# data[].attributes.headline
Salma Hayek prefiere maldición en espanol

# data[].attributes.subject
Salma Hayek prefiere maldición en espanol

# data[].attributes.body
Alguien que habla muchos idiomas entiende el poder de cada palabra en estos idiomas. La superestrella mundial, Salma Hayek, fue a un programa de entrevistas americano para explicar que ella siente que el maldiciendo español tiene más efecto y poder que el maldecir inglés. En inglés, todavía se siente demasiado cortés comparándolo con el español. Y curiosamente, los hispanohablantes usan palabras de maldición en español para complementar a otros también. Es definitivamente interesante ver cómo un bilingüe americano interpreta los usos de cada idioma.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.entities[].name
Gal Gadot Asks Jimmy Kimmel About Her Breasts

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.entities[].name
Diego Luna Teaches Conan Survival Spanish

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.entities[].name
Antonio Banderas Gave Salma Hayek Two Monkeys

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
Salma explains why Spanish is her favorite language to curse in. SUBSCRIBE to get the latest #KIMMEL: http://bit.ly/JKLSubscribe Watch the latest Halloween Candy Prank: http://bit.ly/KimmelHalloweenCandy Watch Mean Tweets: http://bit.ly/JKLMeanTweets8 Connect with Jimmy Kimmel Live Online: Visit the Jimmy Kimmel Live WEBSITE: http://bit.ly/JKLWebsite Like Jimmy Kimmel Live on FACEBOOK: http://bit.ly/JKLFacebook Follow Jimmy Kimmel Live on TWITTER: http://bit.ly/JKLTwitter Follow Jimmy Kimmel Live on INSTAGRAM: http://bit.ly/JKLInstagram About Jimmy Kimmel Live: Jimmy Kimmel serves as host and executive producer of Emmy-winning "Jimmy Kimmel Live," ABC's late-night talk show.

# data[].attributes.body
Esto es interesante porque el video dice que está en Spanglish, pero la única parte realmente española es la cantante diciendo "Hello" y la dejó originalmente como Adele cantó. El resto de la canción fue yendo y viniendo entre inglés y español. Ella dice "Hola" en el medio de la canción, pero para el coro principal, ella dice Hola. Fue interesante ver las dos lenguas mezcladas y todavía ser tan bellamente cantado como si fluya.

# data[].attributes.headline
Estados Unidos tiene más hablantes de español que España

# data[].attributes.subject
Estados Unidos tiene más hablantes de español que España

# data[].attributes.body
EE.UU. tiene 41 millones de hablantes nativos, que sorprende a los hispanohablantes en España. Actualmente, New México, California, Texas y Arizona tienen las concentraciones más altas. Es el segundo país más grande de habla hispana justo después de México. La Oficina Del Censo de Estados Unidos calcula que los Estados Unidos tendrán 138 millones de hablantes de español para el 2050. El español está prosperando en los estados unidos.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.readable_text
The United States is now the world's second largest Spanish-speaking country after Mexico, according to a new study published by the prestigious Instituto Cervantes.

The report says there are 41 million native Spanish speakers in the US plus a further 11.6 million who are bilingual, mainly the children of Spanish-speaking immigrants. This puts the US ahead of Colombia (48 million) and Spain (46 million) and second only to Mexico (121 million).

Among the sources cited in the report is the US Census Office which estimates that the US will have 138 million Spanish speakers by 2050, making it the biggest Spanish-speaking nation on Earth, with Spanish the mother tongue of almost a third of its citizens.

By state the highest concentration is in the former Spanish colonies of the south and south-west, with New Mexico top at 47%, followed by California and Texas (both 38%) and Arizona (30%). Some 18% of New Yorkers speak Spanish while only 1.3% of West Virginians do. Perhaps surprisingly, more than 6% of Alaskans are Spanish speakers.

The report, El español, una lengua viva - Spanish, a living language - estimates that there are 559 million Spanish speakers worldwide, a figure that includes 470 million native speakers and those with some command of the language.

The Instituto Cervantes was established in 1991 to promote the Spanish language abroad and last year had more than 200,000 students registered on its courses. It estimates that 21 million people are currently studying Spanish and here, too, the US leads with 7.8 million learning the language, followed by Brazil and France.

The report adds that two-thirds of Spanish-linked GDP is generated in two areas: North America (US, Canada and Mexico) and the European Union.

Between them they account for 78% while Latin America only accounts for 22%. It calculates that altogether Spanish speakers contribute 9.2% of the world's GDP.

The Index of Human Development ranks Spanish as the second most important language on earth, behind English but ahead of Mandarin. It is also the third most widely used language on the internet, although less than 8% of internet traffic is in Spanish. The report says that Spanish is the second most used language on Twitter in London and New York. It also comes second on Facebook, a long way behind English though well ahead of Portuguese, Facebook's third language.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
US now has more Spanish speakers than Spain - only Mexico has more

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
The United States is now the world's second largest Spanish-speaking country after Mexico, according to a new study published by the prestigious Instituto Cervantes. The report says there are 41 million native Spanish speakers in the US plus a further 11.6 million who are bilingual, mainly the children of Spanish-speaking immigrants.

# data[].attributes.body
Anusha (Bangladesh, USA immigrant) - English Dominant multilingual (Bangla, Spanish, Hindi, Urdu)

Parents

Hasan (Bangladesh/USA immigrant) - Bangla/English bilingual

Nazrin (Bangladesh, USA immigrant) - Bangla/Hindi/Urdu/English multilingual

Paternal Grandparents

Quddus (Bangladesh) - Bangla monolingual

Hasina (Bangladesh) -  Bangla monolingual

Maternal Grandparents

Talibur (Bangladesh) - Bangla monolingual

Mina (Bangladesh) - Bangla monolingual

# data[].attributes.body
El español en muchas ciudades del sur es extremadamente común. Sin embargo, el español en Miami se está muriendo. Aunque en la actualidad, la economía de la ciudad depende tanto del inglés como del español, existe una escasez de bilingüismo entre las generaciones más jóvenes. Esto puede dañar la economía de Miami en el futuro. Por lo tanto, se recomienda empujar al español al currículo educativo para continuar con este bilingüismo en Miami.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.readable_text
This decline in biliteracy may lead to an employment gap in the coming decades, says Susan Martin, the elementary lead teacher at Coral Way Bilingual K-8 Center, a dual-language school in Miami. "Everywhere you go in Miami, you're confronted with someone who will speak to you in Spanish," says Martin. "Even in business, any office or bank you go, you will find someone who speaks Spanish and you may need to communicate with that person in Spanish. It's important to have a workforce that can accommodate and work with the Spanish-speaking community."

So, to say nothing of the value of preserving a vibrant and historic culture, it is in most Miamians' economic interest to secure a bilingual future. The best way to do that is to focus on dual-language programs throughout the public school system, says Carter. In those programs, students learn in both Spanish and English. Miami-Dade County already has a strong foundation of such programs.

In 1963, shortly after Cuban exiles started arriving, Miami-Dade County Public Schools launched the first bilingual school in the United States at Coral Way Elementary School, which serves students in an area that extends from Little Havana to Brickell Avenue. In the decades since its launch, Coral Way, which now instructs 1,500 students from kindergarten through eighth grade in both English and Spanish, has become a national model for dual-language education. This isn't a private school. When I visit her classroom, Maida Yanes asks her third-grade class in Spanish if anyone wants to recite a poem about Frida Kahlo. The entire class raises its hand in unbridled excitement. She picks one student, Nadia. Though her parents do not speak Spanish, she glides through the poem like a native speaker. On the wall, along with quotes and posters in Spanish, hangs a picture of Cuban national hero José Martí, who was the subject of several stories the class read last month. Today, the students are reading a Cuban folktale about a woman looking for a suitor. As they answer questions about what they're reading on handouts, students whisper to each other in Spanish asking for help.

The Spanish-language curriculum is almost identical to the English one, in which students learn about grammar, literature, and writing in both languages. In the mornings, Yanes teaches language arts, math, and social studies in Spanish. Later in the day, another teacher instructs students in language arts, social studies, and science in English. "When you want a child to learn two languages at home, you want one parent to speak in English and the other parent to speak in Spanish so the child has a good distinction," says Mayte Dovale, Coral Way's principal. "We do the same thing here with teachers so they are departmentalizing throughout the entire school beginning in kindergarten."

