# data[].attributes.headline
NIK NORHAFIZUL BIN MUHD NOOR (12211115190

# data[].attributes.subject
NIK NORHAFIZUL BIN MUHD NOOR (12211115190

# data[].attributes.body
NAME : NUR AMALINA BINTI IDRIS

ID :12211115185

‘YOU ARE WHAT YOU EAT’

People are, as the expression goes, what they eat. After all, the muscles in a person’s body, and the blood flowing through their veins, are all supplied by the food that he or she consumes. Understandably, these foods would also have an effect on the way the brain functions.The foods we eat have measurable effects on the body’s performance, they may prove to have an even more critical influence on how the brain handles its tasks. The idea that the right foods, or the natural neurochemicals they contain, can enhance mental capabilities such as by defusing stress.

Malnutrition occurs in people who are either undernourished or overnourished . Undernutrition is a consequence of consuming too few essential nutrient so rusing or excreting them more rapidly than they can be replaced.Nutrient loss can be accelerated by diarrhea ,excessive sweating, heavy bleeding(hemorrhage),or kidney failure. Nutrient intake can be restricted by age related illnesses and conditions, excessive dieting,food allergies,severe injury, serious illness , lengthy hospitalization,or substance abuse. Overnutrition results from eating too much,eating too many of the wrong things,not exercising enough,or taking too many vitamins or other dietary replacements. Nutritional disorders can affect any system in the body and the senses of sight,taste,and smell.They may also produce anxiety,changes in mood,and other psychiatric symptoms.Malnutrition begins with changes in nutrient levels in blood and tissues.Alterations in enzyme levels,tissue abnormalities,and organ malfunction may be followed by illness and death.

The best option for treating malnutrition is to enhance normal eating and drinking. A “Food First” approach encourages eating frequent, small, high energy and protein meals and snacks. Nutritional supplements for weight gain are generally not required unless body weight is unable to be maintained with a normal balanced diet, or if food cannot be eaten safely.

Roles of nutrient can avoid and prevent malnutrition. Optimum nutritions basically providing all nutrients. The best method of is follow food pyramid. Accordingly eat most from the base of the pyramid and eat less from the peak. In nutshell, nutrient intake can keep our body healthy and functioning well.

# data[].attributes.body
FATIN NABIHAH BINTI ABD RAHIM

12211115029

# data[].attributes.body
FATIN NABIHAH BINTO

# data[].attributes.body
NAME : FARAH HUSNA BINTI AHMAD

STUDENT ID : 12211115154

COURSE : BACHELOR OF CLINICAL LABORATORY SCIENCE

GROUP : 1

SUBJECT : PH NUTRITION

PBL TITLE : YOU ARE WHAT YOU EAT

There are many reasons I believe that ‘we are what we eat’. It is the balance of nutrients contained in the calories we consume weighed against the calories  burn that specifically impacts our health.Nutritional imbalances like overnutrition and undernutrition may lead to severe health difficulties.Thus, balanced diet has a significant role in promoting good health.

Our daily meals must contains a combination of essential nutrients such as carbohydrates, proteins,fats,vitamins and minerals needed by our body in order to maintain good health.When we does not get enough nutrients required,it will becomes malnourished.One of the major nutritional problems occur in developed countries are excess of calorie intake,such as fats,sugars,carbohydrates and inadequate of fiber and nutrients intake from vegetables,fruits and some grains.Lack of nutrition or malnutrition will lead to a few health related problems due to reduced of dietary intake,malabsorption,increase of nutrient loss or altered metabolic demands.

The risk of having overweight and obesity problem may arise if we prefer eating more unhealthy food such as fast food and junk food rather than eat healthy cooked food at home.As a result,this may lead to disease such as hypertension,diabetes, cancer,and also heart-disease.Moreover,the effects of malnutrition on an individual may cause decreased of body immunity and wound healing process,cardio respiratory fuction and interrupt gastrointestinal function. When immune function is affected,it will increased the risk of infection and delayed of wound healing happen in malnutrition person.For cardiorespiratory function,this cause reduction in cardiac muscle mass,resulting in decreased of cardiac output.Diarrhea-related problem also associated with a high mortality rate in severely malnutrition person.

Taking enough nutrient are important to overcome  this malnutrition issues.We must have the basic knowledge on how to prepare our daily meals with adequate amount of nutrients for our body,in order to avoid malnutrition. Eating foods high in dietary fiber can help we stay regular and lose weight.Focus on eating the recommended daily minimum of five servings of fruit and vegetables and it will naturally fill us up and help us cut back on unhealthy foods.As for me,practise unhealthy eating habits is not an option and with this  unhealthy food intake,it will interrupt the developmental of our brain.Good nutrition is an important part to maintain a healthy weight,reduce our risk of malnutrition diseases and promote our overall health.

# data[].attributes.body
BCLS SEPT 2015

12211115200

YOU ARE WHAT YOU EAT

‘You Are What You Eat’ is a quite common phrase that we usually heard of. What does this phrase means actually? I believe every people have their own interpretation about this phrase. As for me, ‘You Are What You Eat’ brings the meaning of your food intake will be manifest through state of mind and health.

Different foods contain different nutrients and energy density. As for example if you consume more healthy food, your body will tend to be fitter than those who consume less healthy food. Not just physically, those who consume higher nutrient- density food will have less risk to be exposed to diseases, in which, they are also healthy from the inside.

Next, we go to the relationship between nutrient intake to disease or malnutrition as well as the role of nutrient in overcoming malnutrition issues. As for the first example is protein. Proteins are essential for growth and maintenance of human body and are obtain from meat, fish, eggs or milk. Lack in protein intake may lead to tiredness, muscle or joint pain, having difficulties to sleep, low energy, moodiness and stress. In severe cases, protein deficiency may lead to diseases such as kwashiorkor and cachexia. Having sufficient intake of protein will reduce the risk of getting these diseases.

On the other hand, lack in carbohydrates consumption as shown through symptoms such as lack of energy, constipation, nausea, headache and bad breath. As we all know, carbohydrates are the main source of energy to human body. Carbohydrates are hydrolyse to obtain glucose which will be use as energy. Further deficiency of carbohydrates may lead to diseases such as hypoglycemia- a condition where you have low glucose count in your blood, ketosis and muscle wasting- general loss of muscle mass and impairment of growth.

Sufficient water intake will contribute to having healthier skin. Drinking an adequate amount of water per day can make your skin glow because skin of the fact that skin is an organ, ad just like any other part of the body, your skin is made up of cells. Skin cells, like any other cell in the body, are made up of water. Without water, the organs will not funtion properly or at their best. Skin that are not getting sufficient amout of water, may be lacking of hydration and may present itself by turning your skin dry, tight and flaky. Dry skin has less resilience and is more prone to wrinkling.

Ironically, fats are needed to be consume in a small portion. This is because, excessive consumption of fats may lead to many dangerous diseases such as obesity, cardiovascular diseases and even cancer. However, fats are still essential for human body to provide energy to the body, absorbs certain nutrients and maintains your core body temperature. Fats also helps to provide support for internal organs.

In conclusion, nutrients are necessary for human body because they have their very own specific role to maintain the a healthy systemic organization of the human body. Malnutrition will lead to many vulnerable diseases and problems. In order to stay fit and healthy physically, mentally and spiritually, we have to practice a healthy diet in our daily life because we are what we eat.

# data[].attributes.body
BCLS SEPT 2015

12211115200

# data[].attributes.headline
ASSIGNMENT 1 /FATIN NADIRAH AQILAH BINTI RAMLI/12211115181

# data[].attributes.subject
ASSIGNMENT 1 /FATIN NADIRAH AQILAH BINTI RAMLI/12211115181

# data[].attributes.body
ASS

# data[].attributes.headline
SHARIFAH NUR ZULAIKHA BINTI SYED AGIL (12212115004)

# data[].attributes.subject
SHARIFAH NUR ZULAIKHA BINTI SYED AGIL (12212115004)

# data[].attributes.body
SHARIFAH NUR ZULAIKHA BINTI SYED AGIL

12212115004

HCB11403 - PRINCIPLE OF HUMAN NUTRITIONS

ASSIGNMENT 1

1.  The relationship between nutrient intake and disease/malnutrition.

Nutrients are the chemical substances found in food which we that could provide energy as well as structure and help regulate the body process. Nutrients can be consumed through food classified as the following; carbohydrates, vitamins, proteins, minerals, water and fats. A well-balanced diet comprising of the above food class must be consumed in order to have a well maintained body as well as a smooth growth

process, reproduction, health and prevention of disease or malnutrition.

Malnutrition is the unbalanced intake of nutrients or energy either too little or too much. Malnutrition is a serious condition that occurs when a person’s diet does not contain the right amount of nutrients. Malnutrition or poor nutrition can be categorized as undernutrition which means lack of nutrient intake and overnutrition which is the excess of nutrition intake. Malnutrition could be develop due to several factors, however, the following are the most common reasons of malnutrition all over the world; inadequate or unbalanced diet, problems with digestion or absorption and certain medical conditions.

Malnutrition contributes to about one-third of the 9.7 million child deaths that occur each year. As for the relationship between nutrient intake and malnutrition, the example chosen is regarding the relationship between breastfeeding and the health status of an infant. The composition of human milk is the biologic norm for infant nutrition with nutrient content as much as 3% - 5% of fat, 0.8% -0.9% of protein, 6.9% -7.2% of carbohydrate and 0.2% of mineral. Human milk also contains many hundreds to thousands of distinct bioactive molecules that protect against infection and inflammation and contribute to immune maturation, organ development, and healthy microbial colonization. In recent times, new child growth standards for use in deriving indicators of nutritional status, such as stunting, wasting and underweight was introduced by the World Health Organization (WHO). Breast milk has been proven to have a major impact on child health, growth and development. Breast milk contains the nutrients that an infant needs and in the right quantity. Furthermore, the nutrients from the milk can be quickly and easily digested by the infants.

A study conducted in Honduras found that exclusive breastfeeding which is feeding the infants with only breast milk is recommended for infants up to 6 months of age because of its benefits in reducing morbidity and mortality as well as lower prevalence of stunting, wasting and underweight. The risk of being underweight was higher among children who had discontinued breastfeeding and those who were had not been exclusively breast fed for the first six months.  In addition, it was observed that children who were breastfed after one hour of birth were twice as likely to be stunted as compared to those who breastfed within one hour of birth.

As a conclusion, breastfeed should not be discontinued before the age of twenty four months, as the lack intake of breast milk could lead to major risk factors to malnutrition among children less than twenty four months of age.

2.  The role of nutrient in overcoming malnutrition issues.

Malnutrition comes in many forms; starvation is among the most widespread example of malnutrition. Most malnutrition cases affecting children in poor countries are mild and moderate which causes no symptoms yet could also lead to mortality. If some of these moderately malnourished children do not receive adequate support, they may progress towards severe acute malnutrition with symptoms such as severe wasting or severe stunting which are both life-threatening conditions. It can be so severe that the damage done to the body is permanent, even though you survive. Thus, eating a good, well-balanced diet helps to prevent most forms of malnutrition.

The following discusses the role of nutrients from carbohydrate, vitamin, protein, minerals, fat and water. Obtaining the correct balance and quantities of these nutrients is essential to health and well-being.

First, carbohydrates are the main source of energy for the body. Carbohydrate reduces the risk of getting coronary heart disease as well as helps to regulate normal blood glucose level. Carbohydrates can be consumed in the form of bread or rice.

Second, vitamin C in necessary for the synthesis of natural collagen that provides structures to blood vessels, bone and ligaments. Lack of vitamin C could cause scurvy. Other than that, it can also prevent birth defects. Vitamin C can be consumed through fruits and vegetables.

Third, protein acts as a major cell structural component such that responsible for building and repairing of body tissues. Protein is also essential for the production of hormones and enzymes that controls many function of the body. Meat, dairy-products and beans are the example of food that contains protein.

Fourth, minerals such as sodium, potassium and calcium are important to the body. Each mineral transports its own function to the body. Sodium is important to maintain volume of fluid outside of cell and regulates the function of cell. Sodium can be consumed though salt or processed food. Potassium prevents the excess rise of blood pressure. Potassium can be extracted from potato and nuts. Calcium helps to maintain and build strong bones and teeth. Calcium can be consumed through milk or yogurt.

Fifth, fat-soluble vitamins such as vitamin A, D, E and K are absorbed into the body when fat is consumed. Fats increase the rate of absorption of above vitamins. Moreover, fats also act as insulator, shock absorber and protective layer. Healthy fat food that is rich with omega-3 which includes fish and walnut should be consumed more instead of unhealthy fats like ice cream or cakes.

Sixth, water helps to maintain homeostasis in the body. Other than that, it also assists human secretary system. Water can be consumed through any form of liquid such as beverages or soup. The required volume of liquid that should be consumed by adults is 2 – 3 litres per day.

A malnourished person will encounter difficulty in doing standard things such as growing and resisting disease. Physical work becomes problematic and even learning abilities can be diminished. For women, pregnancy becomes risky and they cannot be sure of producing nourishing breast milk. However, there are two methods in preventing as well as eliminating malnutrition which is sustaining the quality and quantity of food a person eats; and ensuring adequate health care and a healthy environment. Management of malnutrition should be a public health priority because if left untreated, malnutrition can lead to mental or physical disability, illness, and possibly death. Eating is not just about satisfying hunger on the other hand is to maintain a healthy body that are fit enough to face each day. Lastly, the less attention we pay to what goes in our mouth, the more complications will be confronted.

# data[].attributes.body
NUR IZZATI BINTI MUHAMAD

12211115052

Richard Chaifetz, the chief executive officer of Chicago-based ComPsych Corporation who also a neuropsychologist said "You're an athlete in the workplace. So you should eat like an athlete." From this word, we can see that eating isn't just about satisfying hunger, but also to keep ourselves in the best condition for living our life.

Food pyramid, a graphic representation of a food chain was introduced by United State Department of Agriculture (USDA) to show examples of foods that might be healthy choices from each main group in order to guide people from the age of 5 years in order to make healthy food choices. From the designed pyramid, we can see that there are 6 main groups of food which are grains, vegetables, fruits, protein foods, dairy and oil arranged from the base to the top of the pyramid and it is the sign of the larger the column area, the more the amount to be taken. The bottom of the pyramid is the carbohydrate group, recommending 6-11 servings per day—an aspect heavily attacked by modern nutritionists. On the next level up, we have the vegetable group on the left (3-5 servings per day) and the fruit group on the right (2-4 servings per day). The penultimate level consists of the dairy group on the left (2-3 servings per day) and the protein group on the right (2-3 servings per day). All the way up top is the fat group, which you're supposed to avoid whenever possible.

By following the food pyramid, people will capable to protect them self from malnutrition that defined as lack or excessive of nutrients, either under nutrition or over nutrition that capable to cause chronic disease and acute disease. Under nutrition is a nutritional deficiency resulting from lack of food intake or from the inability of the body to convert or absorb nutrients such as protein, vitamins and minerals. In other word, under nutrition is a condition occurs when people do not eat or absorb enough nutrients to cover their needs for energy and growth, or to maintain a healthy immune system. Badly, this condition usually may affect growth and immunity but some cause specific clinical conditions such as iron deficiency anaemia, hypothyroidism or xerophthalmia. Iron deficiency anemia (IDA), the most common form of anemia in which blood lacks adequate healthy red blood cells. As the name implies, iron deficiency anemia is due to insufficient iron. Without enough iron, body cannot produce enough substance called haemoglobin in red blood cells that enables them to carry oxygen. As a result, iron deficiency anemia may leave you tired and short of breath. Hypothyroidism is a condition in which thyroid gland does not produce enough of certain important hormones. When the thyroid does not produce enough hormones, the balance of chemical reactions in body can be upset. One of the factors of hypothyroidism is iodine deficiency or lack of iodine intake because the gland needs enough iodine to produce an insufficient amount of hormone. While xerophthalmia is a condition deficiency of tears or conjunctival secretions and leads to dryness of the eye surfaces caused by.  This condition may be associated with vitamin A deficiency. Other that, the under nutrition problem among pregnancy women will cause unborn and newborn babies. While, overnutrition is the overconsumption of nutrients and food to the point at which health is adversely affected that mainly increased the risk of serious health conditions, including obesity that may lead to cardiovascular disease, hypertension, type-2 diabetes and so on. Obesity is a condition that is associated with having an excess of body fat, defined by genetic and environmental factors that are difficult to control when dieting, and also lack of exercise. The commonest health problem that related to obesity is cardiovascular disease or hearth failure. As the body mass index (BMI) rises, so does the risk for cardiovascular disease such as coronary heart disease (CHD). CHD is a condition in which a waxy substance called plaque builds up inside the coronary arteries. These arteries supply oxygen-rich blood to heart. Plaque can narrow or block the coronary arteries and reduce blood flow to the heart muscle. This can cause angina or a heart attack that may lead to fatal. Other than in coronary artery, the plaque also will be existed in blood vessels. The blockage in the vessels may cause the force of blood pushing against the walls of the arteries as the heart pumps blood. This condition is called as high blood pressure. Other that, the plaque in the vessels also may lead to stroke.

