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if the astronauts do not get enough sleep it could cause mentle and physical issues.

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Has there been animals by themselves in space before

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Has there been animals by themselves in space before

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Transitioning from one gravity field to another can be tricky it can cause loss in head-eye and hand-eye cooranation

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Transitioning from one gravity field to another can be tricky it can cause loss in head-eye and hand-eye cooranation

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is there a was to stop major engine failures upon the rocket. Say there is a engine failure when you are not quite in space and thee engine just stops how will you get back on earth safely. 

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is there a was to stop major engine failures upon the rocket. Say there is a engine failure when you are not quite in space and thee engine just stops how will you get back on earth safely. 

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Radiation is a form of energy that is emitted in the form of rays, electromagnetic waves, and/or particles. Radiation can be created by humans (microwaves, cell phones, radios, light bulbs, diagnostic medical applications such as x-rays) or naturally occurring (the Sun, radioactive elements in the Earth’s crust, radiation trapped in the Earth’s magnetic field, stars, and other astrophysical objects like quasars or galactic centers). Beyond Low Earth Orbit, space radiation may place astronauts at significant risk for radiation sickness, and increased lifetime risk for cancer, central nervous system effects, and degenerative diseases. Research studies of exposure in various doses and strengths of radiation provide strong evidence that cancer and degenerative diseases are to be expected from exposures to galactic cosmic rays (GCR) or solar particle events (SPE).

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. They have special sleeping like bags that are attached to the 

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How well the the ISS provide water? Is there enough for everyone?

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how can they sleep

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How long can humans live in space? We don't know the answer to that. But every crew that resides on the International Space Station provides us information that we use to adjust our protocols and extends that period of time.

The longest contiguous amount of time a human has spent in space is 437 days. That was done by Valeri Polyakov, almost 20 years ago. That was his second flight. His first was 240 days long. Sergei Krikalev, over six flights, has spent 803 days in space.

Space is a harsh environment for humans-we didn't evolve to live there. Systems throughout our body have specifically evolved to function under the stresses of gravity.

Because our muscles are constantly working against gravity on Earth, those muscles have a lot less work to do in space. In other words, they'll start to atrophy. That includes our heart (which shrinks a little), the muscles in our neck that hold up our heads, and our calves.

Since our bones don't experience the same loads they do on the ground, they feel no need to maintain themselves. Bone tissue is still absorbed, but it doesn't rebuild itself like it would on Earth. This absorbed bone can cause kidney stones, and the places where the bone has weakened can easily fracture.

Here's a graphic that shows the rate of bone loss for various parts of the body:

There is evidence that extended periods in space can result in dysregulation of the immune system. While there isn't too much risk of being exposed to pathogens, a compromised immune system can result in unwanted autoimmune responses and hypersensitivity.

Aside from the deleterious affects of microgravity, a potentially larger threat is radiation. We really do take for granted how much our planet protects us from it.

Out in space, astronauts are exposed to galactic cosmic radiation, solar radiation, solar cosmic particles, and geomagnetically bound radiation. All these types of radiation are so prevalent that, when astronauts close their eyes, they often still "see" bright flashes, as cosmic rays hit their optic nerves.

Radiation exposure can result in cell death or cause mutations resulting in cancers or epigenetic effects. Some systems are quite sensitive to radiation and their functions can quickly become impaired, such as the immune system, bone marrow system and eyes, which could develop cataracts.

We do our best to provide shielding, but paradoxically, shielding can result in more exposure by what is called secondary radiation. When an energetic particle hits the shielding material it can emit gamma rays and energetic neutrons. NASA takes astronaut radiation exposure very seriously. We both monitor the exposure of each crew member for individual missions and maintain a total career tally. When they hit the allowed threshold, they can be prohibited from flying ever again.
Image: Caspar Benson/Getty Images How long can humans live in space and what is the worst case scenario for someone who lives too long in space? This answer has been lightly edited for grammar and clarity. originally appeared on Quora: "Ask a question, get a great answer. Learn from experts and get insider knowledge." You can follow Quora on Twitter, Facebook, and Google+.