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
This decline in biliteracy may lead to an employment gap in the coming decades, says Susan Martin, the elementary lead teacher at Coral Way Bilingual K-8 Center, a dual-language school in Miami. "Everywhere you go in Miami, you're confronted with someone who will speak to you in Spanish," says Martin.

# data[].attributes.body
El Espanol en Estados Unidos

# data[].attributes.headline
Do You Know the 8 Differences Between Castilian and Latin American Spanish?

# data[].attributes.subject
Do You Know the 8 Differences Between Castilian and Latin American Spanish?

# data[].attributes.body
Este artículo menciona 8 diferentes maneras castellano es diferente de latín americano español. La ubicación juega un papel importante en el lenguaje y la lingüística, y el español es un ejemplo perfecto de cómo. El español es complejo, pero con el paso de los años ha crecido y desarrollado en diferentes regiones lo que causó que varíe la ubicación a la ubicación.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.readable_text
Location, Location, Location.
It's the mantra of real estate agents worldwide.

It also makes a difference in the type of Spanish you'll learn.

Do you ever worry that the Spanish you learn in one country might not be understood in another?

Or have you learned some Spanish in Spain, only to go to a different Spanish speaking country later on and find yourself struggling to understand? Or vice versa?

Well, if you answered "yes" to any of the above, then welcome to the club.

Spanish is a complex language that has evolved over a substantial period of time. It's grown up and matured in geographically and culturally disparate locations.

As a consequence, there have come to exist some at times significant differences in accents, grammar, vocabulary, slang and idioms in different parts of the Spanish speaking world.

How Differences in Regional Spanish Affect Learners

For students of Spanish, the major and minor differences can be a source of concern.

However, they ought not to be. The fact that it's like this really shouldn't come as a surprise either.

If we look at the English language, we find that the English spoken in Australia is different to that of Ireland, which again is different to that of the US, which is again different to that of South Africa. They're all, however, mutually intelligible. Generally, as native speakers, the differences we come across tend to be more a source of novelty or amusement than genuine hindrances to communication.

Similarly, the different types of Spanish are also mutually intelligible. There are, however, some key divergences which are worth exploring and becoming aware of.

In this post, we'll narrow our focus to examine some of the ways in which Spanish from Spain (called Peninsular Spanish) is different from the Spanish spoken in the Americas (broadly referred to as Latin American Spanish).

A Juicy Mix Up

I originally learned Spanish in Madrid, and later improved it by living with Spaniards in Scotland. About a year later, brimming with confidence in my language abilities, I embarked on a trip to Ecuador and Colombia. Little did I know the challenges that waited ahead.

I distinctly remember about a week into the trip going up to one of the many fresh juice stands that can be found in Quito.

"Un zumo de naranja, por favor," (an orange juice, please) I boldly ordered. I was met with a stare of confusion and silence.

I tried once more, although this time with a more notable hesitancy. Again, I was met with silence, then a suggestion - "Un jugo de naranja, señor?" I awkwardly stumbled out a "sí...por favor," not fully confident of what I had just ordered.

I looked up above me and saw the sign " Jugos Naturales" and figured it must mean juice - Duh!

Sure enough, my dictionary confirmed that jugo meant "juice" and that zumo is only used in Spain. In Ecuador (and other Latin American countries), zumo is understood to refer to fruit pulp. This was to be the first of many wonderfully confusing experiences.

Below, you'll find 8 more key areas of difference between Latin American and Peninsular Spanish.

Pay Attention to These 8 Major Differences Between Castilian and Latin American Spanish

1. Modes of Address: Use of Ustedes vs Vosotros

In Spanish there are officially five different ways in which you can address people. Talk about spoiled for choice!

There are the three singular forms and usted, which correspond to the English "you." These each have varying degrees of formality. There are also the two plural forms, vosotros and ustedes, which are used when speaking to two or more people.

But hold on a moment, there's a catch, and an important one at that!

In Latin American Spanish, when it comes to the plural forms, only one of them is in fact used - ustedes. This is perhaps the most important and most often cited difference between Peninsular and Latin American Spanish, so pay attention.

In Peninsular Spanish, when you address two or more people, you have a choice to use either vosotros or ustedes as your mode of address.

Which one you use is influenced by a number of factors including formality of context, degree of respect wishing to be demonstrated and the level of intimacy you have with whom you are speaking.

If you're familiar with the people you're addressing, you use vosotros and any verb conjugation and pronoun use will follow its associated rules. Even if you're not familiar with these people, you'll still use vosotros if they're of a similar age to you, or if there's no particular requirement to afford them special respect.

For most normal day to day circumstances, vosotros is the order of the day and you'll hear it a lot in Spain.

Conversely, the use of ustedes is restricted to more formal occasions, or circumstances where demonstrations of respect are required.

For example, if you were speaking to the board of directors at work, a group of political figures or the royal family in all their glory, you'd stick to using ustedes.

No doubt you can think of some other situations were it might be appropriate to use this.

In contrast, in Latin American Spanish, these types of distinctions aren't a concern as you only have one choice, ustedes. It doesn't matter if you're speaking to your best friends, your parents or the most important group of people on earth.

The vosotros form is never used in Latin America (aside from Argentina) and in fact faded out of use completely from Latin American Spanish by the end of the 19th century.
Getting Adjusted
If you've learned Spanish in Spain and you became accustomed to using v osotros and conjugating verbs with its endings, it can be a slight adjustment to drop it and begin using ustedes in Latin American countries.

If you're anything like me, you'll probably keep getting it wrong for a few weeks until it finally clicks. If you do accidentally use it, however, or conjugate verbs in its ending, be prepared for a funny look or two and perhaps a polite correction.

If you've learned Spanish in Latin America and go to Spain, your task may be a bit more difficult as you'll likely have skipped over learning the vosotros form altogether.

If you're not familiar with using vosotros, it's worth remembering that even native speakers from Latin America who go to Spain often have troubles with it and will generally stick to using ustedes, so don't feel too bad if initially you do too! You'll certainly be understood, however, you might find yourself being corrected. If you intend to stay a lengthy period of time, it's certainly best to learn it.

2. Use of Usted/Vos/Tu

Following on from above, it should come as no surprise that the use of usted in Spain is also restricted for more formal occasions and follows the same guidelines as outlined for its plural form. From personal experience, I only recall ever being addressed as usted once in Spain when attending a medical clinic.

Most of the time, tú will suffice for all normal instances. However, you'll need to use your discretion.

Conversely, in Latin American Spanish, usted is much more commonly used. Specifics of usage will tend to change slightly depending on which particular country you're in and thus there's no "one size fits all" rule.

As a general guideline though, it's usually a good idea to address anybody you don't know in the usted form. In Latina American Spanish, if you start with usted you may be invited to with the speaker - that is, to address them in tú form.

In some countries such as Argentina, Uruguay, Paraguay and in parts of Colombia and Central America, you'll instead be asked to , which means to address them in the form of vos (a variation on tú - but equally informal).

More often than not, you won't get a direct invitation to change over to the other verb form - you'll just have to listen carefully and pick up on what verb form your conversation partner has decided to use with you.

It's worth noting that the use of usted is as much a cultural as a linguistic phenomenon. Generally, there's a strong tendency for politeness in Spanish speaking Latin American countries and if you address people using the tú or vos form without invitation, it might be interpreted as impolite or overly familiar.

Having said that, it'll also depend with whom you're speaking. Generally, if you're speaking with younger people, using tú or vos will be fine, as they tend to use these forms more.

It may seem a little complex initially, but if you use your listening skills to pay close attention to how those around you speak, you'll quickly be able to pick up the best form of address in the area you're in and you'll be speaking like the locals in no time.

3. Variations in Accent and Pronunciation

An entire volume could be written on the array of different accents which are found in the Spanish speaking world.

Even within countries, accents can vary quite wildly, with changes observable between coastal regions, cities and rural areas.

At times even native speakers of Spanish from different areas report difficulties in understanding one another due to accents. Therefore, don't get disillusioned if you have trouble understanding things initially in a new location.

With time, your ear tends to adjust. The more you immerse yourself, the easier understanding a particular accent becomes.
Seseo
Luckily for us learners, although accent can change radically, pronunciation of words between variants of Spanish remains for the most part very similar.

That being said, there are a couple of differences worth looking at. The most noteworthy of those is referred to in linguistics as distinction (distinción). Many speakers of Spanish in Spain (but not all) have a tendency to pronounce the which comes before and as a sound. The , regardless of position, is also pronounced as a sound. This is what distinción refers to.

