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Eliminating the salaries of middle management reduces an organization’s budget costs.

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Eliminating the salaries of middle management reduces an organization’s budget costs.

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1. Flat organizations: A flat organization has an organizational structure with few or no levels of middle management between staff and executives. Tall and flat organizations differ based on how many levels of management are present in the organization, and how much control managers are endowed with.
2. Hierarchy organizational structure: A hierarchical organization is an organizational structure where every entity in the organization, except one, is subordinate to a single other entity. This arrangement is a form of Hierarchy.
3. The Matrix structure: It is a type of organizational structure in which people with similar skills are pooled for work assignments, resulting in more than one manager.

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1.Flat organisational structure-
used by small businesses. Fewer levels of management between managers, executives and employees

2. Hierarchy organisational structure-

A hierarchical organization is an organisational structure where every entity in the organisation, except one, is subordinate to a single other entity. This arrangement is a form of a hirearchy. In an organization, the hierarchy usually consists of a singular/group of power at the top with subsequent levels of power beneath them. This is the dominant mode of organization among large organizations; most businesses

Members of hierarchical organizational structures chiefly communicate with their immediate superior and with their immediate subordinates. Structuring organizations in this way is useful partly because it can reduce the communication overhead by limiting information flow; this is also its major limitation

3. Matrix structure
It is a type of organizational structure in which people with similar skills are pooled for work assignments, resulting in more than one manager (sometimes referred to as solid line and dotted line reports, in reference to traditional business

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The matrix system involves the use of various departments within an organisation that are assign task each like finance or marketing and they all pool

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A hierarchical organization is an organizational structure where every entity in the organization, except one, is subordinate to a single other entity. This arrangement is a form of a hierarchy

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A flat organization has an organizational structure with few or no levels of middle management between staff and executives. An organization's structure refers to the nature of the distribution of the units and positions within it, also to the nature of the relationships among those units and positions. Tall and flat organizations differ based on how many levels of management are present in the organization, and how much control managers are endowed with.

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three types of structure
1level
2Matrix
3Hierarchicael
Horizontal is an organisation within  which the structure is from the top down.It has a CEO and managers right down to the staff on the factory floor.Manage ment is kept to the person who is above you giving you instructions.
2 The level system is where all worker are part of  the management set up and have an equal contribution to the structure.  The negative being that it causes a lot of internal rivalry in the organisation, which can have a negative effect on production

The matrix system involves the use of various departments within an organisation that are assign task each like finance or marketing and they all pool  together and each deal with different departments for the benefit of the company.The head office is the hub and the other departments are the spokes

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1. Flat Structure, few or not levels of management between management and staff eg small companies
Advantages: High level of responsibility for employees.
Efficient communication between employees and managers.
2. Hierarchical Structure, follows the lay out of a pyramid. Defined levels of leadership within the organisation.
Advantages: Offer opportunities of promotion for motivate employees
Disadvantages: Less effective communications between departments, highly cost and time consuming for organisation.
3. Matrix Structure used with specific projects. Brings together employees and managers from different departments. Efficient lines of communications. Each employee brings his expertise to the table. Managers are involved in the day to day basis.

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1. Flat organisation structure also known as horizontal organization. Used by small businesses. Fewer levels of management between managers, executives and employees.

2.Hierarchy organisational structure  is used in larger businesses, decision making and communicating may be slow. Everyone has someone to report to except the ceo.

3.Matrix organisation ideal for group or project work. reporting relationships are set up as a grid. Brings together employees from different departments

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1.Flat organisational structure used by small companies to set up a business.  A flat organization has an organizational structure with few or no levels of middle management between staff and executives. Easy to communicate for employees and managers.
2. Hierarchy is a system in which members of an organization or society are ranked according to relative status or authority.
3. Matrix organisation is used in large companies. it is ideal for group, it brings employees together as a committee to discuss topics together.

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1. Flat organization - Used by small organisations which can make the organization faster as there's less people in it.

2. Hierarchy - Used for bigger organisations which can make the company slower as there's more people in it.

Matrix - A good way to use project and group work that makes it more efficient to communicate with other people and makes the cost rise.

