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Today, 37,000 qanats, which provide 11% of the country's water, are still in operation in Iran. Since the establishment of the water supply system in 1961, qanats have been mainly used for irrigation. Farmers ensure the system's sustainable balance by distributing water between the farms that consume the most water and the orchards that require the least irrigation, according to the existing reserves. The guiding idea is that human beings must adapt to available water resources and not vice versa.

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Qanats are an amazing system of canals, whose function is to capture groundwater. Conceived thousands of years ago, this system is also used in different areas of the Middle East and the Mediterranean basin. A series of gently sloping galleries dug below the surface of the land, collect water from the groundwater table. Wells drilled at regular intervals along the galleries allow for ventilation and the movement of workers, tools, and debris. This technology has stood the test of time and is now a model for the sustainable exploitation of groundwater.

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The elegant clay architecture was thus able to resist the erosion of time and an extremely harsh climate, which earned the old city the possibility of being added to the UNESCO World Heritage List in 2017. Despite the arid climate, agriculture also provides employment for many of the towns in the suburbs and the province. All this has been possible thanks to the preservation of ancestral infrastructures, called qanats.

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Pt.2
Architectural reaction

How can architecture colaborate to achieve those targets?

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Pt.1
political and social action

On average, countries report that more than one-third of all national targets are on track to be achieved (34%) or even surpassed (3%). For the other half of the national targets (51 percent), progress is being made, but not at a pace that will allow the targets to be met. Only 11 percent of the national targets show insufficient progress, and 1 percent of them have not moved in the right direction. However, the national targets are generally poorly aligned with the Aichi Targets for Biodiversity in terms of their scope and level of ambition. Less than a quarter (23%) of the targets are adequately aligned with the Aichi Targets and only about a tenth of all national targets are similar to the Aichi Targets for Biodiversity and are on track to be achieved. 

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written by Secretary-General, Under Secretary-General and Assistant Secretary-General of United Nations,

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Different objetives, clasified depends on the importance.
Then, in each one there are located targets 1-20.

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Aichi Biodiversity Targets