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Media, usually biased media, geared toward influencing people's views and ideals.

British against Germans in WWI and WWII with posters describing Germans as threats to their livelihood and country.

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Lack of attention, interest, or enthusiasm on a certain subject.

Many young people are apathetic to politics. They are not aware of anything happening around them.

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A lobbyist is someone hired by a business or cause to persuade legislators to support that business or cause.

Josh Ackil, Haley Barbour

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A group of people or an organization seeking or receiving special advantages, typically through political lobbying.

NRA

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An official currently holding office

Kirsten Gillibrand

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Body of people representing the states of the US who formally cast votes for the election of the president and vice president

538 electors, 271 choose one candidate.

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Convention of a major political party.

DNC, RNC

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Choosing the candidate for the party's nomination

For Republicans: Trump, Cruz, Rubio, Bush, Fiorina or Carson?

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Voters can remove an elected official from office through a direct vote before that official's term has ended.

Colorado, 2013, after two democratic members of the Colorado senate supported gun control legislation

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Voter chooses candidates from different political parties when multiple officers are being decided by a single election.

Someone votes for a Democrat as their senator, but a republican as their representative.

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Voting "down the ticket" for one particular party.

Someone votes for only democrats

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Where multiple parties run across a nation and have a chance to in the election, separately or in coalition.

Israel

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Where two major political parties control the government

USA

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Country ruled by a single political party

North Korea

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Declared policy of a political party/group

The democratic platform supports numerous planks, such as universal health care and debt-free college.

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Fundamental point of a political or other program

Democrats believe in universal health care

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Holding to traditional attitudes and values, cautious to change or innovation.

Republicans

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Open to new behavior or opinions and willing to disregard traditional values.
Democrats

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A group of voters organized to support certain public policies.

Democrats, Republicans

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With the greater amount of the total

Hillary Clinton and Al Gore won by majority, but didn't become presidents.

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A large number of people or things

The US should vote on the plurality of the people, not the electoral college.

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Acceptance of those differing from oneself.

There was little tolerance for Blacks in the US during the 1800s.

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In terms of politics, having a variety of socioeconomic and racial backgrounds.

There are six Caucasians, four Hispanics, and three Blacks in a room.

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A civil wrongdoing or wrongful act, intentional or accidental.

A man rear ends someone and gives them whiplash. He is sued for this tort under Reckless Endangerment and Negligence.

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Law derived from judicial precedent.

Negligence, Defamation, False Arrest, etc.

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Law created and written down by a legislative body.

Tax laws, traffic regulations, company formation regulations, etc.

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A legal case that establishes a principle or rule. This rule is later used when deciding later cases with similar issues/facts.

Brown v. Board of Education was a precedent for future laws regarding segregation and desegregation.

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Given authority to hear cases of certain kind. Control over something.

The Supreme Court has original jurisdiction over cases that involve ambassadors, public ministers, and consuls as well as cases involving states.

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Concerned with those who commit crimes.

Johnny Igre is not allowed to rob a bank because it is illegal.

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Body of law which defines the role, powers, and structure of different entities of government, the basic rights of citizens, and the relationship between the federal and state level governments.

Presidential Powers

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Law that is concerned with private relations between members of a community rather than criminal, military, or religious affairs.

Breach of Contract

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Law that regulates the operation and processes of government bodies.

The Supreme Court must have its justices nominated by the president, then approved by senate.

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The number of prisoners who return to jail after already being convicted.

Ms. Neal is convicted of tax fraud.
Ms. Neal serves her time and is released from federal prison, but is then convicted of theft.

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Rules of procedural law that consists of both hearing and determining cases in criminal, civil, or administrative cases by constitutional courts.

Case is heard and eventually ruled on.

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The power of a court to hear appeals from lower courts.

The supreme court hears a case from a lower federal court.

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Courts power to hear and decide a case before appellate review.

State of New jersey v. State of New York

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The action of denying a bill from passing.

President Obama vetoed the Keystone XL Pipeline Approval Act

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Permanent Committees that are privy to different subject areas. There are 16 currently.

Health, Education, Labor, and Pensions.

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An group of people who try to influence public policy in their favor.

ACLU, NAACP, BBB, ACU, NOW

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A pocket veto allows the president to hold a bill until the end of congress's session, rendering it unsigned and "indirectly" vetoed.

President Trump doesn't agree with a tax raise on his bracket, he holds the bill until congress is out of session because he doesn't want scrutiny for vetoing the appropriation.

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A lobbyist is someone paid to persuade congress's opinions in favor of the lobbyists employer.

Oil company sends hired lobbyist to persuade a Texas representative to push for more oil drilling.

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A citizen in which a congressperson represents

Senator Gillibrand (NY-D) represents Mayor Bill de Basilio, as de Blasio is a resident of New York.

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A group of house and senate members who discuss the differences in opinion found on a bill.

HoR believes Single Payer Healthcare Bill should be paid for by top 10% of earners. Senate believes it would be more suitable for just the top 2% and then have it evenly distributed. HoR and Senate committees join to compromise or redo.

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My Definition: A procedure in which a congressperson delays the vote on a topic.
Sen. Cruz talking about his children's bedtime stories.

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My Definition: A procedure to end a discussion and vote on the matter.
Sen. McConnell votes for cloture in Justice Kavanaugh Hearings

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My Definition: The review of the constitutional validity of a legislative act.

