literary work.

Example: I could hear the popping and crackling as mom dropped the bacon into the frying pan, and soon the salty, greasy smell wafted toward me.