As the conclusion, how and what we eat are the figures of our body and health condition.  Therefore, we must take necessary precautions to ensure that our body healthy nowadays and upcoming.

# data[].attributes.body
NUR IZZATI BINTI MUHAMAD

12211115052

Richard Chaifetz, the chief executive officer of Chicago-based ComPsych Corporation who also a neuropsychologist said "You're an athlete in the workplace. So you should eat like an athlete." From this word, we can see that eating isn't just about satisfying hunger, but also to keep ourselves in the best condition for living our life.

Food pyramid, a graphic representation of a food chain was introduced by United State Department of Agriculture (USDA) to show examples of foods that might be healthy choices from each main group in order to guide people from the age of 5 years in order to make healthy food choices. From the designed pyramid, we can see that there are 6 main groups of food which are grains, vegetables, fruits, protein foods, dairy and oil arranged from the base to the top of the pyramid and it is the sign of the larger the column area, the more the amount to be taken. The bottom of the pyramid is the carbohydrate group, recommending 6-11 servings per day—an aspect heavily attacked by modern nutritionists. On the next level up, we have the vegetable group on the left (3-5 servings per day) and the fruit group on the right (2-4 servings per day). The penultimate level consists of the dairy group on the left (2-3 servings per day) and the protein group on the right (2-3 servings per day). All the way up top is the fat group, which you're supposed to avoid whenever possible.

By following the food pyramid, people will capable to protect them self from malnutrition that defined as lack or excessive of nutrients, either under nutrition or over nutrition that capable to cause chronic disease and acute disease. Under nutrition is a nutritional deficiency resulting from lack of food intake or from the inability of the body to convert or absorb nutrients such as protein, vitamins and minerals. In other word, under nutrition is a condition occurs when people do not eat or absorb enough nutrients to cover their needs for energy and growth, or to maintain a healthy immune system. Badly, this condition usually may affect growth and immunity but some cause specific clinical conditions such as iron deficiency anaemia, hypothyroidism or xerophthalmia. Iron deficiency anemia (IDA), the most common form of anemia in which blood lacks adequate healthy red blood cells. As the name implies, iron deficiency anemia is due to insufficient iron. Without enough iron, body cannot produce enough substance called haemoglobin in red blood cells that enables them to carry oxygen. As a result, iron deficiency anemia may leave you tired and short of breath. Hypothyroidism is a condition in which thyroid gland does not produce enough of certain important hormones. When the thyroid does not produce enough hormones, the balance of chemical reactions in body can be upset. One of the factors of hypothyroidism is iodine deficiency or lack of iodine intake because the gland needs enough iodine to produce an insufficient amount of hormone. While xerophthalmia is a condition deficiency of tears or conjunctival secretions and leads to dryness of the eye surfaces caused by.  This condition may be associated with vitamin A deficiency. Other that, the under nutrition problem among pregnancy women will cause unborn and newborn babies. While, overnutrition is the overconsumption of nutrients and food to the point at which health is adversely affected that mainly increased the risk of serious health conditions, including obesity that may lead to cardiovascular disease, hypertension, type-2 diabetes and so on. Obesity is a condition that is associated with having an excess of body fat, defined by genetic and environmental factors that are difficult to control when dieting, and also lack of exercise. The commonest health problem that related to obesity is cardiovascular disease or hearth failure. As the body mass index (BMI) rises, so does the risk for cardiovascular disease such as coronary heart disease (CHD). CHD is a condition in which a waxy substance called plaque builds up inside the coronary arteries. These arteries supply oxygen-rich blood to heart. Plaque can narrow or block the coronary arteries and reduce blood flow to the heart muscle. This can cause angina or a heart attack that may lead to fatal. Other than in coronary artery, the plaque also will be existed in blood vessels. The blockage in the vessels may cause the force of blood pushing against the walls of the arteries as the heart pumps blood. This condition is called as high blood pressure. Other that, the plaque in the vessels also may lead to stroke.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
Nutrition is the act of nourishing or the process by which an individual takes in daily life and utilizes food material

# data[].attributes.headline
NADIA SYAKIRA BINTI IBRAHIM (12211115109)

# data[].attributes.subject
NADIA SYAKIRA BINTI IBRAHIM (12211115109)

# data[].attributes.headline
NADIA SYAKIRA BINTI IBRAHIM (12211115109)

# data[].attributes.subject
NADIA SYAKIRA BINTI IBRAHIM (12211115109)

# data[].attributes.headline
NADIA SYAKIRA BINTI IBRAHIM (1221111509)

# data[].attributes.subject
NADIA SYAKIRA BINTI IBRAHIM (1221111509)

# data[].attributes.headline
NUR ATIQAH BINTI MOHD KHAIRUZAMAN 12211115013

# data[].attributes.subject
NUR ATIQAH BINTI MOHD KHAIRUZAMAN 12211115013

# data[].attributes.body
We live in a world that rapidly changing elements – our environment, food supply,

population and scientific knowledge. Within different environments our bodies, personalities, needs, and goals change. To be realistic with the concept of change and balance, the study must focus on food, nutrition, and health care because ‘’ We Are What We Eat ’’ .

Although we may view health and disease in different ways, a primary basis for preventing disease must always start with good food and the sound the  nutrition it provides. This basic study of nutrition has importance question in two ways that need an urgent answer ;

1. the relationship between nutrient intake and disease/malnutrition, and ;

2. role of nutrient in overcoming malnutrition issues.

The Relationship Between Nutrient Intake And Disease/Malnutrition

Firstly we will discussed on Optimal Nutrition, then what is Malnutrition; how it can affect our daily life, and how bad it can be ; the relationship with the nutrient intake everyday in our life.

Optimal Nutrition means that a person receives and uses substances obtained from a varied and balanced diet of carbohydrates, fats, proteins, minerals, vitamins, and water in ideal amounts. The desired amounts of these nutrients should be balanced to cover variations in health and disease and provide reserve supplies without unnecessary excesses.

Malnutrition is a condition that results from eating a diet in which nutrients are either not enough or are too much such that the diet causes health problems. It may involve calories, protein, carbohydrates, vitamins or minerals. Both undernutrition and overnutrition are form of malnutrition. Such nutritionally deficient people are limited in their physical work capacity, immune system function and mental activity. They lack nutritional reserves to meet any added physiologic or metabolic demands from injury or illness or to sustain fatal development during pregnancy or proper growth in childhood. This state may result from poor eating habits or a continuously stressful environment with little or no available food. Signs of more undernutrition  appear when nutritional reserves are depleted and nutrient and energy intake is not sufficient to meet day-to-day needs or added metabolic process. Many malnourished people live in conditions of poverty or illness.Overnutrition results from excess nutrient and energy intake over time, especially when excess caloric intake produce harmful

body weight. Harmful overnutrition can also occur in persons who consistently use excessive amunts of nutrient supplements, resulting in toxicities.

Many older adults are at risk for developing malnutrition, the lack of adequate nutrition to maintain health. The main cause of malnutrition in older adult is inadequate food and nutrient

intake. A poor appetite or problems with chewing and swallowing may lead to lower food intake. Older adults who care for themselves, may have problems purchasing and transporting food to their homes, and may have difficulties preparing nutritious meals. Many common medications contribute to poor food intake, through side effects such as nausea, dry mouth and gastrointestinal complaints. Malnutrition can also result from diseases or health

conditions that cause problems with the digestion of food and absorption of nutrients.

Role Of Nutrient In Overcoming Malnutrition Issues.

Food is necessity of life. However, many people are only concerned with food insofar as it relieves their hunger or satisfies their appetites, not with whether it supplies their bodies with all components of good nutrition. A lifetime of good nutrition is evidenced by a well-

developed body, the ideal weight for body composition and height, and good muscle

development. In addition, a healthy person’s skin is smooth and clear, the hair is glossy, and the eyes are clear and bright. Appetite, digestion, and elimination are normal. Well- nourished persons are more likely to be mentally and physically alert and have positive outlook on life. They also are more able to resist infectious diseases than undernourished persons. This is particularly important with our current trends of population growth and and ever-increasing life expectancy .

Conclusion

Good food and key nutrients are essential to life and health. In our changing world, an

emphasis disease prevention though reducing health risks has become our primary goal. The

importance of a balanced diet in meeting this goal through the functioning of its component nutrients is fundamental.

# data[].attributes.body
YOU ARE WHAT YOU EAT

Nutrients intake and diseases/malnutrition have always been intricately linked. The nutrients we eat in food gives our bodies the "information" and materials they need to function properly. If we do not get the right information, our metabolic processes suffer and our health declines. If we get too much nutrients, or food that gives our bodies the wrong instructions, we can become overweight and obesity, and at risk for the development of diseases and conditions, such ascancer,diabetes, and heart disease.

Obesity results from imbalance energy intake and energy expenditure. The intakes of high energy have been associated with consumption of food groups beyond recommended amounts of protein, carbohydrate and fat. Excess weight gain, overweight and obesity account for the escalating rates of type 2 diabetes, worldwide. Diabetes leads to increased risk of heart disease, kidney disease, stroke and infections. In addition, cancers indicate that there is a relationship between high fat intake and an increased risk of cancer. High fat diets have been shown to increase the rates of breast, colon, and prostate cancer. Next, calcium-poor diets also lead to a primary risk factor for osteoporosis.

The food that we eat contains nutrients that nourish and keep us healthy. More than 40 nutrients are essential, meaning they are vital for growth and maintaining health. The term essential further denotes that your body cannot produce these nutrients and that you need a constant supply of these nutrients from food. These include carbohydrates, proteins and fats, which are required in large quantities and are referred to as macronutrients, as well as vitamins and minerals, which fall under the micronutrient category, as they are required in smaller quantities.

Dietary intake plays a key role in the development of the obesity,reduced dietary energy and  fat intake are necessary to produce long-term weight loss and prevent obesity.Weight loss also play a big role for all such individuals who have  or are at risk for diabetes. Next,Protein is a part of every cell in the human body, as it is an essential component of all cells, bones, tissues, cartilage, muscles, skin, hair, bones, ligaments and blood plasma.Adequate dietary protein is essential for optimal bone mass gain during childhood and adolescence. It’s also responsible for preserving bone mass with ageing. Calcium and vitamin D are often the two nutrients emphasized for maintaining bone health, especially as you grow older and the risk of osteoporosis increases. However, minerals such as phosphorus, potassium, magnesium, fluoride, iron, copper, manganese, boron and zinc as well as vitamins A, K, C and the B-vitamins are equally important for healthy bones. Include milk, eggs, dairy and dairy products, fruits, vegetables, fortified breads and breakfast cereals in your diet to get adequate amounts of all these nutrients.

In summation, as our standard of living continues to diminish, malnutrition will be a more present health problem within our population. Investing in healthy and nutritious foods and learning how toproperly storeit for long-term use can assist you in maintaining your health and prevent the short and long-term affects of malnourishment.

# data[].attributes.body
YOU ARE WHAT YOU EAT

Nutrients intake and diseases/malnutrition have always been intricately linked. The nutrients we eat in food gives our bodies the "information" and materials they need to function properly. If we do not get the right information, our metabolic processes suffer and our health declines. If we get too much nutrients, or food that gives our bodies the wrong instructions, we can become overweight and obesity, and at risk for the development of diseases and conditions, such ascancer,diabetes, and heart disease.

Obesity results from imbalance energy intake and energy expenditure. The intakes of high energy have been associated with consumption of food groups beyond recommended amounts of protein, carbohydrate and fat. Excess weight gain, overweight and obesity account for the escalating rates of type 2 diabetes, worldwide. Diabetes leads to increased risk of heart disease, kidney disease, stroke and infections. In addition, cancers indicate that there is a relationship between high fat intake and an increased risk of cancer. High fat diets have been shown to increase the rates of breast, colon, and prostate cancer. Next, calcium-poor diets also lead to a primary risk factor for osteoporosis.

The food that we eat contains nutrients that nourish and keep us healthy. More than 40 nutrients are essential, meaning they are vital for growth and maintaining health. The term essential further denotes that your body cannot produce these nutrients and that you need a constant supply of these nutrients from food. These include carbohydrates, proteins and fats, which are required in large quantities and are referred to as macronutrients, as well as vitamins and minerals, which fall under the micronutrient category, as they are required in smaller quantities.

Dietary intake plays a key role in the development of the obesity,reduced dietary energy and  fat intake are necessary to produce long-term weight loss and prevent obesity.Weight loss also play a big role for all such individuals who have  or are at risk for diabetes. Next,Protein is a part of every cell in the human body, as it is an essential component of all cells, bones, tissues, cartilage, muscles, skin, hair, bones, ligaments and blood plasma.Adequate dietary protein is essential for optimal bone mass gain during childhood and adolescence. It’s also responsible for preserving bone mass with ageing. Calcium and vitamin D are often the two nutrients emphasized for maintaining bone health, especially as you grow older and the risk of osteoporosis increases. However, minerals such as phosphorus, potassium, magnesium, fluoride, iron, copper, manganese, boron and zinc as well as vitamins A, K, C and the B-vitamins are equally important for healthy bones. Include milk, eggs, dairy and dairy products, fruits, vegetables, fortified breads and breakfast cereals in your diet to get adequate amounts of all these nutrients.

In summation, as our standard of living continues to diminish, malnutrition will be a more present health problem within our population. Investing in healthy and nutritious foods and learning how toproperly storeit for long-term use can assist you in maintaining your health and prevent the short and long-term affects of malnourishment.

# data[].attributes.body
YOU ARE WHAT YOU EAT

Nutrients intake and diseases/malnutrition have always been intricately linked. The nutrients we eat in food gives our bodies the "information" and materials they need to function properly. If we do not get the right information, our metabolic processes suffer and our health declines. If we get too much nutrients, or food that gives our bodies the wrong instructions, we can become overweight and obesity, and at risk for the development of diseases and conditions, such ascancer,diabetes, and heart disease.

Obesity results from imbalance energy intake and energy expenditure. The intakes of high energy have been associated with consumption of food groups beyond recommended amounts of protein, carbohydrate and fat. Excess weight gain, overweight and obesity account for the escalating rates of type 2 diabetes, worldwide. Diabetes leads to increased risk of heart disease, kidney disease, stroke and infections. In addition, cancers indicate that there is a relationship between high fat intake and an increased risk of cancer. High fat diets have been shown to increase the rates of breast, colon, and prostate cancer. Next, calcium-poor diets also lead to a primary risk factor for osteoporosis.

The food that we eat contains nutrients that nourish and keep us healthy. More than 40 nutrients are essential, meaning they are vital for growth and maintaining health. The term essential further denotes that your body cannot produce these nutrients and that you need a constant supply of these nutrients from food. These include carbohydrates, proteins and fats, which are required in large quantities and are referred to as macronutrients, as well as vitamins and minerals, which fall under the micronutrient category, as they are required in smaller quantities.

Dietary intake plays a key role in the development of the obesity,reduced dietary energy and  fatintake are necessary to produce long-term weight loss and prevent obesity.Weight loss also play a big role for all such individuals who have  or are at risk for diabetes. Next,Protein is a part of every cell in the human body, as it is an essential component of all cells, bones, tissues, cartilage, muscles, skin, hair, bones, ligaments and blood plasma.Adequate dietary protein is essential for optimal bone mass gain during childhood and adolescence. It’s also responsible for preserving bone mass with ageing. Calcium and vitamin D are often the two nutrients emphasized for maintaining bone health, especially as you grow older and the risk of osteoporosis increases. However, minerals such as phosphorus, potassium, magnesium, fluoride, iron, copper, manganese, boron and zinc as well as vitamins A, K, C and the B-vitamins are equally important for healthy bones. Include milk, eggs, dairy and dairy products, fruits, vegetables, fortified breads and breakfast cereals in your diet to get adequate amounts of all these nutrients.