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How Long Humans Can Live in Space-and What Happens if We Stay Too Long

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How long can humans live in space? We don't know the answer to that. But every crew that resides on the International Space Station provides us information that we use to adjust our protocols and extends that period of time.

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How do astronauts sleep at night? How do they get enough sleep?

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What if someone dies in space and your stuck in space how do you get back to the docking area?

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How can you get food to the people on the ISS if you have a meteor block the docking area

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How can you get food to the people on the ISS if you have a meteor block the docking area

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There probably is medicines on the ISS. What would astronauts do without them?

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cause of the junk around space it can destroy a satellite.

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cause of the junk around space it can destroy a satellite.

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what if someone get lost in space and there's no one else aboard the ISS

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if you lose oxygen aboard the ISS is there a back up source of oxygen

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Solution: Make food more compact by using the freeze-dry method, but make sure it still contains vitamins and minerals.  Some astronauts take more food to fill their stomachs than others, so if you made all of the food compact, and lightweight, it wouldn’t be a problem!

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Solution: Build space stations out of stronger materials to reduce debris damage.

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Have a suit to protect them from the radiations.

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Why is there a lot of junk in space.

How can we clean space

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There are over 5,000 satellites in space right now. there is debris so small that it can destroy a 500 foot satellite. Is there a way to solve this problem?

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problem : where do they use the bathroom 

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problem : where do they use the bathroom 

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solution
put in a

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Solution: Invent up-to-date trash compactors that will still work as expected when astronauts are far out in space. This would be able to help astronauts reuse materials more effectively.

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Solution: Exercise and train more often, to prevent the effects of weightlessness, or zero gravity. If you don’t exercise, you could lose your sense of up and down, so you need to stay active in order for your mind to process thoroughly.

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The sensation of weightlessness, or zero gravity, happens when the effects of gravity are not felt. Technically speaking, gravity does exist everywhere in the universe because it is defined as the force that attracts two bodies to each other. But astronauts in space usually do not feel its effects.

The International Space Station, for example, is in perpetual freefall above the Earth. Its forward motion, however, just about equals the speed of its "fall" toward the planet. This means that the astronauts inside are not pulled in any particular direction. So they float.

Not having to bear weight on your feet sounds relaxing, but in the long term there are many health problems associated with it. Bones and muscles weaken, and other changes also take place within the body. One of the functions of the ISS is to study how astronaut health is affected by long periods in weightlessness.

Experiencing weightlessness

You don't have to leave Earth to (briefly) escape the bonds of gravity. Anyone who crested the top of the hill in a fast roller coaster, or who sat in a small plane pushed down suddenly by the wind, briefly experienced weightlessness.

More sustained periods are possible in planes that fly a parabola. NASA's reduced gravity flight program, for example, flies planes in a series of about 30 to 40 parabolas for researchers to conduct experiments on board. Each climb produces a force about twice the force of gravity for 30 seconds. Then, when the plane, also called the " Vomit Comet" because it makes some passengers nauseous, reaches the top of the parabola and descends, passengers feel microgravity for about 25 seconds. (If you want to experience this yourself, companies such as Zero G Corp. provide weightless joyrides in aircraft, for a price of course.)

The film crew and actors on the movie "Apollo 13" spent hours aboard a plane that flew parabolic flights over and over again. This allowed the actors to really "float" during their time in the movie spacecraft rather than relying on cumbersome wires.

Astronauts, however, experience weightlessness for much longer periods. The longest sustained time spent in space took place in 1994-95, when Valeri Polyakov spent almost 438 days in space.

Even a few days in space can present temporary health problems, as Heidemarie Stefanyshyn-Piper discovered after spending two weeks in space during STS-115 in 2006. During a press conference after the landing, Piper collapsed, as she was not quite readjusted to gravity.

Temporary health effects

Weightlessness causes several key systems of the body to relax, as it is no longer fighting the pull of gravity. Astronauts' sense of up and down gets confused, NASA said, because the vestibular system no longer can figure out where the ground and the ceiling are. Spacecraft designers take this into account; the ISS, for example, has all of its writing on the walls pointing in the same direction.

