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Chapter 11. Becoming an Effective Teacher (Page 312)

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Chapter 11. Becoming an Effective Teacher (Page 312)

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1. "The teacher used a questioning technique known as group alerting to keep the reading group involved. By asking questions first and then naming the student to respond, she kept all the students awake and on their toes. If she had said, “Sean, why did Tony feel concerned about his trip?” the other students in the group would have been less concerned about paying attention and answering the question. Instead, she asked her question first and then called on a student to respond."
2. "The teacher seemed to have “eyes in the back of her head.” Termed wittiness by researcher Jacob Kounin, this quality characterizes teachers who are aware of student behavior in all parts of the room at all times. While the teacher was conducting the reading group, she was aware of the students passing notes and the one who needed assistance."
3. "The teacher managed the transition from one lesson to the next smoothly and effectively, avoiding a bumpy transition, which Kounin termed fragmentation. When students must move from one activity to another, a gap is created in the fabric of instruction. Chaos can result when transitions are not handled competently by the instructor."

The reason why I picked these quotes because it demonstrates what a classroom should look like and how the teacher should teach and also make the kids comfortable in the classroom. I like this because it makes the kids not feel bored or left out if the teachers don't make them feel like its there classroom too.

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Chapter 10. Curriculum, Standards, and Testing (Page 278 & 279)

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Chapter 10. Curriculum, Standards, and Testing (Page 278 & 279)

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1. "A curriculum refers to the set of courses, and their content, offered at a school or university. (It derives from the Latin verb “Currier,” meaning “to run or proceed,” an understandable origin for the path of courses we expect students to proceed through.)."
2. "Let’s face it, some of the most powerful curricular lessons taught in school are not to be found in the formal curriculum at all. This “invisible curriculum” has two parts, and by describing each we hope to make it more visible for you. Let’s start with what educators sometimes call the implicit or hidden curriculum—learning that is not always intended but emerges as students are shaped by the school culture, including the attitudes and behaviors of teachers."
3. " When a person or group decides that some topic is unimportant, inappropriate, too controversial, or not worth the time, that topic is never taught and becomes part of the null curriculum. Most of us experience the null curriculum when our history class does not get us to the present."

The reason why these quotes was because it shows the different curriculum that are being teach in different schools. Another thing is that how schools were being taught back in the day when it was a little more strict but its the same as in different schools such has Charter School are being more strict with the kids. I know this because I used to go to Charter School before and I didn't like it.

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Chapter 9. Purposes of America’s Schools and the Current Reform Movement (Page 255 & 257)

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Chapter 9. Purposes of America’s Schools and the Current Reform Movement (Page 255 & 257)

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1. "An educational voucher functions as an admission ticket to any school. In a voucher system, the government gives parents a certain amount of money (variable by state) which parents can use to “shop” for the best public or private school. In effect, vouchers are public taxpayer money that parents use in any school they want. The chosen school gets paid by turning in the student’s voucher to a local or state government, and the government pays the money the voucher is worth. In theory, good schools will attract many students, collect their vouchers, redeem them with the local government, and receive cash."
2. "The state moved to open enrollment, which allows parents to send their student to any Minnesota public school with available space. In most cases, this means switching to another school in the same school district, or one in a neighboring district."
3. "A magnet school attracts students by offering one or more special programs, such as math, music production, language immersion, science, technology, and/or other specialties. Some magnets are associated with local institutions like museums or industry. In theory, highly regarded programs draw students from near and far like a magnet.

The reason why I picked these quotes because to show how school are changing and the requirements to get into the school. I feel this is so unfair because there are parents who are struggling but have a very smart kid but there aren't as much opportunities for both the parents and the students. I feel everyone should be treated as the same even if you are smart or not.

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Purposes of America’s Schools and the Current Reform Movement

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Chapter 8. School Law and Ethics (Page 214-216)

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Chapter 8. School Law and Ethics (Page 214-216)

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1. "Not too long ago, school districts regularly considered marital and parenthood status in employment decisions. For women these were critical factors in being offered a job, and the “right” answer was: “No, I am not going to get married or have children.” For male candidates, the question was less important and rarely asked."
2. "The Supreme Court ruled that victims of sexual harassment are also victims of sex discrimination under Title IX, and can, in theory, recover monetary damages. However, in the real world, sexual harassment is both illegal and very difficult to stop. To find legal relief, nearly all of the burden falls on the victim."
3. "The right to academic freedom (that is, to teach without coercion, censorship, or other restrictive interference) is not absolute. The courts will balance your right to academic freedom with the school system’s interests in students learning appropriate subject matter in an environment conducive to learning. Courts look at such factors as whether your learning activities and materials are inappropriate, irrelevant to the subjects to be covered under the syllabus, obscene, or substantially disruptive of school discipline."