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1. Matrix organisational- ideal for group or project work, unclear who is in charge, costs go up, easier to communicate
2. Flat. Ideal for small business and retail, one manager-lots of staff, one person to answer to.
3. Hierarchy. Used by larger companies, divides company into different departments with managers over each dept, communication can be slow.

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1. Flat organizational structure - used by small companies to set up business. Fewer layers of management means fewer approvals in decision making which means faster decisions and the organization can respond to new opportunities or threats.
2. Hierarchy organizational structure is used in larger companies, it divides the company into different departments with managers in each area.
3. Matrix organization employees come together as a committee to discuss topics together. Its more for project work and it is unclear of who is in charge. The costs go up but its easier to communicate.

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1.flat organisation-used by small businesses, all emolyees report to one manager/boss
2.hierarchy organisation-different levels of superiority everyone has someone to report to in each department and stops at the CEO.
3.matrix organisation-employees come together as a committee to discuss topics together, it is unclear who is in charge, works as a grid rather than the traditional hierarchy.

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1. Flat: usually used in a small organizations, easy communication; eliminating the salaries of middle management reduces an organization’s budget costs.
2. Hierarchy: all the employees know exactly what position they are and what job they have to do;
3.Matrix: it brings together managers and employees from different departments to work together.

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1. Flat organisational - Advantages -

Fewer layers of management means fewer approvals in decision-making, which can mean faster decisions, and the organization can respond more quickly to new opportunities or threats.

Fewer layers of management also means that decisions reach the ultimate decision-maker sooner in the process, which gives the ability for faster decision-making, and therefore, a faster response to new business issues.

Fewer layers of management can lead to better and more frequent communication between higher-level managers and staffers, resulting in better understanding of company goals for the staffers and a better understanding of daily operational issues by the managers.

Disadvantages -

Fewer opportunities for promotions, since there are fewer management positions in the company. This will not matter for some employees, but those who have aspirations of managing a team will have fewer opportunities in a flat organization and may leave for one with more chances to lead.

Hierarchical - Advantages -  Everything in Hierarchical Organisational Structure is going to be organized and stabilized and there is less likely to get authority and obligation disordered. All the employees know exactly what position they are in and also know what job they have to do. Fixed rules of intra-organization procedures and structures is set and usually written in language, which leaves no discretion for interpretation. Most importantly, under this organisational structure, goals are clearly defined turning out to be suitable for all type of businesses. Also the objective will be clear so task can be done in time.

Disadvantages -   However it barely allows flexibility, long term-planning, and creativity, ending with stiffness and dictatorship in management. Some leaders may be overburdened while some coordinates stay idle; some departments may pay too much attention to local target and interests but ignore overall objective and interests; schedule of the whole project might be affected extremely when some leaders are out of work. Moreover, this hierarchical organisational structure leaves little communication between employees causing a lack of team spirit. So workers may be jealousy when one gets promoted. They may not agree on the changes within the company and unwisely express that. This way, moral of organization is going to get bad.

Matrix - Advantages -

Resources can be used efficiently, since experts and equipment can be shared across projects.

Products and projects are formally coordinated across functional departments.

Information flows both across and up through the organization.

Employees are in contact with many people, which helps with sharing of information and can speed the decision process

Disadvantages -
Line management conflict can be a disadvantage of a matrix organisation.  By working in a matrix organisation the resources are only seconded to the project for limited amount of time.  They do still have their Line Manager from their Functional Department.  This sometimes can cause conflict if they are asked to carry out tasks from both areas.  The resources would need to identify how to prioritise work in these situations.

Resource management culture is also a disadvantage of a matrix organisation.  The Project Manager would need to be an excellent communicator and ensure they are aware of who the available resources are, their skills and ability and their willingness to join the project.  The Functional Manager would need to work with the Project Manager to identify these people.  For example they would arrange networking sessions or informal presentations so that both the staff and the Project Manager are fully aware of all the opportunities available to them.

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1. Flat organisational structure - Used by small start up businesses. Easy to communicate for employees and managers.

2. Hierarchy organisational structure - Mainly used by larger companies, communication can be slow and employees can become frustrated.

3. Matrix organisational structure - Reporting relationships are set up as a grid rather than traditional hierarchy. Dual reporting relationship

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