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1. I choose Humanistic school of thought. In this school of thought I discovered about Abraham Maslow's Model is the Hierarchy of needs.

2. First Pedagogy method that i would like to use is Circles of Knowledge or Circles of Learning. This method is a group work of 4 - 6 pupils. This method will encourage students to work on team. Enjoy learning since they connected to each other closer.

Besides that, Jigsaw is another method. Teacher will teach part by part and student have to teach each other. This method can be done individually or group of 3-4 pupils.

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Cognitive School of Thought
Cognition refers to mental activity including thinking, remembering, learning and using language. When we apply a cognitive approach to learning and teaching, we focus on the understanding of information and concepts. If we are able to understand the connections between concepts, break down information and rebuild with logical connections, then our retention of material and understanding will increase.

- Determination of necessary approaches
Teacher selects

learning approaches that complement the learner characteristics while

ensuring success with the content. A teacher who teaches cognitive

strategies well will connect learner and task.

- Routines and instructional supports

Once the best strategy or strategies have been selected, the teacher

begins the work of teaching the strategy to the student(s). Explicit

(precise ) instruction is used to impart the components or steps of the strategy. Often the strategy will include actions or routines that are

repeated each time the strategy is implemented. Additional instructional

supports such as guided practice, independent practice, verbal practice and written or oral tests may also be used.

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the model for cognitive school of taught that i found is Atkinson–Shiffrin memory model.
the Atkinson-Shiffrin model explain of how memory works. it involves three part or component, sensory memory, short-term memory and long-term memory.

the teaching method that is the best for the Atkinson-Shiffrin memory model is by rehearsal or repeating.
For auditory information rehearsal can be taken in a literal sense: continually repeating the items. However, the term can be applied for any information that is attended to, such as when a visual image is intentionally held in mind. Finally, information in the short-term store does not have to be of the same modality as its sensory input. For example written text which enters visually can be held as auditory information, and likewise auditory input can be visualized. On this model, rehearsal of information allows for it to be stored more permanently in the long-term store. Atkinson and Shiffrin discussed this at length for auditory and visual information but did not give much attention to the rehearsal/storage of other modalities due to the experimental difficulties of studying those modalities.

in other word, by repeating again what have been taught will help the student to remember the information better. the information receive will go into the short-term memory but by rehearsal or repeating it will go into the long-term memory

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The cognitive model, by Jean Piaget
Pedagogy methods :

Expository learning, hereby the teacher directs the student learning activities and prepare them for the classroom. This means that the teacher engages the student activities.Scaffolding,  when learners need help the teachers should provide with full motivational and support. Wise teachers should provide better directions as well as better explanations or use additional learning resources. For examples, by using slides.

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The model that I had researched will be Montessori Method which falls under humanistic school of thought. It has been implemented by Maria Montessori. She has pioneered a new global system that impacted early child learning worldwide. A primary goal of Montessori philosophy is "Help it to do it by myself".  Every children will learn by doing and build a sense of learning and accomplishment into their everyday tasks and activities. Material and classroom environment plays an important role in learning. Although the class size tend to be large, it will be quiet and calm. Usually, mixed age group combining up to 3 grade level. The Montessori Method are divided into a few categories such as creating a sense of order, fine motor development, pre-literacy, math, sensorial, and practical life activities.

Creating a sense of order:
-Matching the colors, cars, animals, landmarks, socks.
-Sorting shades of colors, cereals, shape blocks, silverware, solid figures.
-Sequencing knobbed cylinders, events from books, basic skills puzzle cards.

Fine motor development:
-Lacing shoes, animal frames, jumbo beads, paper weaving.
-Pouring water and juice.
-Spooning and transferring stones, erasers, coins and beans.
-Cutting real foods and wooden foods.

Pre-literacy:
-Letter matching, alphabets bean bags, writing.

Mathemathics:
-Spindle box, sandpapers numbers, numbers and counting dots.

Sensorial:
-Feely bag, sound cylinders, mixing colors, bath tub jello, sensory tub.

Practical life:
-Self care like dressing baskets, bushing hair and teeth, putting on shoes, zipping, snapping and buttoning and washing hands.
-Household chores like cleaning windows, washing dishes, sorting laundry, setting the table, arranging the flower and laying out mat.

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The modal i chose is Watson's Theory.

The teaching methods is a person's environment effect their behavior. Example that i could relate is in negative and positive environment.As a student in college we are to take our own design to pick the right friends. Good friends that motivate and encourages to do beneficial task in life. However bad friends are friends who takes advantage of our abilities to use for negative matter.
Methods of the theory :
A relational care of self and others based on moral and ethical.Reflection approach creating consciousness and preference to humanism of self and others.And also multiple ways of knowing through science and cultural.

