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By 5th or 6th grade, I would also expect them to know the rules regarding angles (i.e., angles around a single point equal 360 degrees or alternate/corresponding angles are equal).

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-Students should know the relationship between lines and angle (two lines connecting form an angle)

-Students should know how to find perimeter and area of shapes with right angles

-Students should know how to use rulers and protractors

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Key geometry ideas for elementary students should start in Kindergarten and concepts should be added to the students knowledge as they move up in school.
*Know what an angle is and start to identify the 6 different types of triangles.
*Learn measurements of shapes-area, circumference, volume.
*Know that shapes have dimension to them.

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Key ideas for geometry that should be covered in the elementary grades...
- Students should be able to not only identify shapes but communicate their properties and vocabulary.
-Students should learn geometry because it correlates with other types of math (e.g.  algebra).
- Students should be able to use geometry not just in math class but in visual arts, science and various other subjects.

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Students should be able to identify and classify shapes. This flows into them visualizing shapes in their everyday surroundings. As students get into higher grades they learn that certain shapes have degrees and angles that must be met in order to that specific shape. Obtuse triangle vs. right triangle. Students will learn about lines, surface area of the shape and space it holds.

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-Ability to draw, recognize, and know the names of shapes
-Recognize shapes in our world/daily lives
-Properties of shapes
-2D vs 3D
-Angles (right, obtuse, acute, supplementary, complimentary, etc.)
-Lines (parallel and perpendicular)
-Coordinate Plane
-Perimeter and Area
-Symmetry
-Composing/Decomposing Shapes

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Introducing geometry-focused story books is an excellent strategy for helping your students gain a deeper understanding of the subject!

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- teaching basic shapes is foundational to support growth into the next levels of geometry.  Two dimensional shapes such as circles, triangles, squares, and other polygons.
- introduction to lines, line segments, angles, vertices,
-relationships that the lines and angles have with one another

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-1st, geometry teaches shapes ( square, hexagon, cube)
-Then, it teaches how these shapes can interact, build, and influence each other.
-Finally, geometry teaches how these shapes are building blocks, tools, for use in our world ( this angle is great for making a bank shot in pool.)

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Glossary of Medieval Art and Architecture:keystone

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keystone:
The voussoir at the top of
an arch; in vaulting it occurs at
the intersection of the ribs of a
rib vault. It is important structurally since it marks the apex of the
vault

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Sides
Measurements of angles
The relevance of geometry

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This video reviews the 2-D shapes and then lets the students verbally pick out the shape he is describing. He then goes over the 3-D shapes and shows pictures of real world examples.

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3D Shapes | First Grade and Kindergarten Math Learning

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-Measurement of volume, area, perimeter, circumference
-How to use a protractor

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>Graphing on a coordinate plane (more 4th and 5th grade)

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Spatial recognition is important for young learners in geometry. This is where they begin to learn about spatial relationships among them and their surroundings.

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Students start to recognized shapes in their environment.

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Shapes are Everywhere! | Kids Learning Song

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The foundation of geometry is recognizing shapes.  This is a video that my students loved to watch to help them recognized shapes.

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The idea that physical objects students interact with on a daily basis are connected to geometry.
The 'building blocks' of life.

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-Symmetry: how shapes can be split in two or how not all shapes are symmetrical.
-Angles play an important role in measurement and partitions of shape, which is symmetry. This helps students understand direction and help them develop skills for the future.
-Symmetry is important to teach because it's a skill that can be used in and out of the classroom.

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Length: Measurement, longer v. shorter, taller v. shorter
3D v. 2D shapes: real world examples and models
Comparing 2D Shapes: angles, sides, rotation, reflection
Composition of 2D Shapes: angles, sides, vertices
Composition of 3D Shapes: faces, edges, vertices
Simple angles in triangles

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The idea that shapes are not flat and have many sides or dimensions.

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The idea that shapes can be put together to make other shapes, and that one shape could be made through various other shapes.