In summation, as our standard of living continues to diminish, malnutrition will be a more present health problem within our population. Investing in healthy and nutritious foods and learning how toproperly storeit for long-term use can assist you in maintaining your health and prevent the short and long-term affects of malnourishment.

# data[].attributes.body
YOU ARE WHAT YOU EAT

Nutrients intake and diseases/malnutrition have always been intricately linked. The nutrients we eat in food gives our bodies the "information" and materials they need to function properly. If we do not get the right information, our metabolic processes suffer and our health declines. If we get too much nutrients, or food that gives our bodies the wrong instructions, we can become overweight and obesity, and at risk for the development of diseases and conditions, such ascancer,diabetes, and heartdisease.

Obesity results from imbalance energy intake and energy expenditure. The intakes of high energy have been associated with consumption of food groups beyond recommended amounts of protein, carbohydrate and fat. Excess weight gain, overweight and obesity account for the escalating rates of type 2 diabetes, worldwide. Diabetes leads to increased risk of heart disease, kidney disease, stroke and infections. In addition, cancers indicate that there is a relationship between high fat intake and an increased risk of cancer. High fat diets have been shown to increase the rates of breast, colon, and prostate cancer. Next, calcium-poor diets also lead to a primary risk factor for osteoporosis.

The food that we eat contains nutrients that nourish and keep us healthy. More than 40 nutrients are essential, meaning they are vital for growth and maintaining health. The term essential further denotes that your body cannot produce these nutrients and that you need a constant supply of these nutrients from food. These include carbohydrates, proteins and fats, which are required in large quantities and are referred to as macronutrients, as well as vitamins and minerals, which fall under the micronutrient category, as they are required in smaller quantities.

Dietary intake plays a key role in the development of the obesity,reduced dietary energy and  fatintake are necessary to produce long-term weight loss and prevent obesity.Weight loss also play a big role for all such individuals who have  or are at risk for diabetes. Next,Protein is a part of every cell in the human body, as it is an essential component of all cells, bones, tissues, cartilage, muscles, skin, hair, bones, ligaments and blood plasma.Adequate dietary protein is essential for optimal bone mass gain during childhood and adolescence. It’s also responsible for preserving bone mass with ageing. Calcium and vitamin D are often the two nutrients emphasized for maintaining bone health, especially as you grow older and the risk of osteoporosis increases. However, minerals such as phosphorus, potassium, magnesium, fluoride, iron, copper, manganese, boron and zinc as well as vitamins A, K, C and the B-vitamins are equally important for healthy bones. Include milk, eggs, dairy and dairy products, fruits, vegetables, fortified breads and breakfast cereals in your diet to get adequate amounts of all these nutrients.

In summation, as our standard of living continues to diminish, malnutrition will be a more present health problem within our population. Investing in healthy and nutritious foods and learning how toproperly storeit for long-term use can assist you in maintaining your health and prevent the short and long-term affects of malnourishment.

# data[].attributes.body
YOU ARE WHAT YOU EAT

Nutrients intake and diseases/malnutrition have always been intricately linked. The nutrients we eat in food gives our bodies the "information" and materials they need to function properly. If we do not get the right information, our metabolic processes suffer and our health declines. If we get too much nutrients, or food that gives our bodies the wrong instructions, we can become overweight and obesity, and at risk for the development of diseases and conditions, such ascancer,diabetes, andheartdisease.

Obesity results from imbalance energy intake and energy expenditure. The intakes of high energy have been associated with consumption of food groups beyond recommended amounts of protein, carbohydrate and fat. Excess weight gain, overweight and obesity account for the escalating rates of type 2 diabetes, worldwide. Diabetes leads to increased risk of heart disease, kidney disease, stroke and infections. In addition, cancers indicate that there is a relationship between high fat intake and an increased risk of cancer. High fat diets have been shown to increase the rates of breast, colon, and prostate cancer. Next, calcium-poor diets also lead to a primary risk factor for osteoporosis.

The food that we eat contains nutrients that nourish and keep us healthy. More than 40 nutrients are essential, meaning they are vital for growth and maintaining health. The term essential further denotes that your body cannot produce these nutrients and that you need a constant supply of these nutrients from food. These include carbohydrates, proteins and fats, which are required in large quantities and are referred to as macronutrients, as well as vitamins and minerals, which fall under the micronutrient category, as they are required in smaller quantities.

Dietary intake plays a key role in the development of the obesity,reduced dietary energy and  fatintake are necessary to produce long-term weight loss and prevent obesity.Weight loss also play a big role for all such individuals who have  or are at risk for diabetes. Next,Protein is a part of every cell in the human body, as it is an essential component of all cells, bones, tissues, cartilage, muscles, skin, hair, bones, ligaments and blood plasma.Adequate dietary protein is essential for optimal bone mass gain during childhood and adolescence. It’s also responsible for preserving bone mass with ageing. Calcium and vitamin D are often the two nutrients emphasized for maintaining bone health, especially as you grow older and the risk of osteoporosis increases. However, minerals such as phosphorus, potassium, magnesium, fluoride, iron, copper, manganese, boron and zinc as well as vitamins A, K, C and the B-vitamins are equally important for healthy bones. Include milk, eggs, dairy and dairy products, fruits, vegetables, fortified breads and breakfast cereals in your diet to get adequate amounts of all these nutrients.

In summation, as our standard of living continues to diminish, malnutrition will be a more present health problem within our population. Investing in healthy and nutritious foods and learning how toproperly storeit for long-term use can assist you in maintaining your health and prevent the short and long-term affects of malnourishment.

# data[].attributes.body
YOU ARE WHAT YOU EAT

Nutrients intake and diseases/malnutrition have always been intricately linked. The nutrients we eat in food gives our bodies the "information" and materials they need to function properly. If we do not get the right information, our metabolic processes suffer and our health declines. If we get too much nutrients, or food that gives our bodies the wrong instructions, we can become overweight and obesity, and at risk for the development of diseases and conditions, such ascancer,diabetes, andheart disease.

Obesity results from imbalance energy intake and energy expenditure. The intakes of high energy have been associated with consumption of food groups beyond recommended amounts of protein, carbohydrate and fat. Excess weight gain, overweight and obesity account for the escalating rates of type 2 diabetes, worldwide. Diabetes leads to increased risk of heart disease, kidney disease, stroke and infections. In addition, cancers indicate that there is a relationship between high fat intake and an increased risk of cancer. High fat diets have been shown to increase the rates of breast, colon, and prostate cancer. Next, calcium-poor diets also lead to a primary risk factor for osteoporosis.

The food that we eat contains nutrients that nourish and keep us healthy. More than 40 nutrients are essential, meaning they are vital for growth and maintaining health. The term essential further denotes that your body cannot produce these nutrients and that you need a constant supply of these nutrients from food. These include carbohydrates, proteins and fats, which are required in large quantities and are referred to as macronutrients, as well as vitamins and minerals, which fall under the micronutrient category, as they are required in smaller quantities.

Dietary intake plays a key role in the development of the obesity,reduced dietary energy and  fatintake are necessary to produce long-term weight loss and prevent obesity.Weight loss also play a big role for all such individuals who have  or are at risk for diabetes. Next,Protein is a part of every cell in the human body, as it is an essential component of all cells, bones, tissues, cartilage, muscles, skin, hair, bones, ligaments and blood plasma.Adequate dietary protein is essential for optimal bone mass gain during childhood and adolescence. It’s also responsible for preserving bone mass with ageing. Calcium and vitamin D are often the two nutrients emphasized for maintaining bone health, especially as you grow older and the risk of osteoporosis increases. However, minerals such as phosphorus, potassium, magnesium, fluoride, iron, copper, manganese, boron and zinc as well as vitamins A, K, C and the B-vitamins are equally important for healthy bones. Include milk, eggs, dairy and dairy products, fruits, vegetables, fortified breads and breakfast cereals in your diet to get adequate amounts of all these nutrients.

In summation, as our standard of living continues to diminish, malnutrition will be a more present health problem within our population. Investing in healthy and nutritious foods and learning how toproperly storeit for long-term use can assist you in maintaining your health and prevent the short and long-term affects of malnourishment.

# data[].attributes.headline
We live in a world that rapidly changing elements – our environment, food supply, population and scientific knowledge. Within different environments our bodies, personalities, needs, and goals change. To be realistic with the concept of change and balance, the study must focus on food, nutrition, and health care because ‘’ We Are What We Eat ’’ .Although we may view health and disease in different ways, a primary basis for preventing disease must always start with good food and the sound the  nutrition it provides. This basic study of nutrition has importance question in two ways that need an urgent answer ;1. the relationship between nutrient intake and disease/malnutrition, and ; 2. role of nutrient in overcoming malnutrition issues.The Relationship Between Nutrient Intake And Disease/MalnutritionFirstly we will discussed on Optimal Nutrition, then what is Malnutrition; how it can affect our daily life, and how bad it can be ; the relationship with the nutrient intake everyday in our life.Optimal Nutrition means that a person receives and uses substances obtained from a varied and balanced diet of carbohydrates, fats, proteins, minerals, vitamins, and water in ideal amounts. The desired amounts of these nutrients should be balanced to cover variations in health and disease and provide reserve supplies without unnecessary excesses.Malnutrition is a condition that results from eating a diet in which nutrients are either not enough or are too much such that the diet causes health problems. It may involve calories, protein, carbohydrates, vitamins or minerals. Both undernutrition and overnutrition are form of malnutrition. Such nutritionally deficient people are limited in their physical work capacity, immune system function and mental activity. They lack nutritional reserves to meet any added physiologic or metabolic demands from injury or illness or to sustain fatal development during pregnancy or proper growth in childhood. This state may result from poor eating habits or a continuously stressful environment with little or no available food. Signs of more undernutrition  appear when nutritional reserves are depleted and nutrient and energy intake is not sufficient to meet day-to-day needs or added metabolic process. Many malnourished people live in conditions of poverty or illness.Overnutrition results from excess nutrient and energy intake over time, especially when excess caloric intake produce harmful body weight. Harmful overnutrition can also occur in persons who consistently use excessive amunts of nutrient supplements, resulting in toxicities.Many older adults are at risk for developing malnutrition, the lack of adequate nutrition to maintain health. The main cause of malnutrition in older adult is inadequate food and nutrient intake. A poor appetite or problems with chewing and swallowing may lead to lower food intake. Older adults who care for themselves, may have problems purchasing and transporting food to their homes, and may have difficulties preparing nutritious meals. Many common medications contribute to poor food intake, through side effects such as nausea, dry mouth and gastrointestinal complaints. Malnutrition can also result from diseases or health conditions that cause problems with the digestion of food and absorption of nutrients.Role Of Nutrient In Overcoming Malnutrition Issues.Food is necessity of life. However, many people are only concerned with food insofar as it relieves their hunger or satisfies their appetites, not with whether it supplies their bodies with all components of good nutrition. A lifetime of good nutrition is evidenced by a well- developed body, the ideal weight for body composition and height, and good muscle development. In addition, a healthy person’s skin is smooth and clear, the hair is glossy, and the eyes are clear and bright. Appetite, digestion, and elimination are normal. Well- nourished persons are more likely to be mentally and physically alert and have positive outlook on life. They also are more able to resist infectious diseases than undernourished persons. This is particularly important with our current trends of population growth and and ever-increasing life expectancy .ConclusionGood food and key nutrients are essential to life and health. In our changing world, an emphasis disease prevention though reducing health risks has become our primary goal. The importance of a balanced diet in meeting this goal through the functioning of its component nutrients is fundamental.

# data[].attributes.subject
We live in a world that rapidly changing elements – our environment, food supply, population and scientific knowledge. Within different environments our bodies, personalities, needs, and goals change. To be realistic with the concept of change and balance, the study must focus on food, nutrition, and health care because ‘’ We Are What We Eat ’’ .Although we may view health and disease in different ways, a primary basis for preventing disease must always start with good food and the sound the  nutrition it provides. This basic study of nutrition has importance question in two ways that need an urgent answer ;1. the relationship between nutrient intake and disease/malnutrition, and ; 2. role of nutrient in overcoming malnutrition issues.The Relationship Between Nutrient Intake And Disease/MalnutritionFirstly we will discussed on Optimal Nutrition, then what is Malnutrition; how it can affect our daily life, and how bad it can be ; the relationship with the nutrient intake everyday in our life.Optimal Nutrition means that a person receives and uses substances obtained from a varied and balanced diet of carbohydrates, fats, proteins, minerals, vitamins, and water in ideal amounts. The desired amounts of these nutrients should be balanced to cover variations in health and disease and provide reserve supplies without unnecessary excesses.Malnutrition is a condition that results from eating a diet in which nutrients are either not enough or are too much such that the diet causes health problems. It may involve calories, protein, carbohydrates, vitamins or minerals. Both undernutrition and overnutrition are form of malnutrition. Such nutritionally deficient people are limited in their physical work capacity, immune system function and mental activity. They lack nutritional reserves to meet any added physiologic or metabolic demands from injury or illness or to sustain fatal development during pregnancy or proper growth in childhood. This state may result from poor eating habits or a continuously stressful environment with little or no available food. Signs of more undernutrition  appear when nutritional reserves are depleted and nutrient and energy intake is not sufficient to meet day-to-day needs or added metabolic process. Many malnourished people live in conditions of poverty or illness.Overnutrition results from excess nutrient and energy intake over time, especially when excess caloric intake produce harmful body weight. Harmful overnutrition can also occur in persons who consistently use excessive amunts of nutrient supplements, resulting in toxicities.Many older adults are at risk for developing malnutrition, the lack of adequate nutrition to maintain health. The main cause of malnutrition in older adult is inadequate food and nutrient intake. A poor appetite or problems with chewing and swallowing may lead to lower food intake. Older adults who care for themselves, may have problems purchasing and transporting food to their homes, and may have difficulties preparing nutritious meals. Many common medications contribute to poor food intake, through side effects such as nausea, dry mouth and gastrointestinal complaints. Malnutrition can also result from diseases or health conditions that cause problems with the digestion of food and absorption of nutrients.Role Of Nutrient In Overcoming Malnutrition Issues.Food is necessity of life. However, many people are only concerned with food insofar as it relieves their hunger or satisfies their appetites, not with whether it supplies their bodies with all components of good nutrition. A lifetime of good nutrition is evidenced by a well- developed body, the ideal weight for body composition and height, and good muscle development. In addition, a healthy person’s skin is smooth and clear, the hair is glossy, and the eyes are clear and bright. Appetite, digestion, and elimination are normal. Well- nourished persons are more likely to be mentally and physically alert and have positive outlook on life. They also are more able to resist infectious diseases than undernourished persons. This is particularly important with our current trends of population growth and and ever-increasing life expectancy .ConclusionGood food and key nutrients are essential to life and health. In our changing world, an emphasis disease prevention though reducing health risks has become our primary goal. The importance of a balanced diet in meeting this goal through the functioning of its component nutrients is fundamental.

# data[].attributes.headline
PUTRI NORZIANA OKTAFIA BINTI MOHD YUSUF (12211115031)

# data[].attributes.subject
PUTRI NORZIANA OKTAFIA BINTI MOHD YUSUF (12211115031)

# data[].attributes.headline
NORAMANINA ZULIANA BINTI MOHD ROSLI (12211115169)

# data[].attributes.subject
NORAMANINA ZULIANA BINTI MOHD ROSLI (12211115169)

# data[].attributes.body
NOR AINI BINTI HUSSAIN

12211115008

BCLS GROUP 2

Today the malaysian diet very different to compare with fifty years ago,when people ate most meals at home with families with their own cultivation and livestock. It are more fresh and also less-processed foods.But today as we can see,people have much less time to prepare food at home,eat more processed foods and convenient to take fast foods. Then , they very like take any foods contain added sugar.Added sugar is the single worst ingredient in modern diet. It can have harmful effects on metabolism and contribute to all sorts of diseases. That why people now days got many diseases. They did not care about nutrient in each food they taken. So, the sentence of “you are what you eat” are suitable for this issues.