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The model that I choose is the B.F. Skinner theory. The pedagogy method that is used by B.F. Skinner is the theory of operant conditioning. Operant conditioning is the idea that behavior is determined by its consequences such as reinforcements or punishments. Reinforcements, such as reward system or behavioral consequences, can be used to accelerate or decelerate certain behaviors in students. Students can be rewarded for displaying the correct behavior. In order to receive a reward, students may have to satisfy certain criteria, such as bringing in homework on time, arriving punctually or contributing in a positive way to learn lessons. For an example, if the teacher wanted to encourage the students to answer in class,  they should praise them whenever the students answer the question correctly.

The pedagogy methods support punishment and reinforcement is based on action-feedback model. The learner is expected to interpret feedback like any other valenced stimulus. Action-feedback model expect learners to treat responses communicatively or as commentary about an action. Rewards signal to the learner that the action just performed was correct given the circumstances, whereas punishments signal that the action was wrong or incorrect. Teachers who teach according to a reward-maximizing model expect learners to treat positive feedback as desirable rewards to be maximized and negative feedback as undesirable punishments to be minimized. In contrast, those who teach based on an action-feedback model expect learners to treat positive and negative stimuli as signals for correct or incorrect behavior.

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Pedagogy method:
1. differentiated instruction. It uses activities including various learning styles and teach to both cognitive(mental) and affective(sensory) domains. Teachers may need to deliver lessons at varying levels of difficulty based on the ability of each student. For example when teaching literature, teachers can teach students to identify the author’s position and provide evidence to support this viewpoint

2. interdisciplinary learning. It emphasises on connections across learning and the relevant experiences and outcomes. For example, revising a concept or skill from different perspectives deepens understanding on a topic.

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The model I choose from the humanistic school of thought is Abraham Maslow who desire to achieve self-actualization and full potential. Self-awareness is the cure of humanity. Besides, people are unique and also follow own paths and take risks.
Abraham Maslow which is the quest to be all you can be. The theory focuses on individual growth and improvement. Besides, distinctly people centered and also emphasizes the individual view of the world. It contributes an understanding of the self to personality theory and contends that self-concept is most important part of an individual’s personality.
In another hand, Abraham Maslow’s theory related to humanistic because it is more to creative and open to new experiences. Committed to a cause or a higher goal. Besides, trusting and caring of others, yet not dependent. Have the courage to act on their conviction.

Pedagogy method

1. Assessment for learning Checking learning and generating feedback are essential ingredients of all effective learning activities. Using a variety of assessment methods ensures that all learners are able to reflect on their learning and review areas for development. This enables you to identify learners’ needs relating to anything from a disability to cultural history. Developing effective questioning techniques enables you to explore aspects of equality and diversity more deeply. Reflection, as part of learning conversations, enables exploration of challenges and ways to resolve issues.

2. Co-operative learning
Co-operative learning helps learners to work as part of a team, whilst at the same time ensuring that everybody’s contribution is valued. This approach to learning can help break down barriers between learners by introducing the concept of individual and group accountability. It also develops skills required for learners to work as a group.

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.The model/framework that I have found is the cognitive school of thought.The theory that I have picked is Albert Bandura 's theory. This theory is divided into classical conditioning and operant conditioning. Classical conditioning is  a learning process that occurs when two stimulus are repeatedly  paired where else the operant conditioning is type of learning where behavior is controlled by consequence.  This theory deepen the understanding of the students to analyse and apply something that they watched and imitate in their studies .For example, teachers can have a popcorn reading .Pop corn reading is a method where students are asked to take turn to read out loud while others follow  along silently .How this method related to classical conditioning is when students are stick to this method they will keep concentrate in the class and they will give their feedback to the teachers  and keep concentrate in classrooms.

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The model that I chose is the Pavlov Theory. The pedagogy method that is used by Pavlov is the 'classical conditioning'.
Classical conditioning is meant by learning that occurs when already have contiguity. Primary or original stimulus and a response, then we pair secondary stimulus with the original stimulus long enough when it begins to evoke the original response even when the original response is absent .
The approach is also based on the view that there is one right way, one truth that the student needs to learn, and that and that knowledge is the same for all learners.
One of the main way to use the behavioral approach to learning in training and teaching is to specify clear behavioral objectives at the start and then supply learning opportunities that ensure that the objectives are met.

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Maslow has been considered of Father of Humanistic Psychology because of his ideas on the human being doing. Human potential is the most important thing in this Humanistic theory. The humanistic is relate to the human motivation in teaching. Maslow believe that from hierarchy of need of people, when the people can fulfil their need and its will improve their motivation and teaching in life. People must fulfil their basic need first before go to the next level of hierarchy of needs.The person must complete their basic needs first before jump to another step of needs. Maslow believe that the person cannot simply achieve the self actualization without getting the basic and psychologinal needs in their life. That the teaching method of humanistic school of thought that maslow show.