Ex. Roe v. Wade decided the constitutionality of laws that criminalized or restricted access to abortions.

Ex. Lawrence v. Texas invalidated all remaining sodomy laws in the US.

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My Definition: Powers shared by the federal and state government.

Ex. Regulating Elections

Ex. Taxing

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My Definition: The reservation of all unmentioned powers or limits to the states.

Ex. The states can't make treaties or alliances with foreign countries.

Ex. Education of inhabitants

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My Definition: Powers authorized by the constitution that seem implied by other powers while not explicitly stated.

Ex. The Federal Reserve (Implied by the power to collect and use taxes)

Ex. The president's ability to dismiss cabinet members

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My definition: The governmental powers and limits stated clearly in the constitution.

Ex. The power to tax and spend money for the defense and general welfare of the US

The power to regulate commerce with other nations and between the states.

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My Definition: Everyone is held accountable under the law. Laws lead the nation instead of individuals.

Ex. Paul Manafort pleaded guilty, even though he was the president's campaign chairman.

George Papadopoulos was convicted, although he was part of the foreign advisory council for president trump.

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My Definition: The separation of powers between the federal and state governments.

Ex. Federal government can mint money, but can't tell states how to spend their own budget.

Federal government can take taxes for state education, but cannot dictate the state curricula.

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My Definition: This principle is the idea that any one of the executive, judicial, or legislative branches have the power to check the remaining two branches.

Ex. Judge Appointed by President (executive), and confirmed by congress (legislative).

Congress (legislative) passes a law, courts (judicial) decide the legality of the law.

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My Definition: Separating the judicial, legislative, and executive branches of a government.

Ex. Legislative, Executive, and Judicial Branch.

Judge appointed by President, confirmed by Senate.

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My Definition: Government is created and sustained by its people.

Ex:
9th Amendment
10th Amendment

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My Definition: A revolution led by Daniel Shays. This uprising was caused by outrage due to the massive war debts that the US took on after the Revolutionary War. The rebellion highlighted the vulnerability of having a weak central government. This was one factor that led to the adoption of the US Constitution.

Why it's important: The Shays Rebellion was a major factor in the creation and adoption of the US Constitution because it put an emphasis on the fragility of a weak central government.

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My Definition: This was a compromise between large and small states that was reached in New Hampshire which established our bicameral legislature.

Why it's important: This compromise created a system which allows equal voting in all states big or small. The House of Representatives' size depends on the population of the states, and the Senate remains the same with two senators per state.

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My Definition: A convention where Federalists gathered to address the problems of a weak central government. Instead of fixing the then government, convention attendees created a new system of government, the US Constitution.

Why it's important: The Constitutional Convention is where the US Constitution was created.

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My Definition: The party that supported stronger state governments.

Why it's important: The Anti-Federalists were one of the main reasons the US Constitution adopted the bill of rights. The Anti-Federalists also ensured that state rights would not be too overshadowed by the Federal (central) government.

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My Definition: The party that supported a stronger federal (central) government.

Why it's important: Federalists were the party to push for the US Constitution and a stronger, more perfect union. Federalists pushed for many federal programs, like the Bank of the United States, or transnational infrastructure improvements that shaped the future.

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My Definition: The Federalist papers is a collection of 85 articles and essays promoting the ratification of the US constitution.

Why it's important: The Federalist papers helped ratify the US constitution, which we live under today.

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My Definition: The Bill of Rights is the first ten amendments to the US constitution. It focuses on protecting natural rights and preventing an over intrusive government.

Why it's important: The Bill of Rights was a deciding factor as to if the US constitution would be passed. The Bill of Rights also protects many of the freedoms we have today.

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My Definition: John Locke was an enlightenment thinker and philosopher during the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries.

Why he's important: John Locke is known as the father of Liberalism and is responsible for the idea of natural rights and equality which our government is based on today.

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My Definition: The agreement between a government and its citizens that establishes the legitimacy of the government's rule over its citizen.

Why it's important: A government's power and limits are discerned through the creation of a social contract.

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My Definition: Montesquieu was an enlightenment thinker and philosopher who lived during the fifteenth and sixteenth century known for his ideas of the separation of powers.

Why he's important: Montesquieu is known for his ideas on the separation of powers which is still in use today. This is seen with the executive, legislative, and judicial branches of our current government.

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My Definition: The rights a person is supposedly born with.

Why it's important: Natural Rights are inalienable, thus a government cannot take these rights. The Declaration of Independence is created with a focus on the natural rights.

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My  Definition: When a portion of somebody's income is taken although they cannot elect the representatives that set their taxes or the laws they live under.

Why it's important: Taxation without representation is a major cause of the American Revolution.

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My Definition: A pamphlet created by Thomas Paine that called for the immediate and necessary end of British Rule and the created of a democratic republic over the original 13 colonies.

Why it's important: The pamphlet was a best-selling book that persuaded many influential Americans who were weary of getting rid of British rule to do exactly that.

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My Definition: Not enforcing strict policies and rules imposed on a colony but still recognizing the policies and rules.

Why it's important: Salutary Neglect led to colonists being outraged (revolutionary!) when the policy was discontinued.

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My Definition: The first constitution of the United States of America, which loosely held together the original 13 states. it was later replaced by the US Constitution.

Why it's important: It helped the original 13 states and future states to come realize that the states needed to work together in order to be a successful nation. Many principles were carried over to the current US constitution.