All diseases or malnutrition has relationship with nutrient intake.An essential nutrient is a nutrient that the body cannot synthesize on its own or not to an adequate amount  and must be provided by the diet.The six essential nutrients include carbohydrates, protein, fat, vitamins,minerals and water.These nutrients are necessary for the body to function properly. Normal functioning of the human body requires a balance between nutritional intake and metabolism, and imbalances manifest as nutritional deficiencies or excess. The nutrients you  take in each day not only give you energy to carry out your activities but also provide biological and chemical molecules to support your health. Excessive nutrients can, over time, lead to unwanted weight gain, affect your metabolic processes and increase your risk of nutritional toxicities. Then, a nutritional deficiency occurs when the body doesn’t absorb the necessary amount of a nutrient. Deficiencies can lead to a variety of health problems, such as problems of digestion, skin problems, stunted or defective bone growth, and even dementia.
Therefore has several role of nutrient in overcoming malnutrition and to balancing your daily nutrients. It for assures you have sufficient material to meet your needs but not so much it negatively impacts your well-being. Start with make at least half of the grains you consume whole grains. Whole grains and fruit are full of fiber, which reduces the risk of coronary heart disease and helps maintain normal blood glucose levels.Nine of the 20 amino acids, known as essential amino acids, then it must be provided in the diet as they cannot be synthesized in the body.Ten to 35 percent of your daily calories should come from lean protein sources such as low-fat meat, dairy, beans or eggs.Then,make sure limit intake of saturated fats such as high-fat meats and full-fat dairy. For healthy body, it is important to eat plenty of foods that are high in vitamin A, including green-yellow vegetables such as carrots, kale, broccoli, and sweet potatoes, or reddish-yellow fruits like apricots, papaya, and peaches. Lastly, should consume 25 to 35 milliliters of fluids per kilogram body weight or 2 to 3 liters per day. Water helps to maintain homeostasis in the body, transports nutrients to cells and assists in removing waste products from the body.

# data[].attributes.body
NURFIEZA ASYIKIN BINTI ADANAN

12211115011

BCLS

You are what you eat. We have all heard it, but most of us probably do not believe it. In fact that, our whole body are made from nutrient that we extract from the food without resembling those foods. The nutritional content of what we eat determines the composition of our cell membranes, blood and hormones. Consider that there are cell in our body that died or matured every day and must replace them. Our body was actually manufactured out of the food that we consumed.

Malnutrition is caused by eating a diet in which nutrients are not enough or are too much such that it causes health problems/deficiency. It is a category of malnutrition diseases that includes under nutrition and over nutrition. Over nutrition means the intake of nutrients is oversupplied or over the body limitation, while under nutrition is nutrient deficiency which means the consummation of nutrient is not enough for the body system. Malnutrition is causes by inadequate or unbalanced diet and lack of single vitamin in the diet.

We will know the right portion of nutrients needed daily in our body provided based on the food pyramid. In everyday life, we need to take mostly on the carbohydrates with 6-11 servings, the fruits and vegetables from 3-5 servings, proteins and dairy products 2-3 servings and fats is the nutrient that should be taken with most cautious and little. Commonly people that face over nutrition have taken the fats excessively and out of body needs. Fat is good and beneficial for supplying heat to our body, keeping our body temperature in an optimum level, especially in a cold weather. But when the individuals consume fats more than the daily limits, this will leads to the serious disease and deficiency such as obesity, atherosclerosis, heart attack, stroke, diabetes and excess visceral fat in their body.And as for those people who faces under nutrition, the presents of nutrients in foods help them live healthily, gaining back the sufficient nutrients needed. The carbohydrate provides them with energy which will make them stronger, while the proteins will make the muscles in a good condition, helping the muscles to grow fits. Whereas the fruit and vegetables supplies fibres, vitamins and minerals to their body; preventing them from constipation, improving their health of skins and visions especially night vision. Every colour of vegetables has their own roles especially the green leaves, which mainly contributes as anti-cancer in our body.

In a nutshell, the consummation of nutrient without aware of the disease and deficiency that coming through is a bad move to our healthy lifestyle. In conclusion, eating too much certain food makes us over nutrition and consume too little nutrient that lead to under nutrition are also  linked to chronic disease, so in order to stay fit and healthy beside exercise regularly, the food intake also play an important role in our daily life. Stay fit, stay healthy.

# data[].attributes.headline
Mohamed Belqadri Bin Mohamed Taufik :) (12212115043) BEHC

# data[].attributes.subject
Mohamed Belqadri Bin Mohamed Taufik :) (12212115043) BEHC

# data[].attributes.body
Name   : Mohamed Belqadri Bin Mohamed Taufik

I/D  : 12212115043

Programme  : BEHC Sem 1

YOU ARE WHAT YOU EAT

1. The relationship between nutrient intake and diseases / malnutrition

Malnutrition, is defined as underweight, is a serious public-health problem that has been linked to a substantial increase in the risk of mortality and morbidity. Many factors can cause malnutrition, most of which relate to poor diet or severe and repeated infections, particularly in underprivileged populations.

Nutrients found in all foods and drinks provide nourishment for the body. This nourishment is in the form of substances which provide energy, building blocks for bone, muscle, organs, hormones and blood substances needed for processes to occur in the body (like digestion) and substances that protect the body.

Nutrients are drawn from a wide variety of foods and the more varied your diet, the more likely you are to obtain all the nutrients you need.

There are no specific dietary intakes recommended for the prevention of chronic diseases, only "safe ranges" that are considered consistent with the maintenance of health in a population as a whole. If population averages fall outside this range, health concerns are likely to arise.

Dietary recommendations for a population should aim at minimizing the risk of developing diseases. The risk of developing a particular disease linked to a particular risk factor should be assessed based on the results of multiple controlled trials. Moreover, the risk of many diet-related problems is also linked to environmental factors which lead to changes in behavior and particularly to excess weight gain.

Some of the examples of disease related to malnutrition are scurvy, rickets, goiter and etc.

2. The role of nutrient in overcoming malnutrition issues

Malnutrition can affect anyone; however it is particularly common amongst older people and those who are socially isolated as a result of poor mobility, poor physical health or mental health problems. It can occur over a long period of time which sometimes makes it difficult to spot.

One of the roles of nutrient is to meet the body’s needs to avoid and prevent malnutrition. Optimum nutritions basically providing all nutrients in both kind and amount.

The best method of practice is to follow the Food Pyramid. Accordingly, eat most from the base of the pyramid and eat less from the peak, for an example, a person should consume 8-12 servings of Carbohydrates per day. Examples of carbohydrates are bread, cereal, rice and pasta. For fruits and vegetable, 5 servings per day of dietary fibre. Fish, meat and nuts are in the protein class, and should be consume 2-3 servings per day. Milk, yogurt and cheese need to be only consume 1-2 servings per day and finally, the least but needed for our body is fat, which is oil, sugar and salt.

# data[].attributes.headline
Mohamed Belqadri Bin Mohamed Taufik :) (12212115043) BEHC

# data[].attributes.subject
Mohamed Belqadri Bin Mohamed Taufik :) (12212115043) BEHC

# data[].attributes.body
Name   : Mohamed Belqadri Bin Mohamed Taufik

I/D  : 12212115043

Programme  : BEHC Sem 1

YOU ARE WHAT YOU EAT

1. The relationship between nutrient intake and diseases / malnutrition

Malnutrition,is defined as underweight, is a serious public-health problem that has been linked to a substantial increase in the risk of mortality and morbidity. Many factors can cause malnutrition, most of which relate to poor diet or severe and repeated infections, particularly in underprivileged populations.

Nutrients found in all foods and drinks provide nourishment for the body. This nourishment is in the form of substances which provide energy, building blocks for bone, muscle, organs, hormones and blood substances needed for processes to occur in the body (like digestion) and substances that protect the body.

Nutrients are drawn from a wide variety of foods and the more varied your diet, the more likely you are to obtain all the nutrients you need.

There are no specific dietary intakes recommended for the prevention of chronic diseases, only "safe ranges" that are considered consistent with the maintenance of health in a population as a whole. If population averages fall outside this range, health concerns are likely to arise.

Dietary recommendations for a population should aim at minimizing the risk of developing diseases. The risk of developing a particular disease linked to a particular risk factor should be assessed based on the results of multiple controlled trials. Moreover, the risk of many diet-related problems is also linked to environmental factors which lead to changes in behavior and particularly to excess weight gain.

Some of the examples of disease related to malnutrition are scurvy, rickets, goiter and etc.

2. The role of nutrient in overcoming malnutrition issues

Malnutrition can affect anyone; however it is particularly common among older people and those who are socially isolated as a result of poor mobility, poor physical health or mental health problems. It can occur over a long period of time which sometimes makes it difficult to spot.

One of the roles of nutrient is to meet the body’s needs to avoid and prevent malnutrition. Optimum nutritions basically providing all nutrients in both kind and amount.

The best method of practice is to follow the Food Pyramid. Accordingly, eat most from the base of the pyramid and eat less from the peak, for an example, a person should consume 8-12 servings of Carbohydrates per day. Examples of carbohydrates are bread, cereal, rice and pasta. For fruits and vegetable, 5 servings per day of dietary fibre. Fish, meat and nuts are in the protein class, and should be consume 2-3 servings per day. Milk, yogurt and cheese need to be only consume 1-2 servings per day and finally, the least but needed for our body is fat, which is oil, sugar and salt.

# data[].attributes.body
Noor Shamimi Rahim Ghani (12212115080)

YOU ARE WHAT YOU EAT

People always used the phrase “You Are What You Eat” whenever they want to advice us on our food intake. Do we ever think what the meaning of this phrase is? Well, this phrase emphasizes the importance of a good diet as a key to good health. So good diet or in other hand called healthy diet is consuming the right quantities of foods from all food groups in order to lead a healthy life. Diet is often referred to as some dietary regimen for losing weight. However, diet simply means what food we eat in the course of a 24-hour, one week, or one month, etc. period. A good diet is a nutritional lifestyle that promotes good health. A good diet must include several food groups because one single group cannot provide everything a human needs for good health.

When we talked about the relationship between nutrient intake and malnutrition there are huge impact on how much nutrient we took and how does it affects our health. As we all know, malnutrition is the primary cause of immunodeficiency worldwide, and we are learning more and more about the pathogenesis of this interaction. Micronutrient deficiencies have effects such as poor growth, impaired intellect, and increased mortality and susceptibility to infection. Nutritional deficiencies associated with pregnancy are associated with poor immune response to infection. Because this immune deficiency is partially compensated by breast-feeding, this is the single best way to protect infants from infection. Malnutrition and nutritional alterations, common complications of human immunodeficiency virus infection, include disorders of food intake, nutrient absorption, and intermediary metabolism and play a significant and independent role in morbidity and mortality. Malnutrition is the primary cause of immunodeficiency worldwide, with infants, children, adolescents, and the elderly most affected. There is a strong relationship between malnutrition and infection and infant mortality, because poor nutrition leaves children underweight, weakened, and vulnerable to infections, primarily because of epithelial integrity and inflammation. It was believed that protein deficiency (kwashiorkor), more than total calorie deficiency (marasmus), was the predominant basis of nutrition problems, because severe protein deficiency bore a definite relationship to antibody formation and the development of the immune system in infants and children. The focus then changed to energy, with the assumption that if a person consumed enough kilocalories of energy, all nutrient needs would be met. Vitamin deficiency, stunted growth, skin infections, hair loss, increased illness and even death are all contributing factors to being malnourished. Malnutrition can also occur from improper water treatment. Globally, untreated water is one of the leading causes of malnutrition. As a result, an individual who is malnourished can have severe, or prolonged diarrhea, renal failure, infection, or diseases that cause the malabsorption of nutrients in the small intestine. Children, particularly infants and those under five years of age are also at an increased risk for malnutrition due to a greater need for energy and nutrients during periods of rapid growth and development. Elderlyadults are also prone to malnutrition as a result of a decrease in both the appetite and intestinal function. Therefore, preventative measure should be put in place for these vulnerable age groups to ward off this health issue.

By taking enough nutrients, it can overcome the malnutrition issues as the causes of malnutrition is the lack of nutrients itself. Malnutrition occurs when the body is not getting enough of the nutrients it needs to stay healthy and can develop if a person stops eating properly, or if the body needs more nutrients than normal. Carbohydrates provide the body with energy. They also have a symbiotic relationship with proteins by protecting the protein stores in the body. The brain optimally uses carbohydrates for energy, but when there is insufficient carbohydrate consumption for several weeks, the body does not metabolize fatty acids completely and as result body protein will also be lost, and the body will generally become weakened. Protein is a part of every cell in the human body. Also, equally as important, proteins provide the body with a special form of nitrogen that the body cannot get from carbohydrates or lipids. Proteins also help regulate the pH, or acid-base balance, in the blood, are necessary for the synthesis of many hormones and enzymes, and participate in important cell formation for cells vital for the immune system. In the case of starvation, excessive muscle tissue is wasted and results in diminished health. As much as we would like to eliminate fats from our regular diets, this food source actually plays a vital role in maintaining healthy skin and hair, insulating body organs against shock, maintaining body temperature, and promoting healthy cell function. They also serve as energy stores for the body. In addition, Vitamins A, D, E, and K are fat-soluble, meaning they can only be digested, absorbed, and transported in conjunction with fats. Fats are also sources of essential fatty acids, an important dietary requirement and also serves as a useful buffer towards a host of diseases. The USDA suggests that about 30-35% of your daily calorie intake should come from fat. Vitamins and minerals are needed for overall health and provide protection against infection and diseases, help the body grow, help the body’s metabolism and assist in the removal of waste products. It is recommended to obtain your vitamin intake through fresh fruits and vegetables with a regular diet. However, when dietary sources are limited, taking vitamin supplements is an excellent alternative. Amounts vary for children, seniors, lactating or pregnant women, smokers, heavy alcohol drinkers, stressed, those with chronic diseases or those who consume less than 2,000 calories per day.

In a nutshell, one should always practice a healthy diet to avoid malnutrition. This is because lack of nutrient intake can higher the risk of having malnutrition. Thus, this statement really suits the “You Are What You Eat” phrase because what you eat will effects your health as what people used to say, “What You Give You’ll Get Back”. So, hereby I totally agree with the phrase “You Are What You Eat”.

# data[].attributes.body
NAME: MOHAMAD JALALUDDIN BIN MOHAMAD SANUSI (BEHC)

ID.NO: 12212115104

“You are what you eat”. We often heard this quotation but do we know the meaning of it? People often misinterpreted the meaning of it, they thought it mean you are a potato if you eat potato. This is false interpretation. The true meaning is : The notion that to be fit and healthy you need to eat good food. This phrase has come to us via quite a tortuous route. Anthelme Brillat-Savarin wrote, inPhysiologie du Gout, ou Meditations de Gastronomie Transcendante, 1826:

"Dis-moi ce que tu manges, je te dirai ce que tu es." [Tell me what you eat and I will tell you what you are].

That translates into English as 'man is what he eats'.

Neither Brillat-Savarin or Feuerbach meant their quotations to be taken literally. They were stating that that the food one eats has a bearing on what one's state of mind and health.

The actual phrase didn't emerge in English until some time later. In the 1920s and 30s, the nutritionist Victor Lindlahr, who was a strong believer in the idea that food controls health, developed the Catabolic Diet. That view gained some adherents at the time and the earliest known printed example is from an advert for beef in a 1923 edition of the Bridgeport Telegraph, for 'United Meet [sic] Markets':

"Ninety per cent of the diseases known to man are caused by cheap foodstuffs. You are what you eat."

Furthermore, if we do not get enough nutrients or get excessive nutrients, we will be having a malnutrition .In other words, we have higher possibility to get diseases. The nutrients we take play important roles in our daily life. Malnutrition increases the risk of infectious and weakens every part of the immune systems. It is divided into two, undernutrition which is lack of nutrients and overnutrition which is excessive of nutrients. One of the example of undernutrition is diarrhea. It can cause malnutrition through decreased intake of food, decreased of nutrient absorption, increased in metabolic requirements and direct nutrient loss. The example of overnutrition is obesity which we always heard nowadays. The obesity occur because we tend to have fast foods compare to nutritious foods. Thus, we take more fat and sugar.

Apart from that, Our health actually is based on our nutrient intake. Either we take excessive or  less nutrition we could get disease or malnutrition. As example , if we are  lack of protein we could get kwashiokor, while lack of protein and fat cause marasmus. Excessive protein can cause dehydration and cause of calcium deficiency. Next, lack insoluble fiber can cause constipation and hemorrhoids. While, vitamin deficiency diseases such as pellagra because lack of vitamin B , rickets because lack of vitamin D and scurvy because lack of vitamin C. Then , lack of calcium cause osteoporosis which commonly found in older females. Excessive of carbohydrate and fat can cause chronic disease such as heart disease , cancer , stroke , diabetes. Diabetes is because of no insulin or insufficient insulin.