Latin American Spanish speakers do not produce this sound. This Latin American pronunciation, not using the th sound, is described linguistically as seseo.

Take for example the word - in Latin America, along with a sizable part of Southern Spain and the Canary Islands, the word is pronounced grasyas.

In most of Spain however, it's pronounced "grathyas" - following the rule of distinction, the c is pronounced th.

As a final variant to confuse you, in other small regions of Southern Spain, it might be pronounced as "grathyath" (the final is changed to a th sound also). This is linguistically referred to as ceceo and is restricted only to a small number of speakers in Spain.

If you've learned Spanish mainly in the Americas, hearing Spaniards speak with distinción may come across as a very unique and perhaps unusual sound.

A less kind interpretation and occasional source of amusement for native Spanish speakers from other countries is to suggest that it sounds like a lisp. It's not actually a lisp, but rather a distinct form of pronunciation and equally correct.

As an interesting historical tidbit, it's suggested that the reason why speakers of Spanish in Latin America speak with seseo as opposed to distinción is because the majority of the conquistadors came from the parts of Spain where seseo is the dominant style of pronunciation.

As a student, you'll learn seseo in Latin American countries and distinción in Spain. Either way, you can be confident that whichever pronunciation style you learn, you'll be understood.

4. Leismo and Object Pronoun (Mis)use

Rules are meant to be broken, right?

At least it seems that's what many speakers in Spain have thought regarding their language's grammar. Restricted to Peninsular Spanish, there exists a phenomenon known as .

Leismo refers to the use of the indirect object pronoun instead of the technically correct direct object pronouns when referring to people. "Huh," you say?

With an example it becomes clear:

(I didn't see Paulo yesterday)

A Paolo no le vi ayer [ Leísmo - indirect object pronoun used]

A Paolo no lo vi ayer [Standard Spanish - direct object pronoun used]

Because the grammar rule was so often broken in Spain, the Real Academia Española, the institute responsible for overseeing the Spanish language, came to accept leismo as acceptable practice, but only when referring to male persons. It doesn't permit the term when referring to females or using the plural form. To illustrate:

Female Persons

(I didn't see Paula yesterday)

A Paula no le vi ayer [incorrect - leísmo not permitted]

A Maria no la vi ayer [correct - standard Spanish]

Plural Form

(I didn't see Paolo and Paola yesterday)

A Paolo y Paola no les vi ayer [incorrect - leísmo not permitted]

A Paolo y Paola no los vi ayer [correct - standard Spanish]

Whilst the academy doesn't officially permit these usages as correct, you may very well still hear them on the streets of Spain. In Latin America, leísmo isn't at all present and thus you should use the direct object pronoun in all cases.

As a learner, I would strongly recommend that you learn and use the grammatically correct direct object pronouns no matter where you happen to be. If later on you gain confidence and want to mix it with the locals in Spain, you can then try to throw in some leísmos.

5. Drive You Crazy - Vocabulary Differences

Moving on from grammatical themes, between the Spanish variants there do also exist some notable differences in vocabulary. To begin, let's take a look at the topic of driving and vehicles.
Case Study: Transportation Terms
In Spain, a car is nearly always referred to as a . In Latin America however, depending on where you are, the preferred term is usually or auto/automóvil.

Generally, auto is used in Chile, Argentina and Uruguay, while most of the countries located north of these will use c arro.

It should be noted that coche is also used in parts of Mexico and Argentina as the predominant term. Confusing?

Sure. But if you forget which term applies where, you'll be understood anyway.

The verb "to drive" also changes between Peninsular and Latin American Spanish.

In Spain, you'll hear used as the verb when referring to driving a vehicle. In Latin American Spanish, the term predominantly used is .

In Spain, restricts its meaning to managing or administering something, i.e. manejar el negocio (to manage a business). If you wanted to park your vehicle, in Spain the verb is , in Latin American Spanish you'd instead use estacionar or .

Another notable difference can be found when referring to buses used for public transport. In Spain, generally a bus will be referred to an . In Latin America, the term varies greatly depending on the region and can vary within different parts of the same country. Some examples of the term for bus which you might hear include: c amión, bus, micro, collectivo, chiva, guagua.

There are likely many more which I've missed. My best advice: ask one of the locals, but normally bus will be a safe bet to get you understood.

6. More Notable Vocabulary Changes

I can now hear your heart beating a bit faster and you're asking "how many other words change?"

While there's no hard and fast answer, it's not so many that you'll encounter any significant problems in communication. Vocabulary changes are perhaps better considered as linguistic novelties and are often a source of amusement for native speakers as opposed to a cause for genuine misunderstanding.

In the next paragraph, you'll see 10 more common words in action which change between Peninsular Spanish (first word) and Latin American Spanish (in brackets)

Let's say I'm looking for an apartment to rent.

First, I'd jump on my computer, or ordernador (computadora), and look online for some apartments, or pisos (departamentos). I'd pull out my mobile, , to make any calls for apartments that interested me, and use my pen, bolígrafo (lapicero/pluma), to make notes about them.

Before leaving the house to go look at them, I'd go to my fridge, nevera (refrigerador), and pull out a soft drink, gaseosa (soda), and a peach, melocotón (durazno), for the trip. I'd throw on my jacket, chaqueta (chamarra/campera), grab my sunglasses, gafas (anteojos), and head out the door.

Its okay, you can wipe the sweat off your brow.

Let me emphasize that these different words are exceptions more than they are rules.

You'll find the vast majority of standard vocabulary to be shared across Spain and Spanish speaking countries in Latin America. These are just cherry picked examples of some common changes. You'll no doubt come across more if you travel or examine Spanish from different countries.

7. Avoiding Embarrassment When Meanings Change

Fortunately for students of Spanish, although there are differences in vocabulary, for the most part, when vocabulary is shared the meaning does not change. There are of course some exceptions - and one in particular deserves its own discussion.

In Peninsular Spanish, the verb is frequently used and means to catch, grab, or take. "Voy a coger un taxi" (I'm going to take a taxi) would be a perfectly respectable sentence to use in Spain.

If you were to say the same thing in some pasts of Spanish speaking Latin America you might be met with a reaction ranging from laughter, ridicule and surprise to complete embarrassment depending on your listener. Perhaps you'll get a combination of all four.

That's because, in Latin American Spanish, coger is used to refer to, ahem, fornication, or rather its more vulgar four letter equivalent. "Voy a tomar un taxi" is a safer sentence in the Americas. That being said, it some countries it's perfectly fine to use coger within the right context.

8. Slang and Colloquialisms

From a learner's perspective, slang and colloquialisms do tend to change quite radically throughout the Spanish speaking world, and certainly more than common vocabulary does.

Not knowing slang certainly won't hinder your ability to communicate, although the way it changes can be frustrating if you're trying to impress your Spanish speaking friends or online language exchange partners from different countries.

For example, in Spain, the words or are commonly used to describe that something (or someone) is cool, groovy or excellent.

These words wouldn't however mean very much to Spanish speakers in the Americas. Chulo is only used the same way in some Caribbean nations.

Throughout Latin America, you'll be able to hear many many different words for cool and it tends to change a lot depending on where you are. In Mexico you might hear or , in Colombia , in Argentina and so on. You'll come across many, many more instances where slang changes in different countries.

So what can you do as a Spanish student?

Well, sadly, there's no silver bullet when it comes to slang. When we learn slang and colloquialisms, we aren't only learning the language but we're also getting unique and valuable insight into a particular country's culture.
So, overall, are the differences between Peninsular Spanish and Latin American Spanish really so great?
For this reason, I'm a strong advocate of learning regional vocabulary. However, this comes with a disclaimer: most colloquial words and expressions won't be at all useful when you go to a different Spanish speaking country.

Well, as you're now aware, there are some notable differences. And I won't deny that if you've learned Spanish in one specific country it may take you a bit of time to adjust to how it's spoken in another. Overall, though, the answer is no. That's because the fundamentals mostly stay the same.

Be confident that, no matter what different type of Spanish you learn, you'll be able to intelligibly communicate with and be understood by Spanish speakers around the globe.

Don't be worried about the differences that do exist. Instead, when you come across them, embrace them as part of the joy and complexity of learning a language, and as a great chance to increase your cultural understanding.

Oh, and One More Thing...

If you liked learning all this colorful (and incredibly useful) Spanish, then you'll love FluentU.

