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The decision made is that a group's request to engage in a parade or demonstration involving public display of the Nazi swastika is a symbolic form of free speech that is at least presumptively entitled to First Amendment protections. In other words, the Court's decision implies that First Amendment protection would not be denied to use of the swastika as a form of "fighting words".

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Speech or writing that is defamatory is likely to damage someone's good reputation by saying something bad and untrue about them.

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Libel is a written or published defamatory statement, while slander is defamation that is spoken by the defendant

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Seditious speech is speech directed at the overthrow of government.

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A landmark United States Supreme Court case concerning the constitutionality of Executive Order 9066, which ordered Japanese Americans into internment camps during World War II regardless of their citizenship.

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Racial segregation, especially in public schools, that happens “by fact” rather than by legal requirement.

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This defined the rights of citizens: all persons born in the united states are granted citizenship,  no state can deny any person the equal protection of the laws, no state can deny any person life, liberty, property without due process of law.

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No Cruel and Unusual Punishment

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Trial by Jury in Civil Cases

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Right to a Speedy Trial

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Right's Protection of The Accused, No Double Jeopardy, Due Process

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Protection from illegal searches & seizures

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Right to keep and bear arms

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Freedom of Speech, Religion, Press, Assembly, Petition

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The 1971 supreme court decision that established that aid to church-related schools must (1) have a secular legislative purpose; (2) have a primary effect that neither advances nor inhibits religion; and (3) not foster excessive government entanglement with religion.

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Prior restraint is censorship imposed, usually by a government or institution, on expression, that prohibits particular instances of expression.

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Congress shall make no law respecting an establishment of religion, or prohibiting the free exercise thereof.

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Under this test, a law will be declared constitutional so long as it is rationally related to a legitimate government interest.

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The Supreme Court unanimously ruled that states are required under the Sixth Amendment to the U.S. Constitution to provide an attorney to defendants in criminal cases who are unable to afford their own attorneys.

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A landmark decision of the U.S. Supreme Court that gupheld the constitutionality of racial segregation laws for public facilities as long as the segregated facilities were equal in quality – a doctrine that came to be known as "separate but equal".

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An enslaved African American man in the United States who unsuccessfully sued for his freedom.

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A landmark decision issued in 1973 by the United States Supreme Court on the issue of the constitutionality of laws that criminalized or restricted access to abortions.

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Outlaws discrimination based on race, color, religion, sex, or national origin.

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Jim Crow laws were state and local laws that enforced racial segregation in the Southern United States

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An action or policy favoring those who tend to suffer from discrimination, especially in relation to employment or education.

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A literacy test assesses a person's literacy skills: their ability to read and write. Literacy tests have been administered by various governments to immigrants.

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Supreme Court decided that evidence obtained in violation of the Fourth Amendment, which protects against "unreasonable searches and seizures," may not be used in state law criminal prosecutions in state courts.

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Refers to the idea that a governmental body may not deny people equal protection of its governing laws.

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The Fifth Amendment right against self-incrimination requires law enforcement officials to advise a suspect interrogated in custody of his or her rights to remain silent and to obtain an attorney.

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Supreme Court case in which the justices ruled unanimously that racial segregation of children in public schools was unconstitutional.

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A landmark United States Supreme Court case in which the Court ruled that it is unconstitutional for state officials to compose an official school prayer and encourage its recitation in public schools.

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The incorporation doctrine is a constitutional doctrine through which the first ten amendments of the United States Constitution (known as the Bill of Rights) are made applicable to the states through the Due Process clause of the Fourteenth Amendment.

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Symbolic speech is conduct that expresses an idea.

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A case in which the Court found that any racial quota for the purpose of admissions supported by a government entity violates the Equal Protection Clause

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Probable cause is a reasonable belief that a person has committed or will commit a crime.

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De jure segregation refers to the legal separation of groups in society.

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In American jurisprudence, a suspect classification is any classification of groups meeting a series of criteria suggesting they are likely the subject of discrimination.

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Speech plus, which is known as Symbolic Speech, involves the communication of ideas through the combination of language and action—such as the burning of a draft card while stating opposition to the military.

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No person can be tried twice for the same crime.

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Fair treatment through the normal judicial system, especially as a citizen's entitlement.

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The clause in the First Amendment of the US Constitution that prohibits the establishment of religion by Congress.

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A law that prohibits the use of illegally obtained evidence in a criminal trial.