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1. a wave vibrating in the direction of propagation.

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the fact or phenomenon of light, radio waves, etc., being deflected in passing obliquely through the interface between one medium and another or through a medium of varying density.

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reflection in Science. reflection. (rĭ-flěk'shən) The change in direction of a wave, such as a light or sound wave, away from a boundary the wave encounters.Reflected waves remain in their original medium rather than entering the medium they encounter.

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Diffraction is defined as a process by which light waves break up into dark and light bands or into the colors of the spectrum. Light passing through a narrow opening in the blinds, causing bright and dark shadows and patterns to fall across the floor is an example of diffraction.

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A substance, such as agar, in which bacteria or other microorganisms are grown for scientific purposes. A substance that makes possible the transfer of energy from one location to another, especially through waves.

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transverse wave in Science. transverse wave. A wave that oscillates perpendicular to the axis along which the wave travels. Electromagnetic waves are transverse waves, since the electric and magnetic fields oscillate at a right angle to the direction of motion.

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A mechanical wave is a wave that is an oscillation of matter, and therefore transfers energy through a medium. While waves can move over long distances, the movement of the medium of transmission—the material—is limited. Therefore, the oscillating material does not move far from its initial equilibrium position.

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the oscillating, reciprocating, or other periodic motion of a rigid or elastic body or medium forced from a position or state of equilibrium. the analogous motion of the particles of a mass of air or the like, whose state of equilibrium has been disturbed, as in transmitting sound.

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In science. Trough (economics), the lowest turning point of a business cycle. Trough(geology), a long depression less steep than a trench. Trough (meteorology), an elongated region of low atmospheric pressure. Trough (physics), the lowest point on a wave.

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A crest is the point on a wave with the maximum value or upward displacement within a cycle. ... A point on the wave is a trough if the displacement of the medium at that point is at a minimum.