FluentU takes real-world videos like music videos, commercials, news and inspiring talks and turns them into Spanish learning experiences. Other sites use scripted content. FluentU uses a natural approach that helps you ease into the Spanish language and culture over time. You'll learn Spanish as it's actually spoken by real people. And, yes, there is plenty of Latin American and Castilian Spanish here for your educational enjoyment!

FluentU has a wide variety of videos-topics like soccer, TV shows, business, movies and even magical realism, as you can see here:

FluentU brings native videos within reach with interactive transcripts. You can tap on any word to look it up instantly. Every definition has examples that have been written to help you understand how the word is used. If you see an interesting word you don't know, you can add it to a vocab list.

Learn all the vocabulary in any video with FluentU's Learn Mode. Swipe left or right to see more examples of the word you're on. Then play some fun, interactive learning games like word matches and fill-in-the-blank.

The best part is that FluentU keeps track of the vocabulary that you're learning, and it recommends you examples and videos based on the words you've already learned. Every learner has a truly personalized experience, even if they're learning the same video.

Start using FluentU on the website with your computer or tablet or, better yet, download the FluentU App for iPad and iPhone from the iTunes store.
Experience Spanish immersion online!
If you liked this post, something tells me that you'll love FluentU, the best way to learn Spanish with real-world videos.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
Do You Know the 8 Differences Between Castilian and Latin American Spanish?

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
Location, Location, Location.It's the mantra of real estate agents worldwide.It also makes a difference in the type of Spanish you'll learn.Do you ever worry that the Spanish you learn in one country might not be understood in another?Or have you learned some Spanish in Spain, only t

# data[].attributes.body
El español tiene muchos dialectos y este artículo enumera 10 dialectos españoles y cómo se habla alrededor del mundo. La entonación y la pronunciación difieren en cada dialecto y es interesante ver cómo son diferentes. No me di cuenta de que en África, hablaban 2 dialectos diferentes del español. Esta es una gran herramienta de aprendizaje para conocer más dialectos.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.readable_text
Even within a single language or language group there may be major differences in speech. The term dialect refers to those differences in intonation and pronunciation - and even words and expressions that exist in some branches of a language while absent in others.

Spanish has a rich history that spans continents and epochs, and offers a prime launching point for examining the origins and proliferation of dialects. What follows is a basic explanation of the ten major Spanish dialects, where they are spoken, and how they differ:

SPAIN (Peninsular Spanish):

Castilian
This term applies to the official Spanish language, spoken in northern and central Spain.

Andalusian
This dialect, spoken in southern Spain, is the second-most popular in the country after Castilian. However it differs greatly from northern Spanish in the ceceo/seseo distinction, the emission ("elision") of the consonants 'd' and 'r', the aspiration of the consonant 's' at the end of words, and the dropping of final consonants. These factors result in a softer and more fluid sound than that of other Spanish dialects.

Murcian
This dialect is spoken in the Autonomous Region of the Community of Murcia in the southeast of Spain.

Distinct Language Groups
There also exist several distinct language groups in Spain: Catalan, the official language of Andorra and spoken in parts of northern Spain; Basque, the language isolate of an autonomous Spanish community in the Pyrenees; Galician, the Portuguese-influenced language of Galicia, in northwestern Spain; and Extremaduran, a three-branched language spoken in the autonomous community of Extremadura of western Spain.

Canary Islands:

Canarian
The dialect of the Spanish Canary Islands closely resembles the Caribbean Spanish dialect, characterized by the aspirated 's', elided consonants, and the pronunciation of the letter 'h.' The Canarian vocabulary is also heavily influenced by Portuguese due to Portugal's efforts to colonize the islands.

Gibralter:

Llanito
Llanito is a combination of Andalusian Spanish and British English. The existence of Gibraltar as a British overseas territory results in this peculiar language combination.

The Americas:

Latin American Spanish
This is the dialect of urban mainland Mexico, Colombia, Peru, Bolivia, and the majority of Central and South American countries. While there are differences in how Spanish is spoken amongst people in these countries, Latin American Spanish is usually referred to as thus in order to differentiate between it and the Spanish spoken in Spain. The difference is similar to English as it is spoken in England vs the U.S.; U.S. English speakers can understand each other with little effort even though someone from the Midwest speaks very differently than a person from the Northeast or a person from the Southeast.

Rioplatense Spanish
This dialect is spoken in the River Basin region between Argentina and Uruguay, as well as in both countries. The predominant difference between Rioplatense and other Spanish dialects is the intonation of its speakers, which resembles Italian more so than Spanish. The 19th-century saw many Italian immigrants to this region and particularly to Buenos Aires.

Caribbean Spanish
This dialect is spoken in Cuba, Puerto Rico, the Dominican Republic, and along the East coast of Mexico and Central America; it is characterized by elided middle consonants and omitted final consonants, as well as an aspirated 'r' that is pronounced like the Portuguese 'x.'

Africa:

Equatoguinean Spanish
This dialect represents the only official Spanish spoken in Africa; it has incorporated some vocabulary and pronunciation patterns from both native Guineans and immigrant Germans of Cameroon.

Coda
When you decide to take those Spanish lessons, whether it's for professional reasons, or if you want to travel, you will probably want to find out from your instructor or program director about the dialects they offer. Most of the time, the answer you'll hear is Castillian. That will be great about 98% of the time, but take the geographic, and cultural information in context, and make an informed decision! ALTA offers online language training to businesses and government agencies, so feel free to contact us for information.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
10 Spanish Dialects: How Spanish is Spoken Around the World - ALTA Language Services

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
Even within a single language or language group there may be major differences in speech. The term dialect refers to those differences in intonation and pronunciation - and even words and expressions that exist in some branches of a language while absent in others. Spanish has a rich history that ...

# data[].attributes.body
Una vez que los judíos españoles fueron expulsados ​​de España, evolucionaron fuera de España y fueron considerados específicamente judíos. De aquí proviene el nombre judeo-español, que se utiliza en este texto con su aceptable significado lingüístico. Este arte proporciona información sobre la historia, ortografía, cómo se utiliza hoy, y el futuro de la lengua.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.keywords[]
sefardic sephardic ladino jewish judaism juif juifs judaism torah talmud haham hahambashi hakham hakhambashi inquisition spain portugal anusim turkey north afria mizrahi mizrahim south ameria brazil holland sephard sefard sefarad sepharad sefaradim sepharadim spanish-portuguese judeo-spanish espagnol judezmo 1492 expulsion ottoman empire

# data[].attributes.headline
Las características del español de Sudamérica

# data[].attributes.subject
Las características del español de Sudamérica

# data[].attributes.body
El español sudamericano tiene características lingüísticas muy fuertes, generalmente divididas en tres: el español rioplatense, el español chileno y el español paraguayo. Este artículo va en profundidad en el pronombre, el vocabulario y la gramática para resaltar las distinciones y también tiene una tabla comparativa en la parte inferior ayuda a los lectores a visualizar la diferencia.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
Las características del español de Sudamérica: Argentina, Chile, Paraguay y Uruguay

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
The University of Kansas Collaborative Digital Spanish Project (Acceso) is an open-access, digital learning environment designed to promote the acquisition of Spanish and the development of cultural understanding of the varied groups of people who share Spanish as a common language.

# data[].attributes.body
Variacion linguistica en espanol

# data[].attributes.body
Considero que la pragmática es más interesante que la semántica porque tiene que ver con el contexto. Las palabras no son nada sin el contexto en el que se utilizan. La palabra más positiva se puede utilizar en un contexto negativo. Este enlace habla de los niños y la pragmática. No siempre entienden el contexto, pero sí conocen las palabras, por lo que es interesante leer. Se enfatiza en cómo el contexto puede variar entre culturas y dentro de las culturas.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
There are rules for how we use language in different situations and with different people. Adults and children can have trouble with these social communication rules. Speech-language pathologists, or SLPs, can help.

# data[].attributes.body
Los homónimos son cada uno de dos o más palabras que tienen la misma ortografía, pero diferentes significados y orígenes. El blogger usó homónimos para escribir chistes graciosos que era interesante. El último era un poema de 4 líneas que era inteligente. Sólo debido a la historia de una palabra, se puede utilizar de varias maneras. Es realmente maravilloso el modo en que los homónimos trabajan especialmente porque puede ser usado en juegos de palabras.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
Here are puns using homonyms: words that are exactly the same, but have two totally different meanings due to the history of the words. (Yes! "Words!" They are essentially two different words with the same spelling. Go figure that one out!) The man who fell into an upholstery machine is fully recovered.

