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Liberals and Nationalists began to create revolutions. Within these revolutions, Belgium became independent and Poland and Italy unsuccessfully attempted to become independent.

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Arose when people began to identify themselves as part of a community defined by language, traditions, and customs. Nationalism became a threat to the existing political order.

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States that people should be as free as possible  from government restraint. Liberals believed that these freedoms should be guaranteed by a written document- the Bill of  Rights.

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Conservatism is based on traditional beliefs in social stability. The European rulers wanted to return to a conservative society.

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Vienna wanted to balance political and military forces so the balance of power was maintained.

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Great Powers had the right to send armies into countries where revolutions were in order to return legitimate monarchs to their thrones.

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The congress of Vienna was made up of Great Britain, Austria, Prussia, and Russia. They chose to meet in Vienna in September of 1814. The most influential leader was Prince Klemens von Metternich. The goal of the Congress of Vienna was to return to old order and keep a balance of power among nations. There were three outcomes of the Congress of Vienna...

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European Rulers wanted to return to old order after the  turmoil of the French Revolution and the defeat of Napoleon. The victors included in the Congress of Vienna met to arrange a final peace settlement.