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The branch of pharmacology concerned with the effect of genetic factors on

Pharmacogenetics has been defined as the study of variability in drug response due to heredity

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Inverse agonist is an agent that binds to the same receptor as an agonist, but triggers the opposite pharmacological effect of a receptor agonist.

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Plasma protein binding (PPB)
affects the time that a drug stays in the body and can also have an effect upon the drug's efficiency.

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Figure expressing acidity or alkalinity of solution

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drugs that bind to and activate a given receptor at a maximum level

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pH is a 0-14 measure of hydrogen ion concentration; a measure of the acidity or alkalinity of a solution. 7 is neutral, lower values are more acid and higher values are more alkaline.

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drugs that bind to and activate a given receptor, but at a sub-maximal level

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When antagonistic molecules have to compete with endogenous agonists for receptor binding

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Cation: positively charged ion

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The study of theraputic uses and effects of drugs

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ion: negatively charged ion

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Inactive compound metabolised in body to produce pharmologically active drug

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Protein regulatory :Any protein that influences the regions of a DNA molecule that are transcribed by RNA polymerase during the process of transcription. It assist in the production of protein in cells

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How a drug is expelled from the body

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Capacity of a molecule to pass through a phospholipid bilayer

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Reduced effect of a drug following repeated use

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A property of a drug determined by combining its affinity at various binding sites, the knowledge of which can help predict a drug's potential for therapeutic and side effects.

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refers to a drug's ability to preferentially produce a particular effect and is related to the structural specificity of drug binding to receptors.

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The effect of a drug on the body: action-effect sequence + dose effect relationship

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an acute allergic reaction to an antigen to which the body has become hypersensitive

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Pharmacokinetics: the movement and alteration of a drug within a body
ADME
Absorption, Distribution, Metabolism ,exertion

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Half life: the time it takes for a drug to reach half of its initial blood plasma concentration

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Half life: the time it takes for a drug to reach half of its initial blood plasma concentration

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amount of a drug which is metabolised before reaching systemic circulation resulting in reduced bioavailability

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Half life: its the time it takes for the body to get half the drug metabolized and out of the body

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Tachyphylaxis: quickly reduced response to repeated doses of a drug, causing it to be less effective

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Tachyphylaxis: quickly reduced response to repeated doses of a drug, causing it to be less effective

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the proportion of a drug or other substance which enters the circulation when introduced into the body and so is able to have an active effect.

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Reduced reaction to a drug following repeated use

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pKa: the pH at which a drug is 50% ionised and 50% unionised

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pKa: the pH at which a drug is 50% ionised and 50% unionised

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Antagonist: a molecule that binds to a receptor that does not illicit a response

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Antagonist: a molecule that binds to a receptor that does not illicit a response