# data[].attributes.body
Homófonos son dos o más palabras que tienen la misma pronunciación, pero diferentes significados, orígenes u ortografía, como “no” or “know.” Este es un sketch divertido escrito por "Between the Lions" que canta una canción usando homófonos. ¡Es muy básico, pero es muy divertido de ver y la canción es definitivamente pegadiza!

# data[].attributes.body
Este es un video que utiliza arte y herramientas creativas para trazar distinciones y ejemplos de semántica y pragmática. No hay audio por lo que es un poco difícil de involucrarse, sin embargo, hace un gran trabajo de la enseñanza a través de ejercicios y ejemplos en el contexto. Va en gran detalle de cada concepto que disfruté mucho.

# data[].attributes.body
Significado: Semantica, Pragmatica

# data[].attributes.body
Este es un video muy atractivo e interactivo para explicar la forma en español se originó y evolucionó de dibujo a mano. Utiliza el marco de 5 lenguas romances para explicar idiomas y cómo se ramificó a lo que es hoy. Disfruté de este fondo, ya que era interesante para ver.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
Evolution of the Spanish Language by Tia beltz - January 12, 2015

# data[].attributes.body
El idioma español conocido hoy en día como se deriva de un dialecto del latín hablado. Esta entrada de blog se centra en cómo los sustantivos españoles específicamente derivado del latín. Se utiliza el ejemplo de la palabra "homo sapiens" y el punto de partida para la evolución de hominem y homines para convertirse en hombre y hombres para explicar cómo evolucionaron los sustantivos. Esto es sólo un ejemplo, pero se pone al punto.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.readable_text
How Spanish Nouns Evolved From Latin

As most readers know, Spanish is one of several languages that evolved from Latin, which was the language of the Roman Empire. This language family is relatively young. They are called, collectively, Latinate or Romance languages. The word "Romance" has nothing to do with romantic, but with Roman.

When the Roman Empire fell, the Latin spoken in the various regions of what had been politically unified began to differentiate. This period is known as the Middle Ages. These late forms of spoken Latin are often called proto-Romance, for early Romance language or, more specifically, proto-Spanish, proto-Italian and so forth.

For whatever reason, the Latin spoken in the central part of the Iberian peninsula (Castile), formed its nouns differently than their cousins in Italy. The Italians formed nouns based on the nominative case in Latin, the form used to denote a grammatical subject. In Castile, on the other hand, the nouns were formed from the form of a Latin noun used as the direct object, known as the accusative case. Latin distinguishes singular and plural by various endings in all the various cases.

Let's take one example. The word homo-sapiens comes from the singular form for man in the nominative case (when man is the subject of a clause). Likewise, homines is the plural, which gave rise to uomo and uomi in Italy, for man and men. In Spain, the accusative case, singular and plural was the starting point for the evolution of hominem and homines (the latter is also the accusative plural) to become hombre and hombres.

Here are the principal stages from hominem to hombre: hominem > homne > hombre. The first step involved the weak pronunciation of the final m and the loss of the brief syllable i. This brought the n and the m together. The next step is curious -- the place and mode of articulating (pronouncing) this consonant cluster resulted in a b (the bilabial occlusive m brings the lips together and then an r "sprung up" because of the position and mode of pronouncing the n. Try saying them in sequence and you can almost feel the impact the passage of time has on language!

How Latin Became Spanish

The articles in this series deal with the etymology and evolution of Spanish from its mother tongue. They are written for the non-specialist, for teachers whose students ask the inevitable question "why..." which can only be answered with a "how..."

1. Evolution of Romance Languages

2. Evolution of Spanish From Latin: Why We Say "el agua" and "las aguas"

3. How Latin Became Spanish - Let's Examine the Definite Articles: El, La, Los & Las

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
How Did Latin Evolve Into Spanish? A Look at Nouns

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
This article explains how Spanish derives its nouns from the Latin accusative and contrasts it with the way Italian derives its nouns from the nominative. This brief article uses just one example and keeps the jargon down to a minimum -- bringing life to what is often a dusty subject.

# data[].attributes.body
La historia del catalán es complejo y muy largo. En este artículo se explica brevemente en particular con los hechos históricos sobre cómo se originó catalán. Se hace hincapié en la forma en catalán no es un dialecto del español, que la mayoría de la gente no sabe. También menciona cómo catalán evolucionó debido a la inmigración y cómo ahora la mayoría de los catalanohablantes también hablan español como primera lengua.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.readable_text
Catalan is not, as some believe, a dialect of Spanish, but a language that developed independently out of the vulgar Latin spoken by the Romans who colonised the Tarragona area. It is spoken by 9 million people in Catalonia, Valencia, the Balearic Isles, Andorra and the town of Alghero in Sardinia.

Variants of Catalan are spoken in Valencia and the Balearics, which were taken back from the Moors in the 13th century. According to Professor Albert Rossich of the University of Girona (Gerona) these variants reflect the origin of the people who repopulated these areas when the Moors were driven out. Valencia was repopulated with people from Lleida and Tortosa; the Baleares with people from Barcelona and l'Empordà in the north.

Catalonia had been an autonomous province within the kingdom of Aragón but when Aragón was united with Castile with the marriage of Ferdinand and Isabella, Castilian - ie Spanish - became the language of court and literature, while Catalan remained the popular tongue. When in 1714 Barcelona fell to Spanish troops led by the Earl of Berwick, Catalonia lost its autonomy, the central government imposed restrictions on the use of Catalan and Spanish became the official language.

It wasn't until the 19th century and the rise of the nationalist cultural movement known as the renaixença that Catalan was revived as a literary language, Rossich says. However, this revival was short-lived. The fascist regime that emerged triumphant from the civil war in 1939 did everything in its power to stamp out the official and private use of Catalan. Harsh penalties were imposed for speaking it.

The arrival of hundreds of thousands of immigrants from Spain's impoverished south further consolidated the use of Spanish as the lingua franca of Catalonia. Most of these immigrants, or their children at least, have come to understand and or speak Catalan since democracy was restored in 1978. However, large-scale immigration from Latin America over the past 10 years means just over half the Catalan population claim Spanish as their mother tongue.

Since the early 1980s, the imposition of a system known as "immersion," with Catalan as the only vehicular language in state schools, has guaranteed everyone educated in the past 30 years has a command of it. However, thanks to the presence of Spanish in daily life and the media, virtually all Catalans are perfectly bilingual.
Topics

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
Catalan: a language that has survived against the odds

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
Catalan is not, as some believe, a dialect of Spanish, but a language that developed independently out of the vulgar Latin spoken by the Romans who colonised the Tarragona area. It is spoken by 9 million people in Catalonia, Valencia, the Balearic Isles, Andorra and the town of Alghero in Sardinia.

# data[].attributes.body
Este video es una representación visual de la historia de la forma en español originado y evolucionado a lo largo de los años en lo que es
hoy. Utiliza mapas y dibujos para mostrar los aspectos geográficos de donde se originó
y cómo se propagó el mundo. El audio que soporta el video ayuda a narrar la
historia que me pareció más interesante de aprender.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
Escuela Nacional Preparatoria plantel 6 "Antonio Caso" Asignatura: Etimologías Grecolatinas Profesora: María Elena Jaroma Integrantes del equipo: Maturano González Alejandra Maribel Minor Romero Verónica Sebastián Cosme Martín

# data[].attributes.body
Historia de la Lengua Española

# data[].attributes.body
Un léxico es el vocabulario de una persona, idioma o rama del conocimiento, y este video es una forma divertida de aprender el léxico español a través de la música. No es el aprendizaje de libros de texto tradicional que lo mantiene emocionante y el chico sugiere tácticas que puede utilizar para aprender léxico. Para escuchar canciones y su traducción ayuda a aprender estructura de la oración al tiempo que perfeccionan sus habilidades de escucha.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
Learning Spanish through music, will help you to get accustomed the lexicon, and jargon of other Spanish speaking countries, as well as sharpen your listening skills and help you learn sentence structure In this video of how to learn spanish (or any language for that matter) I will be discussing how you can translate song lyrics from one language to another.

# data[].attributes.body
Arboles de sintaxis se utilizan para proporcionar la estructura de nuestras palabras para que tengan sentido en lugar que tienen las palabras que no se acumulan unos sobre otros. Ayuda a identificar la diferencia entre una sentencia lógica frente galimatías sin formato. Una teoría específica, la teoría X ', nos ayuda a hacer precisamente eso. Nos ayuda consideramos la gramática de una frase entera como un solo árbol expandido. El siguiente video explica el concepto de una forma sencilla, junto con ejemplos.