Last but not least,  taking a balance nutrient in our daily diet is very important. By taking a balance diet, it actually can bring a lot of benefit to us .Death rates from infectious diseases and diseases like heart attack and hypertension could be reduced .So we are what we eat.

# data[].attributes.body
NAME : NOR FADZILAH BINTI MOHAMED

STUDENT ID : 12211115187

GROUP : 2

COURSE : BACHELOR OF CLINICAL LABORATORY SCIENCE

SUBJECT : PRINCIPLE OF HUMAN NUTRITION (HCB 11403)

You are what you eat. We have all heard it, but most of us probably do not believe it. In fact that, our whole body are made from nutrient that we extract from the food without resembling those foods. The nutritional content of what we eat determines the composition of our cell membranes, blood and hormones. Consider that there are cell in our body that died or matured everyday and must replace them. Our body was actually manufactured out of the food that we consumed.

The situation that happened when our body does not get enough energy protein and other nutrients was called malnutrition. Malnutrition disease was divided by two types, that are undernutrition and overnutrition. Undernutrition is the situation when a person becoming an extremely thin, losing muscle tissue and becoming prone to infected and disease due to deficiency of energy. Meanwhile, overnutrition is an excess of energy or nutrient that will lead to obesity and vulnerable to diseases. This sustained malnourishment can harm our body not only by affecting the composition and functional of our body and also the processing of nutrients within the body known as metabolism. Common sequences of malnutrition include a greater chance of infection, slower wound healing, weakness or fatigue, decreased bone strength and impaired functioning of the heart, lungs and gastrointestinal (GI) system. Indeed, persisting malnutrition can be life threatening.

That is why we should eat a variety of foods in healthy ways to give all the nutrients that our body needed. The nutrient that we take will play an important role in our life. Our body needs carbohydrate, protein, fat, fiber, minerals, vitamins, electrolytes and water to survive. Obtaining the correct balance and quantities of these nutrients is essential to our health and well being; for example to promote growth, overcome illness and damage, to provides energy and allow proper functioning of our body’s systems. The exact requirement for each nutrient is determined by age, sex and activity levels.

Thus, we can conclude that everybody should take the healthy and enough foods based on recommended dietary intakes by our dietician to ensure our body have enough energy to do our daily activities.

# data[].attributes.body
Mohamad Amri Abqarei bin Mohamad Dasuki  -12211115102-  (BEHC)

YOU ARE WHAT YOU EAT

There’s a saying, eat anything you want, as possible. Well, though, it is not a good normal healthy lifestyle. Undeniably, no wonder that nowadays there’s a sharp increase on the amount of the people who suffer obesity. Many people thought that it is just a normal and an inevitable case. Somehow, they didn’t get the awareness on how important a healthy nutrition to someone. An excess eating, stress eating and dining choose could not help to lead someone to have a perfect healthy nutrition.

Malnutrition is caused by eating a diet in which nutrients are not enough or are too much such that it causes health problems. It is a category of diseases that includes under nutrition and over nutrition. Over nutrition means the intake of nutrients is oversupplied while under nutrition is nutrient deficiency. Malnutrition is causes by inadequate or unbalanced diet and lack of single vitamin in the diet.

Efforts to improve nutrition are some of the most effective forms of development aid. Breastfeeding can reduce rates of malnutrition and death in children. Treating malnutrition, mostly through fortifying foods with micronutrients (vitamins and minerals), improves lives at a lower cost and shorter time than other forms of aid. Micronutrient supplements is ranked as number one.

Basically, many people didn’t know the true meaning of nutrition. Nutrition is the science that interprets the interaction of nutrients and other substances infood in relation to maintenance, growth, reproduction, health and disease of an organism. These are, indeed, the important elements that could affect our health, in terms of body weight, illness and blood pressure respectively. This nutrition also includes food intake, absorption and excretion. Let me repeat the word again, FOOD INTAKE. Something that many people not concern about. They tend to not follow the food pyramid in their food intake. And commonly they choose to take meals that contain more fats and sugar. Why? That’s a simple question with simple answer. Because that’s the most delicious meal, obviously. Well then, it is important for me to define and clarify about fats and its effect.

Firstly, too much fat in your nutrition, can raise your cholesterol level. And what that means? It can increase the risk of getting heart disease. As the matter of fact, there are two types of fats, and that are saturated and unsaturated fat. And it is saturated fat that can raise the cholesterol level. Therefore, cutting down on saturated fat is the one of aspect that can reduce the risk of getting heart disease. These doesn’t seem like a very big issue, but trust me, when it comes to heart health, you are better off focusing on your overall diet than on individual nutrients such as fat or sugar. A balanced and nutritious diet is considered one of the best ways to reduce your risk of developing cardiovascular diseases.

Last but not least, a perfect and healthy nutrition can be practiced if calories in the body are being cut down. Too much calories in our body can put our health in danger, with the numerous diseases such as heart disease, diabetes and stroke await. Typically, people tend to take foods or snakes with lots of calories. More dangerously, they didn’t even know how much the calories in the food that they eat so often. Take curry puff as a simple example. One curry puff contain 80 calories, respectively. And imagine when someone take 3 curry puffs in one meal. More worse, imagine when someone take a fried meal, with an excess oil. Consuming more calories than we need leads to weight gain and carrying excess weight, thus puts us at greater risk of a whole range of getting serious health problems. Furthermore, it’s not just food we need to cut down on, some drinks can also be high in calories, with the likes of cokes, mocha, fruit drink and sweet tea. As the matter of fact, a regular cup of 20 oz. regular coke contain 280 calories. Therefore, an important part of a healthy diet is eating the right amount of calories, so that you balance the energy you put into your body with the energy you use. As a guide, men need around 2,500kcal (10,500kJ) a day to maintain a healthy body weight, and women need around 2,000kcal a day (8,400kJ), basically. It is not too easy to do it, but at least try to meet the prescribed number of calories.

As a conclusion, healthy and balanced nutrition is important to everyone. Our bodies need food, as food is essential to our bodies to –

-develop, replace and repair cells and tissues;

-produce energy to keep warm, move and work;

-carry out chemical processes such as the digestion of food;

-protect against, resist and fight infection and recover from sickness

Therefore, it is important to take nutrition as a serious thing. Anything that we eat, it can come back to us, whether it is a good health, or a bad and hazardous disease. Make sure your food intake is normal, and obey the food pyramid is the best thing that we can do for the good sake of our health.

# data[].attributes.body
HANNA SYAZANA BINTI MOHD ISMAIL

12212115149

BEHC

We are what we eat. We must eat to live. But there may be times when our enjoyment of food is more important to us so that we do not realize about the amount of nutrients we take. Factors such as age, sex, lifestyle, family, economic, and environment affect our daily food choices. Flavour and texture are important things that influence our food choice. There is various type of food out there that we attracted more. Food is a mixture of chemical, some of which are essential for normal body function. There are six classes of nutrients in food which are carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, vitamins, minerals, and water. On this paper, we will discuss about the relationship between nutrient intake and diseases or malnutrition and the role of nutrient in overcoming malnutrition issues. Malnutrition occurs when the diet contain an incorrect amount of one or more nutrients.

Based on our study, protein energy malnutrition is a general term used to describe the spectrum of illness caused by an inadequate diet deficient in protein, and often in energy too. There are two extreme forms which is kwashiorkor due to a dietary deficiency of protein and marasmus due to dietary deficiencies of both protein and energy. We also need vitamins in our diet for specific biochemical functions in our body. Deficiency of vitamin A will lead to difficulty seeing in dim light and rough or dry skin. Intakes of excess vitamin A lead to increased headaches, skin irritation, pain in joints and bones, coma, an even death. In children a vitamin D deficiency can result in rickets, deformed bones, retarded growth, and soft teeth. In adults a vitamin D deficiency can result in softened bones, spontaneous fractures, and tooth decay. Excessive vitamin D in the body will build up of calcium in our blood, which can cause appetite and kidney problems also may occur. Deficiency of vitamin E can causes problems such as poor transmission of nerve impulses, muscle weakness, and degeneration of the retina that can cause blindness. High intakes of vitamin E have been associated with the prevention of ischaemic heart disease and cancer. Deficiency of vitamin K will lead to tendency to bleed or hemorrhage and anemia. Nowadays, many people take supplements such as vitamin C for their interested. Large doses are excreted via the kidneys. Very high intake of vitamin C will lead to diarrhoea and increased risk of oxalate stones in the kidney. Also because the body adapts to this high intake, it may result in scurvy developing. Many people avoid carbohydrates due to concerns about weight gain. It was an energy source and necessary for us to think and remain active. Lack of carbohydrates can cause low blood sugar and ketosis. Lipoproteins are complex particles composed of multiple proteins which transport all fat molecules around the body within the water outside cells. High-density lipoprotein (HDL) also known as “good cholesterol” protects the heart. This form of cholesterol transport harmful cholesterol out of the arteries. However, low-density lipoprotein (LDL) also known as “bad cholesterol” will creates an obstruction in the arteries and leads to reduced blood flow, which can cause serious health complications. Drinking water helps maintain the balance of body fluids where it functions in transportation of nutrients in our body. Keeping the body fully hydrated is essential for heart health. When the body is dehydrated, the blood becomes thicker causing resistance to blood flow, resulting in increased blood pressure. Dehydration can also lead to a rise in blood cholesterol which can increase the risk of coronary heart disease.

Nutrition refers to the nurturing of our body, in our ability to keep it healthy and functioning as it is supposed to do. Our ability to provide the body with all the necessary food, vitamins, and minerals so that we continue to thrive in our daily life processes.

In conclusion, nutrients are important in the diet. Poor dietary intake will cause high incidence of malnutrition. Diet can cause disease when it contains too little or too much of a specific nutrient, if it contains dietary toxins, or when the food eaten is poisonous or contaminated.

# data[].attributes.body
NORASHILLA BINTI ABDUL RAHIM (12211115006 / BCLS)

As we know, all the food we eat have their own nutrient either little or too much. Nutrient is chemical substances in foods that provides energy as well as structure and help regulate the body process.

Based on the questions that the relationship between nutrient intake and disease is ‘if you take healthy food you will be healthy, but if you take the unhealthy food in your lifestyle you will be unhealthy’. Six basic nutrients required for good health is carbohydrates, fat, protein, vitamin and minerals. Each basic nutrients have advantages and disadvantages if take too much or too little in our lifestyle.

Carbohydrate is critical to sufficient energy intake and overall health. It can be grouped into two categories, simple and complex.  Simple carbohydrates are sugars whereas complex carbohydrates consist of starch and dietary fibre. Simple carbohydrates made of just one or two sugar molecules. They are the quickest source of energy, as they are very rapidly digested. Chemically, they can be divided into simple sugars, such as fructose found in fruits, and starches, found in grain-based foods and starchy vegetables such as legumes.

Consuming too many carbohydrates, can increase your risk of several disorders, including Type 2 diabetes, because blood sugar increases make the pancreas not function to produce insulin. Uncontrolled high blood sugar can lead to ketoacidosis a life threatening condition that causes shortness of breath, nausea, vomiting and even coma.

A diet containing too many carbohydrates can raise your blood level of triglycerides, a type of unhealthy fat that travels in your blood. High triglyceride levels can significantly raise your risk of heart disease. A high-carbohydrate diet can effects on your blood vessels. High-carbohydrate meal, especially one containing foods with high glycemic loads, their arteries became rapidly enlarged. This effect could damage artery walls and lead to atherosclerosis and other vascular disorders.

Sugar, a type of unhealthy carbohydrate, has addictive properties similar as sugar addiction. A sugar addiction can lead to nutrient deficiencies, overweight and obesity.

Protein from food is broken down into amino acids by the digestive system. These amino acids are then used for building and repairing muscles, red blood cells, hair and other tissues, and for making hormones.  Main sources of protein are animal products like meat, fish, poultry, milk, cheese and eggs and vegetable sources like legumes (beans, lentils, dried peas, nuts) and seeds. However, consuming too much protein can cause health problems, including high cholesterol, gout and kidney disease.

Take the high protein in your daily routine can help your loss weight but in a short term effect of high protein consumption, as your body can only use about 8 grams of protein per pound of body weight. If you continue to consume excessive amounts of protein each day, your body will store what it cannot use as fat, putting you at risk for a multitude of health problems. Weight training, which adds muscle mass to your body and increases your need for protein, may minimize the accumulation of body fat from high protein intake, but you should still avoid taking in more than your body can use.

Second disease a related with take the protein too much is kidney disease. A high-protein diet may increase calcium and oxalate excretion, which promotes the growth of kidney stones. It also may inhibit your body's production of substances in urine that prevent kidney stones from forming.

For the more, the third disease a related with the high protein is gout. Intakes too much of meat and fish with higher rates of gout, a type of arthritic joint inflammation caused by a built  up of uric acid in the blood.

Believe it or not, a healthy body needs fats. Getting the right kind and amount of dietary fat, however, can be tricky. If you eat too much of the wrong kind of fat, you increase your risk for health problems. Function of fats same like carbohydrates and proteins, fats are nutrients that supply energy to your body. This not only supports physical activity but also keeps your body's internal processes working at their optimal level. Fat is an important part of cell membranes and influences how your body's muscles respond to insulin.

Gallstones are made up of hardened cholesterol. Diets high in fat, cholesterol, and low in fiber lead to incidences of more gallstones. More fiber leads to fewer gallstones. It is believed that the fiber binds the cholesterol in the colon and helps it to exit out of the system.

Besides that, intake much fat can make the skin problem like acne, blackheads, and white heads are other examples of fatty degeneration. Sticky, thick, saturated fats and trans-fatty acids clog the narrow pores and cause infection and pimples. It would seem as if pores are designed for only the fluid like quality of the essential fatty acids.

Next, vitamins help to regulate chemical reactions in the body.  There are 13 vitamins, including vitamins A, B complex, C, D, E, and K.  Because most vitamins cannot be made in the body, we must obtain them through the diet.  Many people say that they feel more energetic after consuming vitamins, but vitamins are not a source of energy (calories).  Vitamins are best consumed through a varied diet rather than as a supplement because there is little chance of taking too high a dose.

Too much vitamin C or zinc could cause nausea, diarrhea, and stomach cramps. Too much selenium could lead to hair loss, gastrointestinal upset, fatigue, and mild nerve damage.

Vitamin A one of the most potentially toxic vitamins is vitamin A. As a fat-soluble vitamin, excess vitamin A dissolves in your fatty tissue and accumulates over time, which can pose a serious risk to your health. Vitamin D also harms your health like vitamin A, it dissolves in fat and accumulates in your system. Because vitamin D plays an important role in helping your body use calcium properly, high levels of vitamin D can negatively affect your calcium levels. Too much vitamin D increases the amount of calcium in your blood, which can lead to calcium deposits in tissues throughout your body. It also removes calcium from your bones, causing bone damage

Vitamin E, fat-soluble vitamin E can also threaten your health if you take too much. Normally, vitamin E plays a beneficial role in cardiovascular health by helping to regulate blood clot formation. However, too much vitamin E can excessively thin your blood, increasing the risk of internal bleeding.

B-Complex and Vitamin C is family of vitamins dissolve in water, and your system can flush excess vitamin each day. However, some of these vitamins still cause side effects if you consume too much. Large doses of vitamin B-3 supplements can damage your liver and lead to a burning sensation in your skin, while too much vitamin B-6 can cause nerve damage over time. Excess amounts of vitamin B-9 don't cause symptoms directly, but they can hide the early signs of a vitamin B-12 deficiency, preventing a proper diagnosis, and put you at risk of nerve damage caused by low B-12 levels. Too much vitamin C can cause digestive upset, and might increase the risk of kidney stones in some individuals.

The nutrient intake too much or too little one or more nutrients recognized as ‘malnutrition’. Malnutrition is the condition that develops when the body does not get the right amount of the vitamins, mineral and other nutrients it need to maintain healthy tissues and organ function. As we know, each nutrient intake affect our current and future healthy. In my opinion, for more support this discussion about disease that related with malnutrition issues is making a good choices for our lifestyle and become healthy a long-term and well-being. For example always take the nutrient based on the pyramid food and consume a total number of calories consistent with your age and lifestyle. Furthermore, we need to do exercise at least 2 or 3 times a week.