Th reason why I chose these quotes because to show how the Law was treating people because of their sexuality. Also to show that they won't tell them teach or educate student because of the way they are thinking the students won't learn anything or they aren't showing a good example to them. This shouldn't stop teacher from educating kids just because of there sexuality.

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Chapter 7. Financing and Governing America’s Schools (Page 193)

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Chapter 7. Financing and Governing America’s Schools (Page 193)

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1. "Today’s children spend a trillion consumer dollars annually. Their allowances, their paychecks, and the influence they exert on parents’ spending make them prime targets for advertisers. Marketing experts film children at play, study their behaviors, and analyze their tastes. Based on that research, sophisticated and effective sales pitches are created, and children are persuaded to buy products from fast food to cosmetics."
2. "Here is one example of how this research shapes the buying habits of children: Advertisers have learned that younger children want to be like older children, so aspirational marketing was born. Advertisers intentionally market older products to younger children. Young girls are targeted for sexy adolescent clothes, although they lack the maturity to understand the strong social messages wearing such clothes sends."
3. "For young boys, it is about emulating the physical strength and toughness of older boys, so rough competitions are valued. Young boys watch wrestling matches on television, play violent video games, and sometimes experiment with steroids."

The reason why I chose these quotes is because It shows how boys and girls are completely different from each other. I don't really like how they stereo type what boys and girls would buy because not all girls are girly and not all boys doesn't like buying boy stuff. But it also shows how they spend all their money in one day and don't save their money up.

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Chapter 6. Philosophy of Education (Pages 156 & 157)

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Chapter 6. Philosophy of Education (Pages 156 & 157)

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1. "Traditionally, teacher-centered philosophies emphasize the importance of transferring knowledge, information, and skills from the older (presumably wiser) generation to the younger one. The teacher’s role is to instill respect for authority, perseverance, duty, consideration, and practicality."
2. "Essentialism strives to teach students the accumulated knowledge of our civilization through core courses in the traditional academic disciplines. Existentialists aim to instill students with the “essentials” of academic knowledge, patriotism, and character development. This traditional or back-to-basics approach is meant to train the mind, promote reasoning, and ensure a common culture among all Americans."
3. "Perennialism is a cousin to Essentialism. Both advocate teacher-centered classrooms. Both tolerate little flexibility in the curriculum. Both implement rigorous standards. Both aim to sharpen students’ intellectual powers and enhance their moral qualities. So what are the differences?"

The reason why I chose these quote because it explain the Philosophy of Education and how each philosophies emphasize an importance of transferring knowledge. i like how each philosophies explains how teachers should teach their class and it shows how my classroom was taught because of these.

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Chapter 5. The Multicultural History of American Education (Pages 115 & 117)

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Chapter 5. The Multicultural History of American Education (Pages 115 & 117)

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1. "One of the striking differences between Christopher Lamb’s colonial classroom and today’s typical public school is the role of religion in education. The religious fervor that drove the Puritans to America also drove them to provide religious education for their young, making New England the cradle of American education."
2."The family was the major educational resource for youngsters, and the first lessons typically focused on reading. Values, manners, social graces, and even vocational skills were taught by parents and grandparents. Home instruction eventually became more specialized, and some women began to devote their time to teaching, converting their homes into schools."
3. The colonial experience established many of today’s educational norms:

Local control of schools

Compulsory education

Tax-supported schools

State standards for teaching and schools

The reason I picked these quotes because I liked how it showed the different ways of education. Also it shows the developing of school and how they are taught differently than other school. Lastly it shows how schools now.