# data[].attributes.body
La recursividad es bastante compleja en inglés y ya en español, es más difícil. Sin embargo, este hilo se rompe el concepto de recursividad, también conocida como de anidamiento. La recursión es un fenómeno en el que una regla lingüística se puede aplicar al resultado de la aplicación de la misma norma. Se muestran ejemplos en este hilo para ser mejor entender la aplicación de este concepto. Definitivamente me ayudó en la comprensión de este concepto, ya que era confuso para mí al principio.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
What is recursion? I've looked at the Wikipedia's explanation (recursion and then recursion in language) but that explanation is not really clear.

# data[].attributes.body
Las frases son una parte interesante de la gramática. ¿Es técnicamente gramaticalmente correcta? Este articulo explica cómo el trabajo de redacción en español y proporciona excelentes ejemplos inglés y para ayudar a entender el concepto. Los verbos compuestos son verbos que cambian su significado cuando se añade una preposición o un adverbio a ellos. En español, una preposición como "de, con, y a" puede ser añadido a un verbo principal para cambiar el significado del verbo.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.readable_text
Blow up. Flip out. Take off.
What the heck are these phrases considered, grammatically speaking?

Maybe you never exactly knew how to define them in English.

Moving on to Spanish studies, do you know the difference between echar and echar a?

Are they expressions? Idioms?

Well, yes, perhaps in a sense. But, more specifically, they're an essential part of grammar called phrasal verbs.

English has a ton of phrasal verbs, but Spanish is also full of them.

Don't worry. I'm going to explain everything you need to know here.

Learn these easy verb phrases to give your Spanish the kick in the butt it needs.

What Are Phrasal Verbs?

Phrasal verbs are verbs that change their meaning when a preposition or an adverb is added to them. Take "blow up" for example. Blow up doesn't mean that you're tilting your head back and blowing air towards the sky (unless you are, in which case you probably need to get a hobby).

Blow up means explode. "The Martians blew up the moon." Of course, this doesn't mean that they put a giant fan under it and blew the moon higher in the universe. No, they exploded it.

Phrasal verbs are constructed by adding a preposition or an adverb to the main verb.
Main verb + preposition/adverb = new meaning
Blow + up = explode

Flip + out = go crazy

Take + off = leave the ground

See, it's easy. And it's the same thing in Spanish. A preposition ( de, con, and a are the most common) is added to a main verb to change the meaning of the verb. Take for example reírse. Reírse mean "to laugh." But when you add the preposition de to it, reírse de, it means "to make fun of" or "to laugh at someone or something."

Reírse + de = to make fun of, to laugh at

Me reí del chiste. (I laughed at the joke.)

Another example is dar con. By itself, dar means "to give." But when combined with the preposition con, it means "to come upon or to find."

Dar + con = to come upon, to find

Silvia dio con la solución a su problema. (Silvia found the solution to her problem.)

Why Learn Phrasal Verbs?

Phrasal verbs are an essential part of Spanish grammar. Many times the best or most common way to express an idea is by using a phrasal verb. You might already know acabar de, but if you don't, this is by far the simplest, easiest and most common way to say that you have just done something. Yup, it's a phrasal verb.

You need to know phrasal verbs because the difference between echar a and echar could mean you've just started a beautiful new relationship with a handsome Spaniard or that you've thrown it away. This tiny change has a huge impact on the meaning of the sentence.

With practice, you'll have no problem distinguishing phrasal verbs in writing and in speech. Soon, using them will become second nature.

Here are 15 essential Spanish phrasal verbs to get you started.

To get started, we're going to explore the Verbs of Action and Reaction.

Note that all of these expressions must be followed by an infinitive.

Meaning: to start to, to begin to

Echar a is used with verbs of movement. You can speak about a new feeling if you make it reflexive: echarse a.

Me eché a investigar sobre los verbos con complemento preposicional en español. (I started investigating about phrasal verbs in Spanish.)

Pero cuando me di cuenta de lo fáciles que son, me eché a llorar. (But when I realized how easy they were, I began to cry.)

Meaning: to fail to, to stop, to neglect to

You'll hear this very often in the command form.

Así que me dije-"¡Deja de estudiar!" (So I told myself, "Stop studying!")

Meaning: to have just

Use this verb when you want to say that you've just finished doing something. I hope you never have to use it to say this:

Acabo de suspender mi examen de verbos. (I just failed my test on Spanish verbs.)

Meaning: to return to doing something

This is the most common way to say that you're going to begin something again.

Así que volví a estudiarlos. (So I started to study them again.)

5. Estar para

Meaning (Spain): to be about to

Meaning (Latin America): to be in the mood for

This is a tricky one. Not only are there a couple regional usage variations to keep in mind here, but you'll also need to be careful not to confuse estar para with the next phrasal verb on this list.

Y ahora estoy para ir a España y practicar lo que aprendí. (And now I'm about to travel to Spain and practice what I learned.)

Next up, we're going to explore some Verbs of the Mind.

Meaning (Spain): to be in favor of

Meaning (Latin America): to be about to

In Spain, this is a great way to express what you would like to do. Use it to express your preferences. It's strong but not rude. Like when you're tired of museums. In Latin America, use it when you're on the verge of doing something at the moment.

Me aburre el Reina Sofía; estoy por ir a Kapitol. (The Reina Sofia is boring; I say we go to Kapitol.)

Meaning (Spain): to think about, to have an opinion about

Once you learn this phrase, you'll find yourself using it in all sorts of situations. This is the best way to express what you think about something. Be careful not to mix it up with the next phrasal verb on this list.

¿Qué piensas de la chica de los tacones azules? (What do you think about the girl with the blue heels?)

Meaning: to think of, to direct your thoughts to

This differs from the previous verb because it often implies intention. Use this to express what's occupying your thoughts. Like the girl with the blue heels.

No puedo dejar de pensar en ti. (I can't stop thinking about you.)

Meaning: to dream about

You probably already know soñar, but you might not know that when you're talking about your dreams, you must use con. Note that you can follow con with either a noun or a verb.

Soñé con bailar con ella toda la noche. (I dreamed about dancing with her all night.)

10. Contar con

Meaning: to rely on, to count on

This is a great way to let someone know how important they are to you. Especially when you forget where you put her number.

¿Diego tiene el número? Sabía que podía contar con él. (Diego has the number? I knew I could count on him.)

Alright, now let's move on to some Verbs of the Heart.

11. Reírse de

Meaning: to make fun of, to laugh at

This construction is absolutely essential if you want to express that you thought something was funny. Or you need to tell your friends why you're at the bar.

Mi novia se rió de mí. (My girlfriend was laughing at me.)

12. Alegrarse de

Meaning: to be glad to

When you get bored with estar feliz, that old Spanish 101 phrase, alegrarse de is useful for saying that you're happy about something. Like that you and your girlfriend have made up.

Me alegro de hacer las paces con mi novia. (I'm glad to make up with my girlfriend. / Making up with my girlfriend makes me happy.)

13. Enamorarse de

Meaning: to fall in love with

How could you travel to any Spanish-speaking country without knowing this verb?!

Al verla hacer una tortilla, me enamoré de ella de nuevo. (When I saw her making a tortilla, I fell in love with her all over again.)

14. Casarse con

Meaning: to marry

It's a common mistake to leave out the preposition in this construction, but when you want to indicate that a person got married to someone, you have to use con.

Pero se casó con mi mejor amigo cuando le cantó una canción de Jarabe de Palo. (But she married my best friend when he sang her a Jarabe de Palo song.)

15. Echar de menos

Meaning: to miss

You'll hear this expression often in Spain. It's interchangeable with extrañar. Don't forget to add a before the object.

Ahora que me ha dejado, echo de menos a Mercedes más que nunca. (Now that she has left me, I miss Mercedes more than ever.)

That's it!

Now all it takes is a little practice and you'll be speaking like a local in no time.

And once you get a grip on these 15 Spanish phrasal verbs, you'll be more than ready to win over the man or woman of your dreams, fall in love, get married and miss them when they go away on business trips.

Now, keep studying to take your Spanish to the next level!

And One More Thing...

If you like learning memorable Spanish lessons that help you speak more like a native, then you'll love FluentU.

FluentU takes real-world videos like music videos, commercials, news, and inspiring talks and turns them into Spanish learning experiences.

Other sites use scripted content. FluentU uses a natural approach that helps you ease into the Spanish language and culture over time. You'll learn Spanish as it's actually spoken by real people.