# data[].attributes.headline
NUR SYAHIRAH BINTI MUSTAFFA KAMAL (12212115061 / BEHC) 

# data[].attributes.subject
NUR SYAHIRAH BINTI MUSTAFFA KAMAL (12212115061 / BEHC) 

# data[].attributes.body
YOU ARE WHAT YOU EAT

Foods are basically one of the most essential needs that we need in order to survive and live healthily. ‘You are what you eat’ is basically an interesting topic to
be discussed. Based on articles by newspapers such The Star and The Malaysian
Insider stated that; Malaysia is the number one country of obesity in Southeast
Asia. This proves that Malaysians are not eating healthily, and does not take
account of its effect to their body in a long-term of time. Have you ever wondered

why is this happened? And how food does influence the health of individuals?

Malnutrition is a serious condition that occurs when a person’s diet does not contain the right amount of nutrients. This can be referred to undernutrition; when you do not get enough nutrients and overnutrition; when you get more nutrients than you need. As for the definition of nutrients, it basically consists of fats, protein, carbohydrates, minerals, fibres and vitamins which can be found in food. Each nutrients have their own roles in providing energy, building blocks for bone, muscles, hormone, blood and organs. Nutrients are also important to ensure the efficiency of body system such as digestion, and also to protect our body.

How do we know the right portion of nutrients needed daily in our body? The answer is provided based on the food  pyramid. In everyday life, we need to take mostly on the carbohydrates with 6-11 servings, next is the fruits and vegetables from 3-5 servings, proteins and dairy products 2-3 servings and fats is the nutrient that should be taken with caution. Mostly people with overnutrition have taken the fats more than we should consume everyday. Fats is actually essential in supplying heat to our body, keeping our body temperature in an optimum level, especially in a cold weather. But if the individuals consume fats more than the daily limits, this will leads to obesity, artherosclerosis, heart attack, stroke, diabetes and excess visceral fat in their body.

As for those people who are undernutrition, the presents of nutrients in foods help them live healthily, gaining back the sufficient nutrients needed. The carbohydrates provides them with energy which will make them stronger, the proteins will make the muscles in a good condition, helping the muscles to grow healthily. Whereas the fruit and vegetables supplies fibres, vitamins and minerals to their body; preventing them from constipation, improving their health of skins and visions. Every colour of vegetables has their own roles especially the green leaves, which mainly contributes as anti-cancer in our body.

So hereby for the conclusion, I would like to state my opinion that I agreed with the title “You Are What You Eat”. In the end, it depends on individuals to always consume the nutrients daily based on the recommended food pyramid. The pyramid provides the exact nutrient needed for our body. Consume each nutrient with its suitable amount.  Not more, and not less. Along with healthy eating, we should also practice healthy lifestyle, exercise daily and consistently. Not to forget, we should consume water minimum of 8 glasses per day. Love our health, our body, and our life.

# data[].attributes.body
Name: Nazurah Aqilah binti Ahmad

Program : BCLS

Student Id : 12211115001

subject : Principle of human nutrition

Assignment 1: You are what you eat

You are what you eat

What is nutrition? The word nutrition was originally took from the Latin word nutrire which mean “to nourish”. A good nutrition provide a mechanism to promote health and prevent disease. Our bodies can derive all the energy, structural materials and regulating agents that we need to support growth from the food we eat. But, our body cannot synthesize the essential nutrient on its own. Therefore we must obtain these nutrients from the food in our daily diet because without an adequate nutrition, the human body will not function optimally. If this situation is prolong the person will have a severe nutritional inadequacy that can lead to disease / malnutrition and death.

Malnutrition is a condition in which the body does not receive enough nutrients for proper function and can be divided into two that is, undernutrition and overnutrition. Undernutrition is occur when the body receive inadequate nutrition for example type – 2 diabetes mellitus. A low protein diet during pregnancy (maternal) and lactating (postnatal) will increased oxidative stress and fibrosis and also decreasing HNF4a expression with increased DNA methylation in P2 promoters that defect mitochondriogenesis and caused mitochondrian dysfunction and increased cell differentiation instead of proliferation in beta cell ( insulin- producing cell),  cause beta cell dysfunction. In the other hand, a high protein diet during pregnancy and lactating may cause increased resistein and IL-6 mRNA levels in brown fat tissue in 35 day- old offspring and resulting a insulin resistance.

Overnutrition is state  which one or more components of healthy diet are consumed to excess ( over – eating ) of nutrient (eg: vitamin, mineral, carbohydrates). Having a healthy diet  lifestyle and over consuming unnecessary dietry supplements such as vitamin K, glutathione for beauty  result in an overall dangerous excess of one or more nutrients. This can be a particular risk when taking several differents types of supplements without studying the labels carefully to ensure that the combination is appropriates for the person. Over eating carbohydrates and protein cause obesity and may lead to other disease.

In conclusion, eating too much certain food makes us overnutrition and undernutrition of other nutrient (food)  that we need and its also linked to chronic disease, so we need to eat healthily according to the food pyramid.

# data[].attributes.headline
NURUL WAHIDAH BINTI ROSLI  12211115032  BCLS

# data[].attributes.subject
NURUL WAHIDAH BINTI ROSLI  12211115032  BCLS

# data[].attributes.headline
NURUL WAHIDAH BINTI ROSLI  12211115032  BCLS

# data[].attributes.subject
NURUL WAHIDAH BINTI ROSLI  12211115032  BCLS

# data[].attributes.body
nurul wahidah

# data[].attributes.headline
ZARIFF EZZATY BINTI WOOK / 12211115197 / BCLS 

# data[].attributes.subject
ZARIFF EZZATY BINTI WOOK / 12211115197 / BCLS 

# data[].attributes.body
ASSIGNMENT 1 : YOU ARE WHAT YOU EAT

a) The relationship between nutrient intake and disease/malnutrition.

b) The roles of nutrient in overcoming malnutrition issues.

Chemical substances in foods that provide energy as well as structure and help regulate the body process is the definition of what we call as nutrients. Nutrients itself playing very important role to keep and also maintain our body in healthy condition. Malnutrition can be divided into two condition which are undernutrition and overnutrition. The deficiency of nutrients such as lack of vitamin A can lead to xerophthalmia a disease begin with dry eyes and night blindness then causes to total blindness. Lack of iron can cause to anemia while lack of vitamin C can cause to scurry where the gums become spongy. These are the examples of undernutrion or deficiency of nutrients can cause to. Meanwhile, excessive intake of fats and carbohydrates will cause overnutrition disease called obesity. Food intake must have a balanced nutrients intake to help our body stay healthy and to avoid serious diseases.

"An apple a day keeps the doctor away" is the idioms we often meet when it comes to any related diseases. Same goes to malnutrition problems where it can be solved by having regular diet and consuming variant of nutrients in adequate amount. There are 5 basics of nutrients such as carbohydrates, fats, protein, vitamins and minerals to be take for not being malnutrition. Tomatoes consist of carotenoid which helps in slower or reduce the growth of cancers and helps in immune system also. In addition, Vitamin C is an essential healthy immune responses, wound healing and development of connective tissues. Calcium is needed for growing and building new bone and also help in maintaining bone strength.

In a nutshell, nutrient intake is must to keep our body healthy and our body system functioning well. Follow the right way to take nutrients in adequate amount and avoid taking too much nutrients.

# data[].attributes.body
MOHAMAD SHAHIZAT BIN MOHD ROSLY (BEHC)

12212115110

You are what you eat.  As we all know that our health can be determined by what we eat in our daily life. Either we eat a healthy food or an unhealthy food , it is depend on your behaviour toward the intake of food. If you eat unhealthy food , you will face a lot of disease in your life. Malnutrition is a lack of proper nutrition, caused by not having enough to eat, not eating enough of the right things, or being unable to use the food that one does eat . Malnutrition also means “poor nutrition” which can refer to undernutrition and overnutrition.

Nutrient intake and malnutrition are closely linked to each other. The intake of food which has high nutrient intake in carbohydrate and fibre could lead to become a healthy person. Despite , improper intake of food such as butter , cheese which contain saturated fat could lead to many disease such as cardiovascular disease. Malnutrition commonly caused by lack of nutrients  in our diet. This is due to an inadequate diets or problems absorbing nutrients from food. For example , pregnant women and nursing mother need to pay special attention to the nutrients in their diet because they have to eat for two. Since their iron needs are higher , pregnant women are particularly at risk for a deficiency of iron, which helps carry, store and use oxygen in your bloodstream , and supports a variety of enzymatic reactions. As well as causing symptoms of anaemia in the mother , iron deficiency can increase the risk for a premature birth. Even after birth, low iron levels in a nursing mother can impair the normal motor functions and mental development of the baby. So, pregnant mother should eat food that contain high level of iron which can be found in meats , spinach and oysters.

In my opinion , the main role in overcoming malnutrition issues are dietary improvement , including increased production and consumption of micronutrient-rich foods that contain vitamins and minerals. Milk, yogurt and spinach contain micronutrients which is calcium that will keep your bones and teeth strong , thereby supporting skeletal structure and function. Vitamin C also is necessary for our body to prevent haemorrhaging and bleeding which can be obtained from oranges and bananas. If micronutrients  are well absorbed by the body , So that your body will get enough nutrients to keep body remain healthy.
As a conclusion, an ideal diet should provide enough micro- and macronutrients to keep your body healthy and strong. Besides, get an alternatives way to replace saturated fats in the food to a healthy food like fruits , vegetables ,  whole grains and low-fat dairy products to maintain our body to stay healthy. Remember these words “Eat healthy , stay healthy”.

# data[].attributes.body
YOU ARE WHAT YOU EAT

What you eat has such a huge effect on your health and so does diet. If a diet riches in any one aspect or lacking in a certain nutrient it would both lead to malnutrition. Nowadays, ones must lead a balance diet by taking the right amount of nutrients.

Malnutrition is a condition resulting from an energy or nutrient intake either above or below that which is optimal. Imbalanced nutrients can weaken the person's immune system and body, leads to more susceptible to illness. There are two types of malnutrition which are undernutrition and overnutrition.

Undernutrition happens when the nutrients intake does not meet the body's need. Body tissues are broken down to provide the energy to support vital function resulting in loss of body fat and wasting of muscles. For example, if you lack of iron it could cause anemia, lack of vitamin A could cause blindness and lack of iodine could cause thyroid gland.

Overnutrition happens when excess intake of nutrients or calories. For example, in United States, 68% adults are overweight or obesity. Obesity is a form of energy intake surpasses energy expenditure over a long, causing the accumulation of an excessive amount of body fat.

In order to prevent malnutrition, you must practice a well-balanced diet. You should choose meals that you enjoy and easy to prepare that are high in calories too. A balanced diet also balances the calories you take in your daily activities so that you can prevent malnutrition and your body weight stay in the healthy range. In a nutshell, a well-balanced diet is based on variety, balance and moderation of the food you eat.

# data[].attributes.body
NURUL AINA BINTI ZAINORDIN
BCLS
12212115116

1. The relationship between nutrient intake and diseases or malnutrition.

Nutrients are chemical substances in food that provide energy for organism to suvive, grow, and help regulate the body process.Carbohydrate, protein and fat are macronutrients that we need to eat in relatively large amounts in the diet as they provide our bodies with energy and also the building blocks for growth and maintenance of a healthy body. Vitamins and minerals are micronutrients which are only needed in small amounts, but are essential to keep us healthy. Malnutrition is too little or too much of one or more nutrients or energy in an organism. It can be divided into undernutrition and overnutrition. Undernutrition is lackof nutrients due to insufficient intake or disease leading to decreased uptake. Overnutritionis excess nutrients because of too much eating, taking too many supplements, or simply not exercise enough.
The human diet is divided into five nutritional groups which is proteins, carbohydrates, fats, vitamins, and minerals. These five groups include about 50 nutritional items that are necessary for good health and growth. Each of these items plays a vital role in the functioning of the human body. The amount of nutrients needed for good health varies from individual to individual. Age, gender, and overall health condition affect how much of these nutrients a person needs for good health.Whenever a person does not get enough of an essential nutrient, they are at risk for a dietary deficiency disease. Most dietary deficiency diseases are caused by a lack of protein, vitamins, or minerals.

Proteins are the essential components of all organs and chemical activities. Proteins make up body tissues such as muscle, connective tissue, and skin. Missing of protein from the diet cause the body cannot function properly. In this category of malnutrition are the disease kwashiorkor and marasmus. These diseases affect mainly children. Adults rarely suffer from protein dificiency diseases unless there is a problem in the intestines that prevents absorbtion of amino acids. Kwashiorkor is a disease caused specifically bylack of protein in the diet while marasmus is a wasting body tissue from lack of both calories and protein in the diet. A child with marasmus is cranky and irritable, and skinny rather than swollen edema.

Vitamin A deficiency also can cause a disease called xerophthalmia.The symptoms of this disease are eye dryness and thickening of the surface of parts of the eye. If left untreated, xerophthalmia may lead to blindness.Vitamin A can be obtained directly from foods such as milk, eggs, and liver, as well as from carotene, a chemical that is found in green and yellow fruits and vegetables such as apricots, cantaloupe, oranges, peaches, collards, broccoli, turnip greens, kale, carrots, sweet potatoes, and squash. Carotene is converted to vitamin A in the body. Beriberi is a disease that affects the heart, digestive system, and nervous system. It results from a lack of vitamin B1(Thiamin) in the diet. Thiamin is used to help the body make energy. Food sources for this vitamin are meats, wheat germ, whole grain and enriched bread, legumes, nuts, peanuts, and peanut butter. The early stages of beriberi are characterized by fatigue, loss of appetite, and a numb, tingling feeling in the legs.

Vitamin C affects blood vessels, skin, gums, connective tissue, red blood cells, wound healing, and the absorption of iron. A deficiency of vitamin C leads to scurvy. The main symptom of scurvy is hemorrhaging, or bleeding under the skin, which results in the appearance of many bruises. A person with scurvy also may have swollen and infected gums. Wounds heal slowly, and bleeding in or around vital organs can be fatal.
Therefore, we really need to take note in everthing we ate daily to ensure a long healthy life.Do a regular exercise and control our food intake and also take some extra supplements to help our body regulation maintain well.

2) The role of nutrient in overcoming malnutrition issues.

Healthy living not only makes you feel good, but it can keep you from experiencing many diseases and health conditions. Obtaining adequate nutrition is an essential part of living a healthy life. Poor nutrition can result from failure to eat enough or failure to choose the right kinds of foods. The United States Department of Agriculture food pyramid provides recommendations on amounts to consume from each food group to attain proper nutrition. Failing to choose a balanced diet full of nutritious foods increases your risk of developing many preventable diseases. Malnutrition occurs when a person doesn’t have enough food or doesn’t eat enough healthy foods. But, if we take the nutrient in a correct way, it can help to overcome the malnutrition issues. There are four food types to avoid malnutrition. The first and foremost is carbohydrate. Simply put, carbohydrates provide the body with energy. They also have a symbiotic relationship with proteins by protecting the protein stores in the body. The brain optimally uses carbohydrates for energy, but when their is insufficient carbohydrate consumption for several weeks, the body does not metabolize fatty acids completely and as result body protein will also be lost, and the body will generally become weakened. According to the United States Department of Agriculture, half your daily calories should come from carbohydrates, so you can determine how many grams of carbohydrates you need based on your calorie intake. At a minimum, an intake of 50 to 100 grams (1.8 to 3.5 oz.) of carbohydrates is required to prevent the development of ketones that the brain can use somewhat inefficiently for energy.

The second type of nutrient is protein. Protein is a part of every cell in the human body. Also, equally as important, proteins provide the body with a special form of nitrogen that the body cannot get from carbohydrates or lipids. Proteins also help regulate the pH, or acid-base balance, in the blood, are necessary for the synthesis of many hormones and enzymes, and participate in important cell formation for cells vital for the immune system. In the case of starvation, excessive muscle tissue is wasted and results in diminished health. Protein, like carbohydrates, provides approximately 4 kilo calories per gram of protein consumed, but requires much more metabolizing and processing by the liver and kidneys to put the energy from protein to use. In general, it’s recommended that 10–35% of your daily calories come from protein.

Other than that is fat. As much as we would like to eliminate fats from our regular diets, this food source actually plays a vital role in maintaining healthy skin and hair, insulating body organs against shock, maintaining body temperature, and promoting healthy cell function. They also serve as energy stores for the body. In addition, Vitamins A, D, E, and K are fat-soluble, meaning they can only be digested, absorbed, and transported in conjunction with fats. Fats are also sources of essential fatty acids, an important dietary requirement and also serves as a useful buffer towards a host of diseases. Nutritionist suggests that about 30-35% of your daily calorie intake should come from fat.

