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- Precise spotlight on the specific character
- Dramatic gestures to express emotions and intentions
- Set used as expression of emotions and state of mind
- Color change of the scenes to switch between places and fellings

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Lighting tends to focus on specific people, creating an eerie circle around them (alludes to horror film)

Used traditionally play set design for setting

Color filter (tint/toning) to represent time difference and different emotions

There Object in the background of up close shots for interest

Different text for different context

Odd positions and everything appears to be slanted

Repetition

High key lighting in contrast with the dark clothing

Jump cuts

Music matches action

Overly dramatic reactions

Shadows create background context

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Having just experienced the war, german expressionisms surrounds around the experiences and pchycological impact

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German Expressionism developed as a result of the younger generation's reaction against the bourgeois culture of German during this time period.

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Fear was a powerful emotion and a common theme in Europe after the war. Fear then made its way into the cinemas inspiring new ideas

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Expressionism refers to art in which the image of reality is distorted in order to make it expressive of the artist’s inner feelings or ideas

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The Cabinet of Dr. Caligari (1920)
From Morn to Midnight (1920)
The Golem: How He Came into the World ( 1920)
Nosferatu (1922)
Warning Shadows (1923)
The Hands or Orlac (1924)
Waxworks (1924)
Variety (1925)
The Student of Prague (1926)
Metropolis (1927)

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1910's-1930's

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•Using expressionist ideas to influence mise-en-scene instead using realism.
•Mise-en-scene is made like the work of expressionist artists (Vinvent Van Gogh, El Greco), to distort reality to either pass the message of how a character is mentally disturbed (like in The Cabinet of Dr. Caligari) or to give those emotions and mental distortion to the audience watching the film.
•Complex plots and plot-twists
•Dark characters and storylines
•Storytelling through the sets and the costumes
•The lighting was used to create shapes, the sets and the characters were used to cast shadows

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Distorted setting

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Distorted shapes and lines in set design that counter the sense of balance, heavy shadowing along with theatrical actor movements are practiced in German Expresionism to suggest a warped or perverted perspective of the world. The story world is twisted as a reflection of the storyteller’s emotional state.

Gothic makeup and clothing along with exaggerated movements of the actors are also expressions to the distortion of reality that further suggest ill psychological states.

Expressionist films also applied symmetry shots, distortion, exaggeration and juxtaposition of similar shapes in the mise-en-scene.

Expressionist films often employ flat lighting to stress the connection between the characters and the décor.

The themes and visual style of German Expressionism are later widely used in horror and fantasy stories, crime thrillers, melodramas, social dramas and historical epics to create the sombre mood.

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German expressionism was an early twentieth century German art movement that emphasised the artist's inner feelings or ideas over replicating reality, and was characterised by simplified shapes, bright colours and gestural marks or brushstrokes

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lightning
shadows
shades
shapes
body movement
camera movement/placement

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Mise-en-scene
using the strange/different settings and costumes to portray the emotions of the characters