FluentU has a wide variety of videos-topics like soccer, TV shows, business, movies and even magical realism, as you can see here:

FluentU brings native videos within reach with interactive transcripts. You can tap on any word to look it up instantly. Every definition has examples that have been written to help you understand how the word is used. If you see an interesting word you don't know, you can add it to a vocab list.

Learn all the vocabulary in any video with FluentU's Learn Mode. Swipe left or right to see more examples of the word you're on.

The best part is that FluentU keeps track of the vocabulary that you're learning, and it recommends you examples and videos based on the words you've already learned. Every learner has a truly personalized experience, even if they're learning the same video.

Start using FluentU on the website with your computer or tablet or, better yet, download the FluentU App from the iTunes store. The Android app is coming soon!

If you liked this post, something tells me that you'll love FluentU, the best way to learn Spanish with real-world videos.
Experience Spanish immersion online!
If you liked this post, something tells me that you'll love FluentU, the best way to learn Spanish with real-world videos.
Experience Spanish immersion online!

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
15 Spanish Phrasal Verbs That You'll Hear Absolutely Everywhere

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
Blow up. Flip out. Take off.What the heck are these phrases considered, grammatically speaking?Maybe you never exactly knew how to define them in English.Moving on to Spanish studies, do you know the difference between echar and echar a?Are they expressions? Idioms?Well, yes, per

# data[].attributes.body
Sintaxis

# data[].attributes.body
Se trata de un aprendizaje rápido para aprender la derivación frente de inflexión en términos de procesos morfológicos. afijos flexivos producen una nueva palabra a partir de una palabra lexema existente y no crear una nueva entrada en el propio léxico mental. Por el contrario, los afijos derivativos son capaces de crear un nuevo lexema de una base. El siguiente enlace proporciona ejemplos para obtener una comprensión más profunda.

# data[].attributes.body
Allomorphism es interesante para mí. Es la forma en que nuestro cambio de morfemas, tipos de variación que se encuentra en ella, y métodos nos permite elegir cuál es el morfema subyacente. Se llama un cambia-formas porque desplaza hacia arriba o cambiar dependiendo de su entorno. Este video va a fondo a través del concepto de alomorfismo y diferentes formas de utilizar este concepto.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
How do our words change on their way out of our mouths? What kinds of rules cover their variation? In this week's episode, we talk about allomorphy: the way our morphemes change, the types of variation we find in their pronunciation, and the methods that allow us to decide what the underlying morpheme is.

# data[].attributes.body
Wug no es un mundo real, pero Jean Berko Gleason inventó la "prueba wug" que demuestra cómo los niños tan jóvenes como de cuatro puede aprender las reglas gramaticales complejas y aplicar estas normas en términos generales, incluso a palabras sin sentido, como "wug." En este artículo, hay un video llamado de Nova "vida secreta de científicos e ingenieros" que muestra cómo funciona el concepto. Este concepto se atribuye a la capacidad gramatical innata de los niños.

# data[].attributes.body
Este elemento es útil para la comprensión de la morfología de algunas diapositivas. Lo que me interesa son acuñaciones, que son la creación accidental de palabras. Esta idea ignora por completo la morfología. En inglés, tenemos muchos, como las escaleras mecánicas, google, tirita. Estas palabras a menudo vienen de la nada, pero se convierten en palabras que hablan inglés de uso diario.

# data[].attributes.body
Morfología

# data[].attributes.headline
Fonemas Españoles y la Transcripción del Fonema

# data[].attributes.subject
Fonemas Españoles y la Transcripción del Fonema

# data[].attributes.body
Este sitio web es una excelente manera de escuchar la fonética específica en la lengua española. Español tiene 24 fonemas, 5 vocales y 19 consonantes. También se menciona el estrés que está representado ante una sílaba acentuada. Puede hacer clic en el símbolo de audio para escuchar la fonética en voz alta lo que será muy útil para escuchar los sonidos.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
Spanish phonemes and phonemic transcription

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
A phoneme is a unit of sound that distinguishes words. For example: /u/ and /e/ are phonemes because when you change /u/ in "tú" (you) for /e/ you have another word with a different meaning: "té" (tea). Phonological/phonemic descriptions will go between bars //.

# data[].attributes.body
Fonética afectan a la articulación del habla. Sin embargo, el discurso no siempre es fácil para algunos. No puede haber defectos en el habla que dificulta la capacidad de hablar "normal". Para ejemplos, deficiencias en la articulación, trastorno fonológico y proceso de trastorno de la fluidez. Uno podría tener un ceceo o uno podría tener un problema de tartamudeo. Estos trastornos atados a la fonética y la fonología.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.readable_text
Speech Sound Disorders

Have you ever had one of those days when you felt tongue-tied? You knew what you wanted to say, but you just couldn't get the words out. For many of us, this is just a passing moment, but for some children, it is a daily condition that they cope with. In this lesson, we will discuss speech sound disorders, which include articulation defects, phonological process disorders and fluency disorder.

Speech is our verbal way of communicating, and it has a phonetic level as well as a phonological level. The phonetic level is also known as ' articulation' and is concerned with the act of producing consonants and vowel sounds, while the phonological level is concerned with how the brain organizes the speech sounds into patterns.

Articulation Defects

An articulation defect is a speech sound disorder that affects the phonetic level. Children with this defect will have difficulty saying certain vowels and consonants. Articulation defects are common in children and often are not permanent conditions. Articulation defects can be caused by hearing loss, allergies or anatomical problems and are typically detected in children who are between the ages of five and eight.

There are four different articulation errors that can be made when producing speech sounds: Substitutions, Omissions, Distortions and Additions. An easy way to remember these is to use the acronym SODA.

A speech sound error of the substitution type means that one sound is replicated for another sound. For example, 'w' is substituted for 'r,' so that 'rabbit' sounds like 'wabbit.'

A speech sound error of the omission type means that a sound in the word is omitted - for example, 'bown ake' for 'brown rake.'

A speech sound error of the distortion type means that a sound is produced in an unfamiliar way. Lisp sounds are an example of this error. A child with a lisp trying to say 'sun' might end up saying 'sssun.'

A speech sound error of the addition type means that an extra sound is inserted within the word - for example, 'buhlack horse' for 'black horse.'

Phonological Process Disorder

Phonology is the study of how the act of articulation is organized neurologically. A phonological process disorder is a type of speech sound error that involves patterns of sound errors. This disorder is on the phonological level because it involves the way the brain organizes and processes consonants and vowels into sounds. There are many phonological process disorders; however, two common ones are substitution errors known as fronting and backing.

Fronting is also known as velar fronting. 'Velar' refers to the palate of the mouth, and this pattern occurs when any consonant that should be made in the back of the mouth is substituted by another consonant that is made in the front of the mouth. For example, a child will substitute all of the sounds that are made in the back of their mouth, like 'k' and 'g,' for those sounds that are made in the front of the mouth, like 't' and 'd.' They will say 'tup' for 'cup' and 'dot' for 'got.'

Backing is just the opposite of fronting. This speech sound error occurs when the sounds that should be made in the front of the mouth are made in the back. For example, a child will substitute the letter 'b' - formed by two lips coming together in the front of their mouth - with the letter 'g,' which is made in the back of their mouth, so that 'bumblebee' becomes 'gumblegee.'

It is interesting to note that a child with a phonological process disorder may be able to hear the sound distinctions in other people's voices but is unaware of making this distortion him or herself.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.keywords[]
characteristics of speech sound errors: speech & communication disorders - video & lesson transcript | study.com

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
Characteristics of Speech Sound Errors: Speech & Communication Disorders - Video & Lesson Transcript | Study.com

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
Have you ever had one of those days when you felt tongue-tied? You knew what you wanted to say, but you just couldn't get the words out. For many of us, this is just a passing moment, but for some children, it is a daily condition that they cope with.

# data[].attributes.body
Este video muestra una forma divertida e interesante para aprender rápidamente algunos de los principales fonemas de IPA: alfabeto fonético internacional en cinco minutos. La mujer en el video suena a cabo los fonemas consonantes utilizando junto con ejemplos, lo cual es muy útil para memorizar y recordar. Estos son los sonidos en inglés, pero la mujer utiliza un acento para mantener el video cómico. Sin embargo, los sonidos que hace son muy claras y precisas.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
Some of the phonemes in the IPA. This can be taken seriously, if you wish. Or don't.

