# data[].attributes.body
Originated Indonesia.

Performed today by descendants of Javanese.

Characters from the Mahabharata epic.

Instrument:
1. Xylophones
2. Metallophone
3. Knobbed gong

# data[].attributes.headline
Wayang  Kulit Melayu @ Wayang Kulit Jawa

# data[].attributes.subject
Wayang  Kulit Melayu @ Wayang Kulit Jawa

# data[].attributes.body
Developed under the patronage of Sultan ( Kelantan & Kedah ) 19th & 20th

In present-day Southern Thailand (now)

Episodes of the Mahabharata

Instrument:
1. Brozen gong
2. Tetawak
3. Mong
4. Canang
5. Gendang
6. Keci cymbals

# data[].attributes.body
Originated in Southern Thailand.

Performed by Thai & Malay people.

Performed in the northern peninsular state of Perlis, Kedah, & Kelantan.

Feature local tales the episodes from The Ramayana epic.

Instrument :
1. Drums ( gedak, gedumbak & gendang)
2. Knobbed gong
3. Cymbals

# data[].attributes.headline
Wayang Kulit Kelantan @ Wayang Kulit Siam

# data[].attributes.subject
Wayang Kulit Kelantan @ Wayang Kulit Siam

# data[].attributes.body
Traditionally found in the state of Kelantan, Terengganu, Kedah, Perak & Pahang.

Performed by Malay & several province of Southern Thailand

Basic on the Ramayana epic

Instrument:
Idiophones
1. Tetawak
2. Canang
3. Kesi
Membranophone
1. Gedumbak
2. Gendang
3. Geduk
Aerophone
1. Serunai

Kelantan shadow play music
1. 35 piece
> grouped into several difference categories:
* the appearance of specific character
* piece for giving new
* piece witch reflect activities such as bathing, sleeping, letter readind and so on

2. Texture
> The polyphonic texture
* the melodic lines - Serunai
* Rhythm pattern - drum
* the gong unit - the bronze intruments

3. From/structure
> by colotomic unit/gong unit
* lowest gong tone (tetawak ibu)

4. Rhythm
> the drum
* gedumbak drum

5 Melody
> by Serunai
> 3 type pf piece used:
* are choose foe specific activities
(letter reading, picking flower, lullaby)
* pieces to give news
* piece to relate specific thoughts/mood

6. Scale
> pentatonic
> hexatonic
>heptatonic

7. Melodic
> conjunct melodic motion

8. Vocal
> the puppeteer vocalist and he serunai player produce long melodies which, as noted above, contrast the sustained vibrato-less tone with melodic motif.

# data[].attributes.body
1. Noted an ancient Malay form of theatre.

2. Witnessed in legend, myths, traditional healing ceremony ( main puteri)

3. Rural areas of Patani & Kelantan

4. Performend:
> In village ( on stage at ground level)
> In entertainment ( on raised stage several feet above ground

5. Stories focus on folk heroes, heroin & fantastic adventure
> dialogue
> singing
> dance

6. Important roles:
> Pakyung & Pakyung muda
> Makyung & Puteri Makyung
> Peran Tua & Peran Muda
( old & young clown-servants)
> Tok Wak ( astrologer)

7. Musical Instrument :
> perform by small orchestra
* a pair of gendang drum
* tetawak gong
* one 3-stringed rebab

8. Additional Instrument:
> Serunai
> Canang
> Geduk drum

9. Music :
> Instrument piece ( lagu paluan)
* consist of drummed
> Sung piece ( lagu nyanyian)
* Sedayung Makyung & Sedayung Pakyung

10. Texture & musical form
> Polyphonic

11. Rhythm
> Colotomic unit ( using 2 gendang drums)

12. Melody
> Heterophonic structure
( performed by solo singer & rebab

# data[].attributes.body
1. Minangkabau people - Indonesia & Malaysia

2. Randai was circle-like formation around a particular location
> other sources
- oral storytelling
- martial art ( pencak silat )

3. Storytelling
> only performed by professionals called penglipur lara

4. As this form of dance theatre developed throunghout 20th century, acting became a required element in randai performance
> emphasizing good memory skill in vocalization, mastery of impromptu dialogue with poetic flavour.