Lastly, are vitamins and minerals.Did you know that a staggering thirteen vitamins are considered necessary to perform crucial functions in the body? Vitamins and mineral are needed for overall health and provide protection against infection and diseases, help the body grow, help the body’s metabolism and assist in the removal of waste products. It is recommended to obtain your vitamin intake through fresh fruits and vegetables with a regular diet. However, when dietary sources are limited, taking vitamin supplements is an excellent alternative. Amounts vary for children, seniors, lactating or pregnant women, smokers, heavy alcohol drinkers, stressed, those with chronic diseases or those who consume less than 2,000 calories per day.

In summation, as our standard of living continues to diminish, malnutrition will be a more present health problem within our population. Investing in healthy and nutritious foods and learning how to properly store it for long-term use can assist you in maintaining your health and prevent the short and long-term affects of malnourishment discussed here.

# data[].attributes.body
NAME : PUTRI NORZIANA OKTAFIA BINTI MOHD YUSUF

ID. NO. : 12211115031

# data[].attributes.body
NAME : PUTRI NORZIANA OKTAFIA BINTI MOHD YUSUF

ID.NO.: 12211115031

# data[].attributes.body
By Adib Najmi

# data[].attributes.body
YOU ARE WHAT YOU EAT

As we know nutrients means components in food that an organism use to survive and grow. Nutrients are divided into two types which are macronutrients and micronutrients. Macronutrients  provide the bulk energy an organism's metabolic system needs to function while micronutrients provide the necessary cofactors for metabolism to be carried out. Both types of nutrients can be acquired from the environment. Micronutrients are used to build and repair tissues and to regulate body processes while macronutrients are converted and used for energy.

Our body requires seven major type of nutrients which are carbohydrates, vitamin, proteins, fat, fibre, water and minerals. All of the elements are important to our body. As we know, we have to take healthy diet to keep our body as speed as a fiddle. Children also at this phase, need enough nutrients for their body development. If the children didn’t get enough nutrients at these phase, their growth will be affected.

For an example, calcium is important for maintaining strong bones and controlling muscle also nerve function. So if we lack of calcium it will cause OSTEOPOROSIS. Osteoporosis is a disease where the bones become weak and brittle. Osteoporosis-related fractures are most commonly occur in the hip, wrist or spine.  Iron? Iron is necessary for the transport of oxygen. If we lack of iron it will cause ANEMIA, due to the fact that lack of iron can cause the blood to have lower number of red blood cells or quantity. When someone is having anemia they may have the symptoms such as tired,fatigue easily, appear pale, develop palpitations and become short of breath.

Malnutrition issues are one of the issues that the people nowadays often to oversee, yet the consequences of the lack or excessive nutrients in the body could be fatal. For example, obesity. Obesity is the disease where the people took excessive amounts of  carbohydrates and fat into the body. This condition could lead to more risky diseases such as heart attack, colon cancer, high blood pressure and diabetes. In order to overcome this problem, the solution is to have healthy lifestyle, also healthy diet. Controlling the intake of carbohydrates and fat into the body is a way to overcome this disease which has affected more than 80% Malaysians.

Name : Mohamad Asyraf Bin Mahamud

ID : 122 1111 5107

Course : BEHC

# data[].attributes.headline
YOU ARE WHAT YOU EAT

As we know nutrients means components in
food that an organism use to survive and grow. Nutrients are divided into two
types which are macronutrients
and micronutrients. Macronutrients  provide the bulk energy an organism's
metabolic system needs to function while micronutrients provide the necessary
cofactors for metabolism to be carried out. Both types of nutrients can be
acquired from the environment. Micronutrients are used to build and repair
tissues and to regulate body processes while macronutrients are converted and
used for energy.

Our body requires
seven major type of nutrients which are carbohydrates, vitamin, proteins, fat, fibre,
water and minerals. All of the elements are important to our body. As we know,
we have to take healthy diet to keep our body as speed as a fiddle. Children
also at this phase, need enough nutrients for their body development. If the
children didn’t get enough nutrients at these phase, their growth will be
affected. 

For an example, calcium is important for maintaining strong
bones and controlling muscle also nerve function. So if we lack of calcium it will cause OSTEOPOROSIS.
Osteoporosis is a disease where the bones become weak and brittle. Osteoporosis-related fractures
are most commonly occur in the hip, wrist or spine.  Iron? Iron is necessary for the transport of oxygen. If we lack of iron it will cause ANEMIA, due
to the fact that lack of iron can cause the blood to have lower number of red
blood cells or quantity. When someone is having anemia they may have the symptoms such as tired, fatigue easily, appear pale, develop palpitations and become short of breath. 

Malnutrition issues
are one of the issues that the people nowadays often to oversee, yet the
consequences of the lack or excessive nutrients in the body could be fatal. For
example, obesity. Obesity is the disease where the people took excessive
amounts of  carbohydrates and fat into the
body. This condition could lead to more risky diseases such as heart attack,
colon cancer, high blood pressure and diabetes. In order to overcome this
problem, the solution is to have healthy lifestyle, also healthy diet.
Controlling the intake of carbohydrates and fat into the body is a way to
overcome this disease which has affected more than 80% Malaysians. 

 

Name : Mohamad Asyraf
Bin Mahamud

ID : 122 1111 5107

Course : BEHC

 

# data[].attributes.subject
YOU ARE WHAT YOU EAT

As we know nutrients means components in
food that an organism use to survive and grow. Nutrients are divided into two
types which are macronutrients
and micronutrients. Macronutrients  provide the bulk energy an organism's
metabolic system needs to function while micronutrients provide the necessary
cofactors for metabolism to be carried out. Both types of nutrients can be
acquired from the environment. Micronutrients are used to build and repair
tissues and to regulate body processes while macronutrients are converted and
used for energy.

Our body requires
seven major type of nutrients which are carbohydrates, vitamin, proteins, fat, fibre,
water and minerals. All of the elements are important to our body. As we know,
we have to take healthy diet to keep our body as speed as a fiddle. Children
also at this phase, need enough nutrients for their body development. If the
children didn’t get enough nutrients at these phase, their growth will be
affected. 

For an example, calcium is important for maintaining strong
bones and controlling muscle also nerve function. So if we lack of calcium it will cause OSTEOPOROSIS.
Osteoporosis is a disease where the bones become weak and brittle. Osteoporosis-related fractures
are most commonly occur in the hip, wrist or spine.  Iron? Iron is necessary for the transport of oxygen. If we lack of iron it will cause ANEMIA, due
to the fact that lack of iron can cause the blood to have lower number of red
blood cells or quantity. When someone is having anemia they may have the symptoms such as tired, fatigue easily, appear pale, develop palpitations and become short of breath. 

Malnutrition issues
are one of the issues that the people nowadays often to oversee, yet the
consequences of the lack or excessive nutrients in the body could be fatal. For
example, obesity. Obesity is the disease where the people took excessive
amounts of  carbohydrates and fat into the
body. This condition could lead to more risky diseases such as heart attack,
colon cancer, high blood pressure and diabetes. In order to overcome this
problem, the solution is to have healthy lifestyle, also healthy diet.
Controlling the intake of carbohydrates and fat into the body is a way to
overcome this disease which has affected more than 80% Malaysians. 

 

Name : Mohamad Asyraf
Bin Mahamud

ID : 122 1111 5107

Course : BEHC

 

# data[].attributes.headline
YOU ARE WHAT YOU EAT

As we know nutrients means components in
food that an organism use to survive and grow. Nutrients are divided into two
types which are macronutrients
and micronutrients. Macronutrients  provide the bulk energy an organism's
metabolic system needs to function while micronutrients
provide the necessary cofactors for metabolism to be carried out. Both types of
nutrients can be acquired from the environment. Micronutrients are used to build and repair tissues and to regulate
body processes while macronutrients
are converted and used for energy.

Our body requires
seven major type of nutrients which are carbohydrates,
vitamin, proteins, fat, fibre, water and minerals. All
of the elements are important to our body. As we know, we have to take healthy
diet to keep our body as speed as a fiddle. Children also at this phase, need
enough nutrients for their body development. If the children didn’t get enough
nutrients at these phase, their growth will be affected. 

For an example, calcium is important for maintaining strong bones and
controlling muscle also nerve function. So if we lack of calcium it will cause OSTEOPOROSIS. Osteoporosis is a disease where the bones become weak and brittle.
Osteoporosis-related fractures are most commonly occur in the hip, wrist or
spine. Iron.? Iron is necessary for the
transport of oxygen. If we lack
of iron it will cause ANEMIA, due to
the fact that lack of iron can cause the blood to have lower number of red
blood cells or quantity. When someone is having anemia they may have the symptoms such as tired, fatigue easily, appear pale, develop palpitations and become short of breath. 

Malnutrition issues
are one of the issues that the people nowadays often to oversee, yet the
consequences of the lack or excessive nutrients in the body  could be fatal. For example, obesity. Obesity
is the disease where the people took excessive amounts of        carbohydrates and fat into the body.
This condition could lead to more risky diseases such as heart attack, colon
cancer, high blood pressure and diabetes. In oder to overcome this problem, the
solution is to have healthy lifestyle, also healthy diet. Controlling the
intake of carbohydrates and fat into the body is a way to overcome this disease
which has affected more than 80% Malaysians. 

 

Name : Mohamad Asyraf Bin
Mahamud

ID : 122 1111 5107

Course : BEHC

 

# data[].attributes.subject
YOU ARE WHAT YOU EAT

As we know nutrients means components in
food that an organism use to survive and grow. Nutrients are divided into two
types which are macronutrients
and micronutrients. Macronutrients  provide the bulk energy an organism's
metabolic system needs to function while micronutrients
provide the necessary cofactors for metabolism to be carried out. Both types of
nutrients can be acquired from the environment. Micronutrients are used to build and repair tissues and to regulate
body processes while macronutrients
are converted and used for energy.

Our body requires
seven major type of nutrients which are carbohydrates,
vitamin, proteins, fat, fibre, water and minerals. All
of the elements are important to our body. As we know, we have to take healthy
diet to keep our body as speed as a fiddle. Children also at this phase, need
enough nutrients for their body development. If the children didn’t get enough
nutrients at these phase, their growth will be affected. 

For an example, calcium is important for maintaining strong bones and
controlling muscle also nerve function. So if we lack of calcium it will cause OSTEOPOROSIS. Osteoporosis is a disease where the bones become weak and brittle.
Osteoporosis-related fractures are most commonly occur in the hip, wrist or
spine. Iron.? Iron is necessary for the
transport of oxygen. If we lack
of iron it will cause ANEMIA, due to
the fact that lack of iron can cause the blood to have lower number of red
blood cells or quantity. When someone is having anemia they may have the symptoms such as tired, fatigue easily, appear pale, develop palpitations and become short of breath. 

Malnutrition issues
are one of the issues that the people nowadays often to oversee, yet the
consequences of the lack or excessive nutrients in the body  could be fatal. For example, obesity. Obesity
is the disease where the people took excessive amounts of        carbohydrates and fat into the body.
This condition could lead to more risky diseases such as heart attack, colon
cancer, high blood pressure and diabetes. In oder to overcome this problem, the
solution is to have healthy lifestyle, also healthy diet. Controlling the
intake of carbohydrates and fat into the body is a way to overcome this disease
which has affected more than 80% Malaysians. 

 

Name : Mohamad Asyraf Bin
Mahamud

ID : 122 1111 5107

Course : BEHC

 

# data[].attributes.body
by Amirul Syafiq

# data[].attributes.headline
FATIN NADIRAH AQILAH BINTI RAMLI / 12211115181

# data[].attributes.subject
FATIN NADIRAH AQILAH BINTI RAMLI / 12211115181

# data[].attributes.headline
Mahfudzah Abdul Mubin - 12212115060 - BEHC 

# data[].attributes.subject
Mahfudzah Abdul Mubin - 12212115060 - BEHC 

# data[].attributes.body
"You Are What You Eat"

Foods are what human consume daily. Foods contain combination of nutrients and the nutrients must be balanced in human body to remain healthy. Healthy body can be achieved by having proper meal everyday. How? By practice balanced diet in daily life. Proper/balanced diet thought human to eat at appropriate time such as breakfast, lunch and dinner with proper proportion of nutrients per each meal. The proper diet gives information in what type of food that provides enough nutrients for the body.

Balanced diet involved a pyramid, which is used to guide the types and proportion of foods that we should eat daily in order to have a health body. The pyramid contains five core food groups and they are generally applicable to all age groups from 1–70 years old. The bottom layer of the pyramid, which also means the biggest foods to consume, is vegetables and fruits. The second layer is the grains and continues with dairy and poultry products on the third layer. As the smallest column, on the top is healthy fat such as fats from plant sources.

Lack of nutrients and excessive of nutrients both can harm the human body. Undernutrition and overnutrition also known as malnutrition can cause chronic (long term) disease and acute disease. Different ages need to consume different portion of food such as adolescence need to ensure the body consume enough calcium before they reach age 23 as the calcium will be slowly decrease by then. As for the elderly, there’s a tendency for them to get a disease if their meal is not taken carefully as the process of their immune system will be slower.

Overnutrition is an excessive of nutrition in the body and this can cause many diseases such as obesity, gout, diabetes and many more. Every disease usually is caused by certain type of nutrition, such as gout is caused by the accumulation of urate crystal in the joint. Urate crystal is form due to high level of uric acid in the blood. Other than that, hypernatremia disease is caused by sodium and decrease in total body water. This disease is a water body problem caused by impaired thirst and/or restricted access of water and result in shrinkage of the neuron cell and thus cause brain injury.

However, the undernutrition is lack of nutrition in the body and can caused several types of disease. Most common disease is diarrhea, low body weight, osteoporosis and many more. These diseases require enough nutrients other than exercise and medications. Example, osteoporosis is a disease that lack in calcium. It’s also due to lack of Vitamin D and exercise and to prevent this disease is only through medication and lifestyle treatment which involved balanced diet and exercises.

As for the conclusion, now we can see how closely related are the nutrients and disease/malnutrition. With a proper intake of nutrients, human will have a healthy life. Besides that, it is proven that with right amount of nutrients intake in our body, we can overcome malnutrition issues and therefore we can live happily and healthily.

# data[].attributes.body
Do you know what is the mean of nutrient? A nutrient is anything that nourishes a living being. We humans get our nutrients from what we eat and plants get theirs from the soil.  Nutrients are components in foods that an organism uses to survive and grow.

Then what is the mean of malnutrition? Malnutrition is the condition that develops when the body does not get the right amount of the vitamins, minerals, and other nutrients it needs to maintain healthy tissues and organ function. Malnutrition occurs in people who are either undernourished or over nourished.

As we know, malnutrition is divided to two which are under nutrition and over nutrition. First and foremost, under nutrition is a consequence of consuming too few essential nutrients or using or excreting them more rapidly than they can be replaced. For examples, Infants, young children, and teenagers need

additional nutrients. So do women who are pregnant or breastfeeding. Nutrient loss can be accelerated by diarrhea, excessive sweating, heavy Bleeding  (hemorrhage), or kidney failure. Nutrient intake can be restricted by age-related illnesses and conditions, excessivedieting, food allergies, severe injury, serious illness, a lengthy hospitalization, or substance abuse. Breastfeeding a baby for at least six months is considered the best way to prevent early-childhood malnutrition. The United States Department of Agriculture and Health and Human Service recommend that all Americans over the age of two which are consume plenty of fruits, grains, and vegetables. Then, eat a variety of foods that are low in fats and cholesterols and contain only moderate amounts of salt, sugars, and sodium. Next is engage in moderate physical activity for at least 30 minutes, at least several times a week and last but not least is achieve or maintain their ideal weight.

The leading cause of death in children in developing countries is protein-energy malnutrition. This type of malnutrition is the result of inadequate intake of calories from proteins, vitamins, and minerals. Children who are already undernourished can suffer from protein-energy malnutrition (PEM) when rapid growth, infection, or disease increases the need for protein and essential minerals. These essential minerals are known as micronutrients or trace elements. Two types of protein-energy malnutrition have been described which are kwashiorkor and marasmus. Kwashiorkor occurs with fair or adequate calorie intake but inadequate protein intake, while marasmus occurs when the diet is inadequate in both calories and protein.