Pedagogy method

1. Co-operative learning
-from this method , student more independent and dependent on teacher will more decreases. student will compete each other and work hard to achieve individual goals. That is the self-actualization of need on Maslow hierarchy that can motivate the student.

2. Open classroom
- this more on student- centred that student lack on competition . Students tend to have better self-concepts and are more creative and co- operative. on this situation, the humanistic from teachers make student have their own style learning. this can make student more freedom in classroom. this can make student more independent and improve their skills.

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The model that I've chooses is cognitive behavioral approach which is the teaching and learning style will be more to the study of mental process such as attention, language, use of memory, perception, problem solving, creativity and thinking. it is also involved the emotions and the behavioral response by the students.
http://study.com/academy/lesson/what-are-cognitive-skills-in-children-development-definition-training.htm

The cognitive behavioral thoughts is basically where the students action and behavioral will depend on their thoughts.

The pedagogy method for this approach are :

Quantitative Reasoning describes how an instructor can intentionally incorporate quantitative reasoning goals and objectives into their classes. It contains examples of strategies for designing and assessing student work. The teacher should always be well planned about the study plan, because this will lead the students to make noise when they dun plan anything.

Engaged pedagogy refers to using teaching approaches that encourage student-student interactions. Often, the instructor takes on the role of facilitator as opposed to lecturer in these approaches. Typically, student learning is higher using these methods and students use more high-order thinking skills while learning material in depth. For example, when students interact among each other they will be able to get many ideas. This method will also help students to improve their knowledge in weak subjects.

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The modal that I have chosen is Maslow’s hierarchy of needs by Abraham Maslow. It is one of the humanistic schools of thoughts.
The teaching methods for the Maslow’s Hierarchy Needs are :

·  Case- based learning. Studying a singular instance or event that has a message to tell regarding course content. The most motivating cases involve real people with real problems to solve. From this students use to strengthen critical thinking skills such as applying knowledge, analyzing problems and developing solutions. This will help students apply their critical thinking skills in their daily life and they will be able to solve problems by thinking wisely.

· Collaborative learning. Students will work in a small group and able to communicate more with their partner or the other members about completing the tasks that given to them. This learning method involves a fair division of labor and relevant complex project that cannot be completed by an individual. Interdependence required. This method will be able to help students to get more ideas. Moreover, students can also improve our knowledge in the subjects they are weak.

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Pedagogy method.

Problem solving
-Giving a maths equation to be simplified in step by step way. Then the week after give the students the exact same question as a test in class. This will actually give the students to understand the step probably and as cognitive skill the students will be able to answer the question without thinking twice.

Reciprocal teaching
-In a literature class, it will be easier for students to understand the novel or story book that they are learning through acting out in class in front of their friends so they can actually understand the story line and the expression the character is showing. It will give the students confidence to talk and act in front of the class.

One model for teaching.

Piaget (1936) was the first psychologist to make a systematic study of cognitive development. His contributions include a theory of child cognitive development, detailed observational studies of cognition in children, and a series of simple but ingenious tests to reveal different cognitive ability.

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One modal that i choose from framework of teaching is Carl Rogers's theory from humanistic school of thoughts. He is generally thought to be the founder of modern humanistic learning theory. He emphasized the importance of the self-actualizing tendency in shaping human personalities in their internal and external worlds. He believed that everyone exists in constantly changing world of experience that they are at center of.

There are two Pedagogy approach method in humanistic approach. Firstly, an open classroom  is a student -centered classroom design format. Students are typically divided into different groups for each subject according to their skill level for that subject. The students then work in small groups to achieve their assigned goal.

Besides that, another pedagogy approach method in humanistic approach are Co-operative learning. Student are often in competition with each other or have to work individually towards achieving their personal goals. Co-operative learning emphasizing students to active and engage with different students so that learning process can be easier. Face to face interaction as a essential part of this learning strategy. Students can works towards a common goals and share materials with each and other.

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One of the model from humanistic school of thought is the Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs by Abraham Maslow. The theory explains that one should fulfill their basic needs before moving on to the other levels of the hierarchy
One of the pedagogy approach from humanistic school of thought is cooperative learning where it promotes social interaction. Cooperative learning does emphasizes participation and active engagement. Other than that, open classroom is also one of the pedagogy approach where students can share their ideas. With open classroom, students tend to have better self-concepts and are more creative and cooperative when sharing their ideas. It is more to student-centered

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People learn through observing others’ behavior, attitudes and outcomes of those behaviors. Most human behavior is learned through observationally through modelling from observing others, ones forms an idea of how new behaviors are performed and on later occasions this coded information serves as a guide for action.