Randai performance
Elements :
> actor, dance, songs, story, acting, dramatic text
> performed in the rumah gadang ( tradisionally )

Randai ensemble
> traditional instruments
- caklempong pacik
* contains
* katindick @ adok drum
- pupuik @ serumai

Instrument :
1. Idiophone ( caklempong pacik )
> referred to as the dasar
> another pair is referred to as paningkah
2. Membranophone
> Katindiek
> Adok
2. Aerophone
> Serunai / Pupuik
> Pupuik gadang

Music
a) 4 different melodies played on the Caklempong pacik in a randai performance:
> Perambahan
> Tetarak Lapan
> Cak Din-Din
> Tigo-Tigo

b) Scale
> The vocal piece may use 5-, 6- / 7- tone scale
> Melancholy melody entitled Suaian.
> Situjuah melody sounds similar to a diatonic major scale
> Melodies are symmetrical and balanced

c) Rhythm & Form
> usually duple / quadruple

d) The song are usually Sung monophonically, main singer = main dancer

# data[].attributes.body
1.  Originated from Parsi troupes
From Bombay.

2,   Bangsawan according the
stories and character concerned
the Malay royalty.

3.   Musical instrument:
violin, trumpet, trombone,
saxcopohone, flute, guitar,
drum, maracas, tambourine.

4. Accordian, rebana, and Gong.

5.  Combain Malay and Western
musical instrument.

# data[].attributes.body
1,  Originates in Persia from Indian
Soldier.

2.  Perfomances practice;
a)  comic story and comedy
b)  song and dances

3.  Musical instrument:
violin, gambus, Indian Tabla,
gendang, Marwas hand drums            Indian table.

4.  Combain western, Malay and       Indian musical instruments.

# data[].attributes.body
1.  Chinese communities of
Malaysia.

2.  Accompany the Chinese opera,
Lion dance, weddings, funeral
caremonies.

3. Stories about life and good deed
of king ,  stories about love ,
and about deiltie from heavens.

4.  Character Important:
Seng (male), Toa(female),
Thiu (comic) and Hoa Bin
(painted face).

5.  Musical instrument:
percussion, stringed instrument.

# data[].attributes.body
1,  Found in nourthern  peninsular
Malaysia.

2.  Bourdering southern Thai.

3. Perfomances use only 3 male
actor.

4.  Dance important component.

5.  Musical instrument:
shaped drums or tab ( Mong,
set of finger cymbals or ching)
Electronic keybord, bongo
drums and tambourine.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
Wayang Kulit Seri Asun- kisah puteri tiga warna-P8

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
Wayang Kulit Kelantan - Eteng Nak Jual Tanah

# data[].attributes.body
Traditional dance drama featuring:
1. dialogue, singing, dancing, & instrument music.

2. only in Kedah, origins are unclear, actor refer to the region of the former Patani Sultanate as its place of origin.

3. today, performance of this theatre - limited to a troupe in Kampung Wang Tepus in north Kedah.

4. The young member learn from the experienced players.

5. Performed only by men who take both male & female roles.

6. Staged in an open, roofed hut-like structure at ground level.

7. Performed as entertainment, presenting Malay folk stories.

8. Most important tale - Dewa Muda

9. played to accompany certain activities or situations in a given story

Musical Instrument:
1. Rebana drum
> main rhythm pattern:
- 2 drummers
a) large sized rebana ( rebana ibu / gendang ibu)
b) small sized rebana ( rebana penganak  / gendang penganak
# produce a specific rhythm pattern & running beats in the music

2. Hanging small gongs
> markers of the time
3. Bamboo clappers ( kecerek)
> markers time
4. Serunai
> main melody
5. Vocals
> solo song
> musicians serve as chorus

Type Instrument :
1. Idiophone ( gong & kecerek )
2. Membranophone
> gendang ( barrel & drum )
> rebana drum ( rebana ibu, rebana penganak & rebana peningkah )
3. Aerophones ( Serunai )

Mekmulung Music
3 distinct layers of sound:
> a resultant rhythm pattern
> a melody
> a repeated colotomic unit

Vocal melodies ( simple & static )
> 3 - tone scales
> 4 - tone scales

Serunai melodies
> based on heptatonic scale
> using pentatonic core of whole steps, half steps & 3

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
Teater Bangsawan Musang Berjanggut - Hari Ketiga

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
Boria Asli Pulau Pinang Di Dataran Merdeka Kuala Lumpur Pimpinan OMARA