In the United States, nutritional deficiencies have generally been replaced by dietary imbalances or excesses associated with many of the leading causes of death and disability. Over nutrition results from eating too much, eating too many of the wrong things, not exercising enough, or taking too many vitamins or other dietary replacements. In general, the symptoms of malnutrition are physical weakness, lassitude, and an increasing sense of detachment from the world. There are also specific symptoms that vary according to the essential substance lacking in the diet. For example, to avoid the blind night or poor vision in a dim light, just increased the Vitamin A in our body. Then, to avoid rickets we must gain the Vitamin D. Next a lot of vitamin C can avoid from the scurvy and symptoms of bleeding gums.

In conclusion, we should know how tomanage the balanced diet in our life for our own healthy.

# data[].attributes.body
NAME : SITI NUR ALIAH BINTI ABD RAZAK

ID NO. : 12212115076

COURSE : BEHC ( GROUP 6)

ASSIGNMENT : YOU ARE WHAT YOU EAT.

1. Relationship between nutrient intake and diseases/malnutrition.

  Our intake of essential nutrients is determined by our food choices. Some foods are  naturally high in nutrients and some contain nutrients added during foods. Basically, nutrient intake is define as the average daily nutrient intake level based on observed by a group (or groups) of apparently healthy people that are assumed to be adequate. Actually, improper intake of nutrients can lead to malnutrition because what we eat has an enormous impact on how much we weigh, how healthy we are now, how likely we are to develop chronic disease and diabetes in the future.

  So consuming either too little or too much of one or more nutrients can cause malnutrition. It may affect our health today and can give impact on our health 20,30 and 40 years from now . Malnutrition can be classified into two groups which is nutrient deficiencies (undernutrition) and excess of nutrients (overnutrition) . Undernutrition is caused by a deficiency of energy or nutrients and by a deficient intake , highly requirements or an inability to absorb or use nutrients. For example is starvation. It is caused by deficiency of energy that causes weight loss, poor growth, inability to reproduce and growth. In addition, deficiencies of individual nutrients can also cause serious health problems, means that it reflects the body functions that rely on the deficient nutrients.  Such as Vitamin A is important for vision but if we lack of this Vitamin A , we can got blindness. Same goes to Vitamin B, if we lack of this vitamin, commonly in older adults, we can have the changes in mental status. Some nutrient deficiencies cause symptoms quickly. For example,  if the athletes exercise in hot weather and they sweating a lot until they’ve got freaking exhausted , they will become dehydrated due to the deficiency of water. So, to overcome this, they need to drink water as it relieves headache, fatigue and dizziness caused by dehydration almost as rapidly as these symptoms appeared. The other nutritional deficiencies may take weeks, months and even years to become apparent, such as the symptoms of Vitamin C deficiency disease cause scurvy but it does not occur until the diet has been deficient in Vitamin C for weeks or months. Besides, if there is too little calcium in teenage years, it will  causes no immediate symptoms but in fact, it can cause bones to be weak and break too easily when people reach their 50’s and 60’s (osteoporosis).

  So, another malnutrition is overnutrition which means excess of nutrients. When excesses of specific nutrients are consumed, toxic reaction may occur, such as when we have a single excessive dose of iron, it will cause liver failure and too much Vitamin B6 over a few weeks or months can cause nerve damage. Most nutrients toxicities are due to excessive intakes of vitamin and mineral supplements. This kind of overnutrition that are most common today do not have immediate toxic effects but contribute to the development of chronic diseases in long term. For examples , if we take diets high in salt, it will cause high blood pressure while if we take diets with high in saturated fat and cholesterol, tendency is to get heart disease increase. Same goes if we take diets  high in sugar and other refined carbohydrates, it will cause the increase risk of getting diabetes. Plus, high in red meats and saturated fats but low in fruits and vegetables and fiber can cause colon cancer.

2.  The role nutrients to overcome malnutrition.

  To overcome malnutrition, we have 4 types of food that maybe can help you with this kind of problems. The first food or we called the first nutrient that may help you with this malnutrition is carbohydrates. Carbohydrates provide body with energy. It have a symbiotic relationship with proteins by protecting the protein stores in the body. Brain optimally uses carbohydrates for energy, but when there is insufficient carbohydrate consumption for several weeks, the body does not metabolize fatty acids completely and as the result, body protein will also be lost. So, as recommended, at minimum, an intake of 50-100 g of carbohydrates is required to prevent the development of ketones that the brain can use somewhat inefficiently for energy.

   For the second nutrient role used to overcome malnutrition is protein. It is a part of every cell in the human body  and it provides body with a special form of nitrogen that the body cannot get from carbohydrate or lipids. Protein also helps to regulate the pH or acid-base balance in the blood and it is almost necessary for synthesis of many hormones and enzymes. Furthermore, it is important for cell formation for the immune system. As recommended that 10-35% of your daily calories must come from protein.

  The third nutrient would be fats. Fats is used for maintaining healthy skin &hair, insulating body organs against shock, maintaining body temperature and promoting healthy cell function. It commonly served as energy stores for body. In addition, Vitamin A, D, E and K are fat-soluble means they can only be digested, absorbed and transported in conjunction with fats. It is also the sources of essential fatty acids which is important dietary requirements and it is serve as a useful buffer towards a host of diseases. So, a good suggestion is 30-35% of your daily calorie intake must be included with fats.

  And regarding to the last nutrient we need  to overcome malnutrition are vitamins and minerals.  They are necessary to perform multi- functions in the body. Mostly, they are  needed for overall health and provide protection against infection or diseases, besides helping the body to grow well  and help the body’s metabolism . It also assist in the removal of waste products. So, as recommended , you need to obtain your vitamin intake through fresh fruits and vegetables with a regular diet. However,  when dietary sources are limited, taking vitamin supplements is an excellent activities.

  In summation, as our standard of living continues to diminish, malnutrition will be a more present health problem within our population. Investing in healthy and nutritious foods and learning how to properly store it for long term use can assist you in maintaining your health and prevent a short and long term affects of malnourishment.

# data[].attributes.body
NAME : NUR FARHANA ELIDA BINTI MOHAMED FAUZI

ID NO. : 12211115077

COURSE : BCLS (GROUP 3)

Assignment : YOU ARE WHAT YOU EAT

1)  Relationship between nutrient intake and diseases/malnutrition.

2)  Role of nutrients in overcoming malnutrition issues.

As human beings, we are obligated to preserve the blessings bestowed by the Creator. Our bodies are part of the gift that we got and we should take a good care of them. Apart of keeping the body fit by exercising, we should aware that our food intake also plays a big part in maintaining the well being of our health. Now it depends on us to decide how we manage our diet whether it is good or not. To make things clear, what we are is actually the result of what we consume daily.

Nutrient intake is the consumption of foods that are composed of essential substances that provide nourishment towards the maintenance of human’s life. Malnutrition is a condition whereby one is practicing diets that are either undernutrition due to nutrient deficient or overnutrition due to excess intake of nutrition from any particular foods and these may lead to health problems. Nutrient intake and diseases or malnutrition are closely related to each other as our nutrient intake may affect our health because either too little or too much intake of certain nutrients (malnutrition) may cause us to suffer badly in diseases. Therefore, it is vital for us to control our nutrient intake to ensure our survival as normal and healthy human beings.

Nutrients are divided into two, first, macronutrients which are required in large amount such as carbohydrates, lipids, proteins and water while next is micronutrients which are required in small amount such as minerals and vitamins. These nutrients are very important in sustaining the well being of human life, so, in order to avoid diseases related to nutrient intake disorder, one should practice a diet that practices intake of nutrient at a moderate amount.

For instance, undernutrition which indicates the low intake of carbohydrates causes hypoglycaemia which means low blood sugar level. Next, low intake of protein will cause marasmus and kwashiorkor. Low consumption in vitamins such as Vitamin A may cause failure in the eye function that leads to blindness. Vitamin C with low intake will also cause scurvy. Moreover, low intake of Vitamin B12 will cause anaemia, which is the reduction of haemoglobin amount in the blood. Too little intake of minerals such as iodine causes goitre, which is the swelling of thyroid glands and small intake of calcium causes osteoporosis (reduction of bone strength) that is more risky on women than men.

In case of overnutrition, large intake of carbohydrates may lead to diabetes mellitus due to high intake of sugars or glucose into the body and consequently this will also cause obesity. High intake of protein causes kidney stone formation, eventually if it is not treated instantly, this will cause kidney failure. Next, high fat intake will cause cardiovascular diseases because of the deposition of lipid at the walls of artery, and this causes heart failure as a long term effect. Vitamins have quite a wide range of types, one of them is Vitamin A. High intake of Vitamin A causes skin irritation and accumulation of toxic substances in the body. Vitamin C also leaves such bad effect because of its high intake. It causes diarrhoea and upset stomach. Moreover, excess intake of minerals such as sodium may lead to hypertension because of high level of salt intake. High calcium intake causes formation of stones at the gall bladder and the kidney.

The nutrients related to our daily diet are essential in overcoming and controlling malnutrition issues. By taking these nutrients at a moderate amount, it also helps to regulate our body system and functions so that we could live healthily without any health problems. As macronutrients are nutrients that are highly needed by the body, it plays a dominant role in sustaining the well-being of our lives. For example, carbohydrates generally help in storing and providing energy sufficiently to the body so that we will not feel exhausted or fatigue after carrying out our daily routine or due to less intake of sugars. Secondly, protein helps in body growth.  Throughout the process, it also helps in repairing tissues and increasing the ability of our body to produce enzymes. This helps to regulate our body function so that diseases such as kwashiorkor could be avoided.

Next, lipids also play a dominant role in supplying energy as carbohydrates too. It also ensures normal growth and development for the human body. This helps the body for not to be exposed to the harm of growth problems to us. Moreover, in order to prevent malnutrition issues, adequate intake of vitamins generally help in boosting immune responses so that we are veiled from infectious diseases. Specifically, Vitamin C helps in building healthy immune responses by avoiding allergic problems and aids in wound healing mechanism as well. Vitamin A helps in repairing and strengthening our vision and it is good for our skin. Minerals such as iron help in oxygen transport via hemoglobin in the blood of our body and this reduces the risk of insufficient oxygen transport throughout the system. Lastly, sodium which is the part of minerals as well helps to maintain blood pressure and body fluid.

In short, it is very vital for us to consume these important nutrients because they are not only the means overcoming malnutrition but to help our body to function well. Therefore, we should have a proper diet as our daily consumption so that we can avoid malnutrition that can affect our health state badly.

In conclusion, it is very significant to maintain our food or nutrient intake at a controlled state in order to ensure the well being of our lives. Through that way, we will not get ourselves associated with malnutrition. If we can’t manage to control and monitor our diets properly, harmful diseases may make us suffer at a very long run and we have to encounter the difficulties in order to lead a healthy life. The statement of “YOU ARE WHAT YOU EAT” indicates that every single food that we eat proves what and how we will be now and in future. Eat good food to be good or eat bad food to be bad. We are the one who decide. Therefore, let’s live happily and healthily by practicing a balanced diet not only for the sake of our lives, but also for the next generation.

# data[].attributes.body
MOHAMAD HARIS BIN AMRAN

BEHC (SEM 1)

12212115002

Healthy and balanced nutrient is very important for everyone. We can get nutrient from the food that we eat because food is made up of nutrients. Micronutrients such as vitamins and minerals are needed only in small amounts. Macronutrients such as carbohydrates, protein and fat are needed in larger amounts. The body cannot function properly if one or more nutrients are missing. A healthy and balanced diet provides foods in the right amounts and combinations that are safe and free from disease and harmful substances. The earlier a person starts to eat a healthy and balanced diet, the more he or she will stay healthy.

These micronutrients and macronutrients are essential for our bodies to develop,replace and repair cells and tissues. Other than that, it also help our body to produce energy to keep warm, move and work or carry out chemical processes such as the digestion of food. Finally, the most important function of the nutrients is to help our body to protect against, resist and fight infection and recover from sickness.

The nutrient intake also related to malnutrition and formation of diseases. Malnutrition can make a person more susceptible to infection, and infection also contributes to malnutrition, which causes a vicious cycle. An inadequate nutrients intake can leads to lowered immunity, invasion by pathogens, and impaired growth and further damage to defense mechanisms. For an example, proteins are involved in nearly every process within our cells and tissues. Protein makes up immune molecules, blood cells, hormones and enzymes, and it also assists our cells in synthesizing new proteins. Too little protein in our daily diet can affect one or more of these essential functions and cause symptoms ranging from unpleasant to life threatening.

For another example, Vitamin A deficiency increases the risk of diarrhea, malaria, and measles. This is caused by the function of Vitamin A that maintains the integrity of the epithelium in the respiratory and gastrointestinal tracts. Other example is zinc that is a trace mineral that is very important and is required for the activities of over 300 enzymes in our body. It is a co factor in the formation of enzymes and nucleic acids and plays a critical role in the structure of cell membranes and in the function of immune cells. Zinc deficiency reduces nonspecific immunity, including neutrophil and natural killer cell function, reduces numbers of T and B lymphocytes, and suppresses and antibody production.

So, it is very important for us to get the right amount of nutrient in our daily meals in other to overcoming malnutrition issues. Eat the right amounts of every nutrients needed by our body according to the food pyramids. As an example, protein are very important for our body. It provide the body with a special form of nitrogen that the body cannot get from carbohydrates or lipids. Proteins also help regulate the pH, or acid-base balance, in the blood, are necessary for the synthesis of many hormones and enzyme. Other than that, it also participate in important cell formation for cells vital for the immune system. In the case of starvation, excessive muscle tissue is wasted and results in diminished health.

The other example is carbohydrate. Carbohydrates provide the body with energy. The brain optimally uses carbohydrates for energy, but when there is insufficient carbohydrate for several weeks, the body does not metabolize fatty acids completely and as result body protein will also be lost, and the body will generally become weakened. According to the Ministry of Health, the daily calorie intake for adult man is 2000 kcal while for adult woman is 1500 kcal and half of our daily calories should come from carbohydrates. We can determine how many grams of carbohydrates that we need based on our calorie intake. At a minimum, an intake of 50 to 100 grams of carbohydrates is required to prevent the development of ketones that the brain can use somewhat inefficiently for energy.

As a conclusion, by practising healthy diet can prevent the occurrence of many health issue such as chronic or acute diseases and also can overcoming malnutrition in our community nowadays.

# data[].attributes.headline
WAN NUR HAFIZAH BT WAN HASSAN (12211115201)

# data[].attributes.subject
WAN NUR HAFIZAH BT WAN HASSAN (12211115201)

# data[].attributes.body
YOU ARE WHAT YOU EAT

# data[].attributes.headline
NUR ANIQAH RUSHDA
BINTI MOHAMAD (12211115034

# data[].attributes.subject
NUR ANIQAH RUSHDA
BINTI MOHAMAD (12211115034

# data[].attributes.body
NUR ANIQAH RUSHDA BINTI MOHAMAD 12211115034 BCLS

# data[].attributes.headline
NUR AMIRAH BINTI MOHAMAD KAMAL    12211115026

# data[].attributes.subject
NUR AMIRAH BINTI MOHAMAD KAMAL    12211115026

# data[].attributes.body
YOU ARE WHAT YOU EAT

# data[].attributes.body
NUR SABRINA BINTI MOHD ASRI

# data[].attributes.headline
NUR SABRINA BINTI MOHD ASRI (12211115108)

# data[].attributes.subject
NUR SABRINA BINTI MOHD ASRI (12211115108)

# data[].attributes.body
NAME: MOHAMAD HIDAYAT BIN MOHAMMAD ISA, STUDENT ID:12211115094

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
Mohamad Hidayat bin Mohammad Isa (12211115094)

# data[].attributes.headline
NUR ANIQAH RUSHDA BINTI MOHAMAD (12211115034)

# data[].attributes.subject
NUR ANIQAH RUSHDA BINTI MOHAMAD (12211115034)

# data[].attributes.headline
NUR ANIQAH RUSHDA BINTI MOHAMAD (12211115034)

# data[].attributes.subject
NUR ANIQAH RUSHDA BINTI MOHAMAD (12211115034)

# data[].attributes.headline
NUR ANIQAH RUSHDA BINTI MOHAMAD (12211115034)

# data[].attributes.subject
NUR ANIQAH RUSHDA BINTI MOHAMAD (12211115034)