Pedagogy Approach in Cognitive School of thought
-Authentic learning is an instructional approach that allows students to explore, discuss and meaningfully construct concepts and relationships that involve real-world problems. The second pedagogy approach problem solving that requires a situation exists in which a goal is to be achieved and learners are asked to consider how they would attain the goal.

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BJ Fogg’s behavioural model states that there's 3 elements(motivation, ability, trigger) for a behaviour to occur. When a behaviour does not occur, at least one of these three elements is missing. FBM shows that motivation and ability can be traded off (e.g., if motivation is very high, ability an be low).

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The Humanistic School of Thought Model for Teaching and The Pedagogy Methods.

One of the model for teaching in Humanistic School of Thought is the Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs model. This model was proposed by Abraham Maslow. Maslow was interested in healthy human psychology. Maslow’s theory also stated that individual needs are universal. Unfilled needs make them more focus and become a strong motivator to achieve them. Maslow’s theory also believed that the lowest level of needs must be met before the individual strongly desire the higher level needs.

Pedagogy methods:

1.Project method encourages learners to pursue their own learning interests. Project method is one of the modern method of teaching in which, the students point of view is given importance in designing the curricula and content of studies.
2.Cooperative learning promotes social and emotional growth in the classroom where learners share, accept and respect each other. For example, making a group discussion with peers encourage learners to respect others opinion and able to cooperate with them as well.

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The model of that I've chose from behaviourism school of taught was Edward Thorndike's theory of behaviourism.

This theory refers to a concept where if any behaviour that is followed by pleasant consequences is likely to be repeated, and any behaviour followed by unpleasant consequences is likely to be stopped.  Edward Thorndike had a powerful impact on reinforcement theory and behaviour analysis, providing the basic framework for empirical laws in behaviour psychology with his "Law of Effect".

PEDAGOGY METHOD.

1.  Giving rewards to students as an encouragement will lead them to follow the way because it is giving a pleasant outcome which makes them happy. According to this theory, student tend to follow the things which only could give them a pleasant outcome.

2. Giving them plenty of practices will help them to score well. "practice makes perfect". Law of exercise says that the more you do something, the better you are at it. The more a teacher can have his or her students practice skills, the more proficient a student will be at that skill.

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The model that I chose is B.F.Skinner theory of behaviourism.
The theory of B.F. Skinner is based on the idea that learning is a function of change in overt behavior. Changes in behavior are the result of an individual's response to events (stimuli) that occur in the environment. B.F. Skinner's system is based on operant conditioning. For an example, giving students a gold star for completing work on time. This is known as reward system. Whereby, if a teacher does not allow a student to go out on the playground when he/she has not completed his/her work as scheduled. This is shows punishment system.
Another one is positive reinforcement. Positive reinforcement strengthens a behavior by providing a consequence an individual finds rewarding. For example, if your teacher gives students 10 chocolates each time a student complete his/her homework. Children will be more likely to repeat this behavior in the future, thus strengthening the behavior of completing your homework. Secondly, the removal of an unpleasant reinforcer can also strengthen behavior. Negative reinforcement strengthens behavior because it stops or removes an unpleasant experience. For an example, if a student do not complete his/her homework, students have to pay their teacher fine. Students will complete the  homework to avoid paying fine, thus strengthening the behavior of completing your homework.

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The framework that i considered is pavlov's theory.its a classical conditioning  (also known as responding conditioning) is a learning process in which an innate response to a potent stimulus comes to be elicited in response to a previously neutral stimulusthis is achieved by repeated pairings of the neutral stimulus with the potent stimulus. The basic facts about classical conditioning were discovered by Ivan pavlov through his famous experiments with dogs. Classical conditioning is now the best understood of the basic learning processes, and its neural substrates are beginning to be understood.The teaching methods is explained that the idea of conditioning was to teach the subject to associate an unconditioned stimulus, which causes a particular reflex, with a conditioned stimulus, which will cause the same reflex.

Pedagogy methods:

1)Many teachers make their children aware of what is expected of them from the beginning of the year so that there is a clear indication of what good behaviour is; actions that break these expectations are often considered to be bad behaviour. In order to encourage good behaviour, teachers will provide rewards for the children, these may include stickers, games the children like and other nice things.

2) The approach is also based on the view that there is one right way, one truth that the student needs to learn, and that knowledge is the same for all learners.  For this reason it emphasises teacher or trainer control; the trainer employs external reinforcement to motivate and encourage trainees to reach the stated objectives.