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X-rays are a electromagnetic ray between Ultraviolet and Gamma rays. They are well known for their ability to pass though some objects and reflecting off of others, this can create images. They usually have wavelengths between 0.03 and 3 nanometers and frequencies between 3x10^16-3x10^19.

The most common usage is in medicine where they are used to create images inside the body. The rays are absorbed by the denser bones and travel through everything else to create a image of the bones. They can also be used as a tool for therapy with cancerous cells.

Pros: They become very usefull when trying to find objects within a human or find other injurys
Cons: They produce a radiation that can harm healthy cells and turn them cancerous

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What it is
- type of electromagnetic radiation that lies between the visible end of the light spectrum, and the microwave spectrum

Whats it is used for
- a wireless mobile technology used for device communication over short ranges

How it works
- The average wavelength of an infrared wave is between 780 nm and 1 mm, which corresponds in frequency range from 300 GHz to 400 GHz
- The wavelength ranges from 710 nm to 1 mm and the frequency range is from 430 THz to 300 GHz
- it is often used in remote controls, sun beds and more

Pros
- Reduced Energy Consumption
- Pain relief pain relief
- Transmission requires minimum power to operate
- Can be set up at a low cost

Cons
- Limited range (best in shorter range)
- Can be blocked by common objects
- Speed of data transfer in infrared being slow
- Can leave thermal burns (damaging to the eye)

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The wavelength of visible light is 3.8e-7 to 7e-7 meters.
Applications of visible light is photography and electronic devices. For photography the camera sensor collects visible light and converts it into an electrical signal. The camera organizes the information and render images and video streams. For electronic devices the device with a viewable screen creates and emits visible light, which your eyes perceives as a picture.
The pros of visible light is that it's the only light that is visible to the human eye that we can detect. A con to visible light is if there's too much exposure it could cause blindness or eye damage

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Ultraviolet waves are a type of electromagnetic radiation that falls in the em spectrum between X-rays and visible light. They have a wavelength of between 100 - 400 nm.

UV waves have a higher frequency and shorter wavelength than visible light, it has a frequency of about 800 terahertz (THz or 1012 hertz) and 30,000 THz.

Ultraviolet waves can have both natural sources as well as artificial sources, for example, the sun is a natural source that emits UV, while tanning beds, UV lamps and UV lasers emit artificial Uv waves

Uses: killing bacteria, creating fluorescent effects, curing inks and resins, phototherapy and suntanning

pros: No chemicals are needed
Kills microorganisms that can't be reached otherwise

cons: Excessive exposure can damage the skin barrier, the eyes and can cause various skin cancers or burns.

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Characteristics:
Radio waves have a wavelength of about two or three meters. Their frequency ranges from 3 kilohertz up to 300 gigahertz. They are sourced from a transmitter using an antenna then detected by a receiver.
Applications:
Radio waves are used in television and radio broadcasts as well as for mobile phones.
Pros:
- travels at the speed of light
- transmitted easily and across far distances
- don't cause damage if absorbed by the human body
- can be reflected and refracted to change their direction
- ideal for communication
Cons:
- have a low frequency so they cant send a lot of data at a time
- only transmit audio media not visuals

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Microwaves are at the higher frequency end of the radio spectrum, but are put in a separate category to them due to the differences in the technologies used to access them. Their wavelength varies from 3-30cm (and their frequency ranges from 300MHz-300GHz.

There are many sub-bands (groups of different wavelengths) of microwaves that can provide different kinds of information, as microwaves have many uses.

One very common usage of microwaves is communications. Microwaves are often used to convey various types of information in analog and digital formats, including voice, data, video. They are also used for supervisory control and data acquisition for remote machinery, switches, valves and signals. Communication satellites mostly use C- X- and Ku- microwave bands to send signals to stations.

Another use for microwaves is radar. Short-wavelength radio waves could be bounced off of distant objects and the returning wavelength could be detected with directional antennas to determine the presence and locations of those objects.

Microwaves can also be used as heat sources (ie. transmit thermal energy). The microwave ovens transmit thermal energy through the microwave (the appliance) and in turn, the waves pass through the food.

Pros: high frequency = less power required
can carry lots of information
Highly reliable

Increased Bandwidth

Minimum Cross talk

High Directivity for a given antenna size

con: can't put out much power
need constant line of sight to transmitter
Difficult to analyse and design

2. Difficult to implement circuit components

3. Transmission time is high