Crewmembers also experience a disruption in their proprioceptive system, which tells where arms, legs and other parts of the body are oriented relative to each other. "The first night in space when I was drifting off to sleep," one Apollo astronaut said in a NASA interview, "I suddenly realized that I had lost track of ... my arms and legs. For all my mind could tell, my limbs were not there."

This disorientation can cause astronauts to become queasy for a few days. One famous example took place during Apollo 9 in 1969. Rusty Schweickart had to change a planned spacewalk because he was feeling ill. The concern was that if he vomited while in his spacesuit, the fluid could spread through his helmet (making it hard to see) or interfere with the breathing apparatus and cause him to potentially choke to death.

Spacecraft also must be designed to take microgravity into account. During spacewalks, for example, astronauts require extra handholds and footholds on the exterior of their spacecraft so that they can anchor themselves and not float away. (Astronauts also attach to them in tethers in case they lose their grip.)

Long-term health effects

Astronauts in space for weeks to months can run into trouble. Calcium in bones secretes out through urine. As the bones weaken, astronauts are more susceptible to breaking them if they slip and fall, just like people with osteoporosis. Muscles also lose mass.

But time on the International Space Station has helped NASA run studies on how astronaut health is affected by time in weightlessness. Already the agency has made changes. For example, it replaced the interim Resistive Exercise Device (iRED) with the Advanced Resistive Exercise Device in 2008, allowing astronauts to do weight-lifting without "maxing out" their top weight. ARED is linked to better outcomes in bone density and muscle strength, although all conclusions in space are hard to draw (in the general since) since the astronaut population is fit already and extremely small.

Astronauts typically have an allocated exercise period of two hours a day in space to counteract these effects; this time not only includes cardiovascular exercise and weight-lifting, but also time to change clothes and set up or take down equipment. Despite exercise, it still takes months of rehabilitation to adjust on Earth after a typical six-month space mission. More recently, doctors have discovered eye pressure changes in orbit. NASA has tracked vision changes in astronauts that were on the space station, but nothing so serious as to cause concern. Its cause is still under investigation, although one possible culprit includes spinal fluid that stays constant in microgravity instead of the normal shifting that takes place on Earth as you lie down or stand up. In addition to spinal fluid, a 2017 study tracked changes in both short-flight and long-flight astronauts. Some studies also point out that astronauts experience a slightly elevated level of carbon dioxide on the station because of the filtration system; that gas may also contribute to eye problems.

Former NASA astronaut Scott Kelly participated in a rare, one-year mission to the International Space Station in 2015-16. His twin brother and former NASA astronaut Mark (who retired before Scott) agreed to participate, along with Scott, in several "twin experiments" to compare Scott's health in space with that of Mark's on the ground.

Preliminary results from one study released in October 2017 showed that different genes turn on or off in space. Other studies discussed earlier that year revealed subtle changes as well. For example, telomeres (which slow down chromosome deterioration) in Scott temporarily got longer in space. Scott also had a slight deterioration in cognitive ability (thinking speed and accuracy) and bone formation, although not enough to be concerning.

Scientists who work with microgravity health experiments note that often the changes seen in orbit mimic what happens as people naturally age, although often the processes are different. A group of Canadian researchers - some of whom have expertise in space medicine - have access to a long-term health facility for seniors at the University of Waterloo. There, researchers can measure seniors in their residences rather than bringing them into a lab, where the conditions are artificial and can mask or exaggerate certain health conditions.

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Weightlessness and Its Effect on Astronauts

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The sensation of weightlessness, or zero gravity, happens when the effects of gravity are not felt. Technically speaking, gravity does exist everywhere in the universe because it is defined as the force that attracts two bodies to each other. But astronauts in space usually do not feel its effects.

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Is there a way to solve the human health in space?

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Is there a way to solve the human health in space?

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While astronauts live aboard the ISS there cardiovascular system can be affected (also known as your heart)