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By: Jessica Brayer and Maddie Dorman

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The French had an advantage to this war. They had a government that could act quickly, controlled most of North America, sent ships of soldiers, and The French could count on specific Indian Tribes. The British lost the Iroquois tribe as allies and Iroquois decided to support the winning side and join the French.

Colonists Reaction:

The colonists were happy the war was over, but unsure of their future with the British.

British Reaction:
The British taxed the colonists to gain money from all the debt in the war

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After the French and Indian War there were many problems for the British Government. One problem was from keeping the colonists and the American Indians from harming each other. The King ordered in his Proclamation of 1763 that the settlers stay East of the crest of the Appalachian Mountains and the Indians stay West.

Colonists Reaction:
The colonists had already begun to move west. So the law did not succeed.

British Reaction:
The British wanted to save money because they had so many British troops left from the war still stationed in the colonies.

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Proper name of the act is The American Revenue Act. Goal of the act was to improve income in order to help pay the military costs of protecting the American Colonies when Great Britain was in debt during the war. Focus of the act was to stop merchants and manufacturers from stealing non-British things so taxes are not imposed by Parliament. The British thought lower the taxes the colonists would be more likely to buy sugar from them instead of trying to smuggle it.

Colonists Reaction:
The tax worried colonists. They didn’t want Britain seizing power from colonial governments.

British Reaction:
Britain believed the colonists should have to help pay the cost of the war since much of the fighting was to defend them.

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The British government had to pay off the large debt from the French and Indian War so they passed the Stamp Act. This law required when a colonist purchased a piece of paper they had to buy a stamp. The colonists protested with words and violence until the Parliament canceled the act.

Colonists Reaction:
This law gave colonial leaders a chance to conviene the colonists that they were being taxed unfairly. Also that they had to voice in the government. The colonists created a special Congress called the Stamp Act Congress. They protested the law and demanded it be repealed.

British Reaction:
The British government wanted/needed money. They thought the colonists should have to pay for it

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This act ordered colonial assemblies to provide British troops with quarters, or housing. The colonists did not want to do this because it cost them more money and the soldiers just took up space and did nothing.

Colonists Reaction:
The New York assembly chose to disapprove funds for vinegar, salt, and liquor for the troops.

British Reaction:
The British government did not let the assembly come together until it agreed to follow the Quartering Act. Both sides of the Atlantic become angered.

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This law stated that the British Parliament”s taxing authority was the same in America as in Great Britain. Parliament had the right to govern and tax the colonists.

Colonists Reaction:
The colonial leaders were very mad. This law was what they had feared.

British Reaction:
The British passed this law to clearly state the position of the British crown.

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Charles Townshend found a way to tax colonies. Parliament passed his plan in 1767. Lawmakers in New York were not allowed to do business until they met the demands of General Gage. The Townshend Acts placed taxes on glass, paper, paint, lead, and tea that were shipped to colonies. This was to make sure colonists didn't steal. Money from colonists went to salaries of officers.

Colonists Reaction:
The Sons of Liberty asked colonial merchants to sell British goods at all. The Daughters of Liberty encouraged women to make their own clothes and use American made goods.

British Reaction:

British soldiers who were being paid poorly had begun to accept jobs at the colonists at lower wages than the colonists were being paid. These were the same British soldiers the colonists had to house and feed.

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When the Parliament repealed the Townshend duties, a fight happened in Boston between soldiers and Colonists. The colonists in Boston represented the British soldiers.

Colonists Reaction:
Nothing happened to the colonists, Paul Revere 3 weeks later hired an artist to draw the Boston Massacre. It was very misleading for both sides. Most merchants stopped the boycott of British goods. Some colonial leaders were still unhappy with the way they were being treated by the British.

British Reaction:

The British officers were not changed with murder, but two British soldiers were charged with manslaughter. Their hands were branded, burned, and then they were released. That was all the punishment they got. The British Parliament repealed all taxes except the one on tea.

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Repeal Of The Townshend Act: April 12, 1770

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Repeal Of The Townshend Act: April 12, 1770

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Lord North of Parliament realized that the Townshend duties were not helping. The duties did not make up for all the money the British were losing because of the boycott. 1770 North made Parliament repeal the Townshend duties except the tax of tea.

Colonists Reaction:
Most merchants stopped the boycott of British goods. Colonial leaders were still unhappy with the way they were being treated by the British.

British Reaction:
The British Parliament repealed all taxes except the one on tea.

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A boat leaving Newport saw the HMS Gaspee. (Gaspee was sent to watch over Providence). The news reached Providence and a crew of 55 men went to the ship and attacked it. Members of the crew got on board the Gaspee and hauled the sailors off the ship onto the shore and looted, then burnt, the Gaspee. Captain of Gaspee charged for illegally taking goods. No arrests.

Colonists Reaction:
A special commission sent the crew and captain of the Gaspee to England for trial. Duddington was accused of stealing goods.

British Reaction:

When the Parliament found out, they were furious. They sent the Gaspee in order to watch over Providence since the British did not trust the colonists, for many reasons.

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Boats and boating--Equipment and supplies

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Parliament revoked Townshend Acts but kept tax on tea. Samuel Adams created a Committee of Correspondence so other leaders in Massachusetts could communicate. The Tea Act passed, gave the British full control on American tea trade. Tea became cheap. Shippers, merchants, and other colonists got mad because the new act hurt their businesses.

Colonists Reaction
Colonial leaders found this law totally unacceptable. A group of colonists on December 16, 1773 dressed at Native Americans boarded three tea ships in Boston harbor. They put over 300 chests of tea into the salty water. Some of the colonial leaders offered to Parliament to pay for the tea if they would repeal the law.

British Reaction:

Parliament refused the offer. They passed more harsh new laws to punish the Massachusetts colony. (Intolerable Acts)

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King George thought the issue with the colonists was no longer about taxes. To him it was about Great Britain's control over the colonies. Great Britain led Parliament to pass laws so harsh.

Colonists Reaction:
First Continental Congress met and voted to stop all trade with the British, until the Intolerable Acts were repealed. Georgia did not come. Colonists began training soldiers.

British Reaction:

Once Parliament found out about the boycott, they passed more laws that created more limits to colonial trade, instead of repealing the Intolerable Acts. Also, they sent more British soldiers to the colonies.

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First Continental Congress: September 5-October 26, 1774

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First Continental Congress: September 5-October 26, 1774

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Members from the Committees of Correspondence came together in Philadelphia and started the First Continental Congress. This Act banned all trade between Britain and the colonies until the Intolerable Acts got revoked. Congress also wanted each of the colonies to start training their soldiers. The meeting of this act was important, broke apart from British law and this caused an independent government in the future.

Colonists Reaction:
The colonists agreed to see each other in 7 months if things weren't better. Colonists thought if they thought with Britain the war would be short. Colonists strongly believed Britain would repel the Intolerable Acts.

British Reaction:

Parliament passed more harsh laws to punish the colonies. Fighting began with Britain by the time the Second Continental Congress met.

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2nd Continental Congress/Olive Branch Petition: 1775

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2nd Continental Congress/Olive Branch Petition: 1775

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The colonial leaders sent a petition called the Olive Branch Petition to the King of England. The petition asked the king to help make peace between the British and colonists.

Colonists Reaction:
George Washington led the Continental Army to move to Boston. Colonists had heavy weapons (canons).

British Reaction:

King George the Third rejected the Olive Branch Petition. After the Battle of Bunker Hill, the British fled Boston.