# data[].attributes.body
Los Sonidos de la Lengua: Fonética y Fonología

# data[].attributes.headline
Arabic Phonetics: صوتيات الأحرف العربية
  

# data[].attributes.subject
Arabic Phonetics: صوتيات الأحرف العربية
  

# data[].attributes.body
Fonética son obviamente diferentes en cada idioma. Un lenguaje que me parece interesante en términos de la fonética es el árabe. Hay 28 alfabetos que componen el lenguaje, y este video muestra la fonética de la lengua árabe. A diferencia de otros idiomas, las letras árabes no cambian el sonido que hacen dependiendo de dónde se encuentren en la palabra. Ellos siempre suenan igual. Asi que una vez que se aprende los sonidos de este video, que es todo lo que se necesita.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.entities[].name
Sparkle Glitter Arabic Alphabet & Numbers

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
Easy Beginning Arabic Phonetics: صوتيات الأحرف العربية

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
Subscribe Now Free Arabic Lessons! Learn the Arabic Alphabet Phonetics, with this easy little song. And remember Arabic letters don't change the sound they make depending on where they are in the word.

# data[].attributes.headline
Nuevo Idioma, El Idioma de Edad y Los Sonidos 

# data[].attributes.subject
Nuevo Idioma, El Idioma de Edad y Los Sonidos 

# data[].attributes.body
Los bebés son capaces de oír durante unos tres meses antes de que sean born. Ellos escuchan las voces de las personas que los rodean y pueden oír la forma de ese idioma. No van a ser capaces de entender las palabras , pero pueden escuchar los sonidos. De acuerdo con los científicos que estudiaron los cerebros de los niños pequeños afectados por dos idiomas, aunque el niño no puede recordar el idioma, su cerebro hace y que afecta a su forma de pensar.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.readable_text
What is the earliest thing you remember? How old were you? What was happening? Have you ever wondered about all the things from before that moment that you can't remember? Or all the things since that moment that you have forgotten?

Maybe your family says that you used to refuse to eat yellow food, listened to the same song for six days in a row, or became terrified of your uncle for more than a year. If you can't remember these things, could they still be affecting you as you grow up?

Scientists who study this question find that many of your very early experiences actually shape your brain - so even if you don't remember something, your brain might.

Let's think about the example of language.

Scientists wanted to know how early you would be able to tell babies from families that spoke different languages apart. How quickly do you think that they could see a difference between babies from families who spoke French and babies from families who spoke German? One month? Three months? One year?

What about from the moment they are born?

The scientists recorded crying babies who had been born to parents who spoke German or French. They grouped all of the cries from the German babies and all of the cries from the French babies to see if there was a pattern - and there was!

Look at the graphs of the cries from the babies below. Each cry is only about a second long, and you can see that the biggest part of the curve - or where the cry is the most intense - is different between the two groups. The German babies start out with a much more intense cry and get softer, and the French babies had their most intense sound at the end.

This happens because babies are already able to hear for about three months before they are born. They hear the voices of the people around them and can hear the shape of that language. They won't be able to understand the words, but they can hear whether the sounds start off intense and become softer, or start softer and become more intense. This shape already starts to affect the way they create language - even in their earliest cries.

The sounds we hear start to affect us before we are even born - but how long do these effects last? What if we heard one language as a baby, but moved to a new place and never heard this language again? Even if we didn't remember, would our brains remember?

Another group of scientists asked just that question. They studied a group of kids and teens who were born in China and then were adopted when they were six months to two years old by families who spoke French.

These kids and teens could not remember Chinese, but the scientists wanted to know if there was still evidence of these early encounters with this language in the brain.

Scientists already know that our brains have different regions for all of the things we need it to help us do - hear, see, smell, breathe, walk, read, recognize faces, and understand sounds. When you need to understand sounds, you usually use areas in the right half of your brain. When you are trying to understand language, you usually use two specialized areas in the left half of your brain.

In this study, the scientists scanned the brains of the kids and teens to see what areas they were using when they were listening to Chinese words or other sounds that were meant to sound like Chinese words. These kids and teens were from three groups:

1. Kids who had been born in China and adopted at a young age to Montreal, Canada and only learned French since

2. Kids who have always lived in Montreal, Canada, never learned Chinese, and have only learned French

3. Kids born in Montreal, Canada who originally learned Chinese, but then also added French as a second language while they were still young

When studying the brains of these three groups, the scientists saw a clear difference between the two groups who had learned Chinese and the group who had not.

All three groups could clearly tell the sounds apart - they knew the sounds did not match each other - but they used different parts of the brain to figure this out. The group who had never learned Chinese used the right half of the brain - the part used for processing sounds that are not language. Both of groups who had heard Chinese when they were very young actually used the special languages areas in the left half of their brains.

Even the kids and teens who had not heard Chinese in more than ten years used the language parts of the brain - their brains still recognized Chinese and treated it as a language!

Think about this the next time you see babies and toddlers. They already sound different than young kids from other countries - even the ones who can't really talk yet. Also, when you talk to them - even though they won't remember it - you are helping to shape the language parts of their brain in a way that will last a very long time. So don't be afraid to talk to them, and think about something interesting to say.

Sources:

Brauer J (2014) The Brain and Language: How Our Brains Communicate. Front Young Minds. 2:14. doi: 10.3389/frym.2014.00014

Intagliata,C. (Senior Producer). (2014, November 21). Ghosts of Early Language May Linger in the Brain [Audio podcast]. Retrieved from http://www.sciencefriday.com/

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
Language: What Your Brain Remembers Even if You Forget

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
What is the earliest thing you remember? How old were you? What was happening? Have you ever wondered about all the things from before that moment that you can't remember? Or all the things since that moment that you have forgotten?

# data[].attributes.body
Es muy curioso que a pesar de que el idioma es el mismo, acentos difieren regional y nacional. No hay ciencia detrás de los acentos. Se trata simplemente de nuestro cerebro que eligen acentos en base a las personas que viven en estrecha proximidad y crecimiento para compartir una manera de hablar. Los psicólogos dicen que la gente tienen bias- acento cuando nos gusta la forma en que alguien habla y el proceso de lo que dicen, nuestras regiones cerebrales involucradas con las emociones también se convierten en involved- un proceso conocido como el procesamiento afectivo. En otras palabras , esto es cuando te gusta una cosa y hace que te guste otra cosa aún más sin que te des cuenta.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.entities[].name
Journal of Language and Social Psychology

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.entities[].name
Journal of Experimental Social Psychology

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
The surprising effects behind our accents. SUBSCRIBE to BrainCraft! Click here: http://ow.ly/rt5IE Talking psychology, neuroscience & why we act the way we do. CORRECTION: It's meant to be "rhotic" and "non-rhotic" accent. Very sorry, I was confused.

# data[].attributes.body
No es sorprendente saber que los científicos trataron de enseñar a los animales a hablar el lenguaje humano. Asimismo, no es de extrañar que fracasaron. Sin embargo, el lenguaje de signos sucedió con Washoe, un chimpancé. Él fue capaz de estar condicionado a hablar en la lengua de signos y posteriormente mostrar emociones. Ese es el poder del lenguaje. Se puede ser compartida entre los animales y los seres humanos.

# data[].attributes.body
arbitariedad: no hay relación entre significantes y significados.

desplazamiento: referir a hechos no presentes en el contexto inmediato; lejos en el tiempo o en el espacio.

articulacion dual: dos niveles de lengua- uno de elements mínimos sin significado, y uno en que elementos mínimos se combinan para expresar significados.

productividad: capacidad de combinar elementos conocidos para formar un número infinito de nuevos elementos para expresar un número infinito de ideas.

prevaricacion: capacidad de producir mensajes que no sean verdaderos; capacidad de mentir.

reflexividad: usar la lengua para hablar de la lengua misma; función metalingüística.

uso de unidades discretas: sistema finito de sonidos que contrastan claramente entre sí y hablantes los pueden percibir como diferentes.

creatividad: capacidad de crear frases nuevas de acuerdo con necesidades de contexto.

El lenguaje es innato para humanos y animales. Se diferencian de muchas maneras, y estos aspectos anteriormente caracterizan lenguaje humano. Estos son cultivos característicos que hacen que el lenguaje humano lenguaje animal único y diferente. Somos capaces conscientemente a todos los de arriba mientras que los animales no pueden. Prevaricación es un excelente ejemplo: la capacidad de mentir es exclusivo de los humanos.

# data[].attributes.body
La Linguistica Ciencia Cognitiva