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A science framwork for K-12 education!

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Engaging in practices of science helps students understand how knowledge develops! IT helps them have an appreciation of lots of different approaches! Engaging in these practices also helps stduents understand engineering and the links with science. Science and engineering peaks students interest.

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1. Students in grades K-12 should engage in all eight practices over each grade!
2. Practices grow in complexity across the grades.
3. Each practice may reflect science or engineering.
4. Practices represent what students are expected to do, and are not teaching methods or curriculum.
5. The eight practices are nto separate; they intentionally overlap and interconnect.
6. Performance expectations focus on some but not all capabilities associated with a practice.
7. Engagement in practices is language intensive and requires students to participate in classroom science discourse.

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Asking questions and defining problems!
Students should be able to ask questions of each other about text they read! Questions arise in a variety of ways. They can be driven by curiousity. Asking qeustions and defining problems involves asking about data, claims, and proposed designs. The ability to ask questions and clearly define problems is essential for anyone!

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Developing and using models!
Models include diagrams, physical models, mathematical representations, analogies, and computer simulations. Models don't correspond exactly to real things but it brings into focus the important features. Models can be adjusted and modified. Models can also be used to analyze a system or visualize and refine a design.

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Planning and carrying out investigations!
Students should have opportunities for lots of investigations! This should involve describing a phenonmenon, testing a thoery or testing a model. Engineering investigations may involved improving the function of a system or comparing solutions to see which works the best. Over time students should become more systematic.

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Analyzing and Interpreting Data!
Data must be presented so that patterns and relationships can be recognized. Analysis can bring out the meaning of the data and it's relevance, which is good evidence! Engineers and scientists make decisions based on evidence. As a student they should be able to use different tools for graphing, visuals, and stats. They should also be improving on interpreting data as well! It's important for students to present data as evidence to support their conclusions.

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Using mathematics and computational thinking!
Math brings science and engineering together. Computers and digital tools are good for enhancing math. Students can use tools for observing, measuring, recording, and processing data. MAth is a tool that is key to understanding science.

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Constructing explanations and designing solutions!
Science= explaining causes of phenomena. Students should be able to come up with their own explanations and construct theories. Their explanations should always include a claim that explains how one variable relates to another. The goal of engineering is to solve problems by generating, testing, and imporving solutions!

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Engaging in Argument from Evidence!
Science and engineering should produce argument necessary for advancing new ideas! They should be able to argue for the explanations they come up with, and defend their data. Argument in science goes beyong reaching agreements, it involves listening, comparing, and evaluating!

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Obtaining, evaluating, and communicating information!
Students need to be able to read and produce specific text. Every science and engineering lessons is also a language lesson!

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Students have to be able to reflect no how these practices have helped with their development and knowledge! Reflection is seeential if students are going to become aware of themselves as competent doers!