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Chapter 4. Student Life in School and at Home (Pages 86 & 87)

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Chapter 4. Student Life in School and at Home (Pages 86 & 87)

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1. "If students are to succeed in school, they must be able to cope with continual delay. Many do not. Student disengagement is a very real issue, and one that widens with time: Between fifth and twelfth grades, the number of students who report feeling involved with school declines steadily each year."
2. "When students respond to questions designed to measure their friendship patterns, ten percent of them emerge as not being anybody’s friend (isolates). About half of these are just ignored. The other half become the victims of active peer group rejection and hostility."
3. "Teachers must work every day to create humane and caring classrooms. An insightful teacher can structure a classroom to minimize negative and hurtful interaction and maximize the positive power of peer group relations. For instance, eliminating social cliques and race- and gender-based segregation is a precursor to successful cooperative groups."

The reason why I chose these quotes was because it stands out to me. Also I like the part where they said " Teachers must work everyday to create humane and classrooms." because It should be a great mind set to have a clear view of of the classroom.

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Chapter 3. Teaching Your Diverse Students (Page 53)

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Chapter 3. Teaching Your Diverse Students (Page 53)

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1. "Let’s take a look at how this is manifested. Many adults conclude that students of color are punished more in school because of their misbehavior, but research points the finger at the unconscious bias of teachers and administrators. Here’s an example: In one study teachers were given disciplinary reports of students with repeated misbehavior. They were asked to decide what the appropriate punishment should be for each of these student infractions."
2. "Actual school data brings this research into vivid focus. Students of color (black, American Indian, and Hispanic) are four times more likely to be given school suspensions than are white students. When black students and white students break the same rule, the black student is more likely to be sent to the office for punishment, a punishment that might lead to an in- or out-of-school suspension."
3. "Students of color are more likely to be reprimanded for subjective offenses not in the school code of conduct (insubordination, excessive noise, disrespect, and the like). These “infractions” are judgment calls by a teacher or an administrator. White students, on the other hand, are more likely to be punished for offenses written and detailed in the school code (drugs, weapons, obscene language, and the like)."

The reason why I chose these was that Its hard to believe that they single out Black, American Indian, and Hispanic they are stereotyping kids and that's not right. Not all students aren't the same not all kids are bad just deepening on the background or families they came from.

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Chapter 2. Different Ways of Learning (Page 29)

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Chapter 2. Different Ways of Learning (Page 29)

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1. "In adult life, these unethical behaviors lead to grievous consequences on Wall Street, in corporations, in politics, and in our personal lives. Gardner believes that we must tackle this deceit head on and teach children to think reflectively about their behavior. He would like to see more young adults choose careers that advance society, rather than focus on accruing personal wealth at the cost of leading an ethical life."
2.  "Disrespectful behavior in our society has become commonplace, and Gardner believes we should teach children to develop respectful minds. This means honoring people with different ideas, different cultures, and different belief systems. In fact, we have much to learn from those who have experienced different lives. In an ever-shrinking world, the lack of respectful minds can have dire consequences."
3. "Being creative is a timeless skill. A creative mind discovers new ways of looking at the world, and offers new insights and a fresh way of thinking. Some believe that creativity may be America’s greatest (and most underdeveloped) natural resource."

The reason why I selected these quotes are because it speaks truth and it also speaks about whats going on in this world today. For example these kids in our society have their own different ways of learning and its not the same as others. Also they have their own way of thinking. This also relates back to when I was in middle school where I had a creative mind where I would look at stuff at a whole need level.

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 Chapter 1. The Teaching Profession and You (Page 22)

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 Chapter 1. The Teaching Profession and You (Page 22)

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1. "Adults tend to romanticize what schools were like when they attended as children, for they always studied harder and learned more than their children do. (And when they went to school, they had to walk through four feet of snow, uphill, in both directions!)"
2. "Schools today work with tremendous numbers of poor students, non-English-speaking children, and special education students who just a few years ago would not have been attending school as long or, in some cases, would not have been attending school at all."
3. "Teachers’ associations and tenure have been criticized for protecting incompetent teachers at the expense of student performance. This argument is weakened when we see that countries with far stronger teacher unions, like Finland, have student test scores that are at or near the top of all countries tested."

The reason why I selected these quotes because it relates a lot our society and school in the  united states too mean which have a strong impact.
How these quotes changed my action is that we have to change how society is doing to school and students who are poor and other kids who wants to go to school and learn .