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Diabetes type 2 oppstår oftest hos voksne. Overvekt og fysisk inaktivitet er viktige årsaker. Diabetes type 2 er mer arvelig enn type 1-diabetes.

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Hva er type 2-diabetes?

Diabetes mellitus er en kronisk sykdom karakterisert ved et vedvarende forhøyet blodsukker, og forstyrrelser i omsetningen av karbohydrater, fett og proteiner i kroppen.

Diabetes skyldes nedsatt funksjon av hormonet insulin som spiller en sentral rolle i reguleringen av sukkeromsetningen i kroppen. Ved type 2-diabetes, eller aldersdiabetes, produserer kroppen for lite insulin, eller det behøves større mengder insulin enn det kroppen klarer å lage fordi insulinet virker dårligere (dette fenomenet kalles insulinresistens).

Type 2-diabetes debuterer gjerne etter 40 års alderen, men kan også opptre tidligere. I Nord-Trøndelag fant forskerne i en stor befolkningsundersøkelse i 2007-08 at cirka fem prosent av alle menn og knapt fire prosent av alle kvinner over 20 år hadde type 2-diabetes. Sannsynligvis er forekomsten av uoppdaget type 2-diabetes minst like høy.

Det er anslått at totalt 265.000 personer har diabetes mellitus i Norge, av disse har 25.000 type 1-diabetes. I tillegg antas det at ca. 250.000 personer har forstyrrelser i sukkeromsetningen (nedsatt glukosetoleranse).

De siste 30 årene har det vært en tredobling i antall pasienter med diabetes mellitus. Sykdomsforekomsten øker med økende alder, og blant dem over 70 år har ca 10% diabetes. På verdensbasis har ca. 250 millioner voksne personer diabetes type 2, og dette øker med cirka 7 millioner nye tilfeller per år.

Asiatiske innvandrere har en høyere forekomst av type 2-diabetes enn det vi har i Norge.

Fakta

Type 2-diabetes debuterer gjerne etter 40 års alderen (aldersdiabetes) og er kjennetegnet ved en relativ mangel på og dårlig virkning av insulin.

De viktigste årsakene til diabetes type 2 har med livsstil å gjøre.

Type 2-diabetes debuterer med høyt blodsukker, noe som kan føre til symptomer som tretthet, slapphet, tørste, vekttap.

Diagnosen bekreftes ved påvisning av høyt blodsukker.

Behandlingsmålene er symptomfrihet, god livskvalitet og normal livslengde.

Dette dokumentet er basert på det profesjonelle dokumentet "Diabetes type 2". Referanselisten for dette dokumentet vises nedenfor.

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Diabetes mellitus er en kronisk sykdom karakterisert ved et vedvarende forhøyet blodsukker, og forstyrrelser i omsetningen av karbohydrater, fett og proteiner i kroppen. Diabetes skyldes nedsatt funksjon av hormonet insulin som spiller en sentral rolle i reguleringen av sukkeromsetningen i kroppen.

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Eleven skal kunne forklare hvordan bukspyttkjertelen er bygget opp og dens funksjoner i forhold til å utvikle Diabetes type 2. Eleven skal videre forklare konsekvenser av svikt i blodsukkerreguleringen

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Fagstoff: Diabetes oppstår når insulinproduksjonen ikke fungerer som den skal. Den kan stoppe helt opp eller være for liten i forhold til mengden sukker i blodet. Det kan også hende at det insulinet som produseres, virker for dårlig. - Huskelappen - Huskelappen

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diabetes - Diabetesforbundet - symptomer - ta risikotesten

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Har du diabetes, eller lurer du på om du kan få diabetes? Diabetesforbundet tilbyr kvalitetssikret informasjon og nyheter, noen å prate med og en risikotest. Velkommen til oss!

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forklare hvordan kroppen er bygg opp og fungerer i forhold til livsstilssykdommer, og forklare konsekvenser av svikt i vitale kroppsfunksjoner