# data[].attributes.body
Empire Expansion: Orange
Mongols: Blue
Technological Innovation: Red
Renaissance: Green
Black Death: Purple
Empire Administration: White

# data[].attributes.body
The Abbasid Empire overthrows the Umayyad Dynasty, making the Abbasids have the ultimate authority for the majority of the Muslim community.

# data[].attributes.body
This period focuses more on the development of individual regions and empires such as the Muslim Empires like the Abbasid. There is also the fall of the Mongols and the rise of the Chinese Ming dynasty and their exploration. Also the power struggles of independent European nations and their struggles regarding religion.

# data[].attributes.body
Empire Expansion:
The Muslim heartland was under attack by the Christian crusades, with a goal to capture the holy lands from the Muslims.

# data[].attributes.body
Technological Innovations:
Despite the external pressure from the crusades, the Muslims expanded in technology, literature, and science.
-Trigonometry, geometry, and chemistry.
-Production of paper, silk, ceramics, and maps.
-Shah nama and Rubiya(Literature)

# data[].attributes.body
Empire Expansion:
Muslims start to infiltrate Northern India by migrating and conquering. Qutb-Ud-Din Aibak established his Muslim kingdom in India, proclaimed himself sultan of India, and established a capital at Delhi. Ends up with the Islamic religion failing to impact the Hindu population of India.

# data[].attributes.body
Empire Administration:
In Europe, there was a development of important monarchs and new forms of government. (Magna Carta and parliaments)

# data[].attributes.body
Mongols:
The death of Chinggis Khan. This causes the Mongol Empire to be split up among his 3 sons. Which would later be split up further.

# data[].attributes.body
Empire Expansion:
Mongols(Tars Tars) successfully invade Russia, with two successful expeditions. Following the conquering of Russia, the Mongols set off an expedition further off into Western Europe. Had to draw back when Chingis Khan died.

# data[].attributes.body
Renaissance:
The Renaissance was a cultural and political movement that expanded commerce and it focused on more secular literature and art.

# data[].attributes.body
Empire Expansion:
The Aztecs build Teotihuacan, which becomes the capital of the Aztec empire. Becomes the most dominant empire in Mexico.

# data[].attributes.body
Black Death:
The black plague which started in Central Asia spreads and eventually spreads to Europe. 1/3 of the population dies causing a devastating problem in the economy and population. Europe became more discriminative towards the minority(Jewish).

# data[].attributes.body
Empire Expansion:
Sundiata or the "Lion Prince" ruled during this time. He created an unified state that became the Mali Empire.

# data[].attributes.body
Black Death:
The plague sets off many protests, led by peasants. One in Britain and one in France, they faced protests for more land, egalitarian, and the elimination of serfdom.

# data[].attributes.body
Mongols:
The fall of the Mongol empire. The Mongols were defeated by the armies of Mamluk - a dynasty of Egypt. The armies received help from Christians who let the armies cross unopposed through their diminished Crusader territories in Palestine.

# data[].attributes.body
Empire Administration: After the Mongols were pushed out of China, a poor farmer rose to power out of a rebel group and became the next emperor of China

# data[].attributes.body
Empire Expansion: China dabbles into maritime exploration with a giant fleet headed for India, lead by Zheng He.

# data[].attributes.body
Empire Expansion:
With military efforts the incas establish a powerful Inca empire in the high andes.

# data[].attributes.body
Green represents Technological innovations, White represents Empire expansion and Empire administration, purple represents Empire belief systems, red is colombian exchange.From 1450-1750 the world became more interconnected so the events that happen after eachother are related. A lot of them relate to new world exploration and the power struggles that came from these new territories.

# data[].attributes.body
Empire Expansion: The Ottomans capture Constantinople
This allowed the Ottomans to extend their empire into Syria and Egypt as well as across North Africa. It also spread through the Balkans into Hungary and around the Black and Red seas.  The Ottomans remained a major force in European politics until the nineteenth century.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
Ten Minute History - The Rise of the Ottoman Empire (Short Documentary)

# data[].attributes.body
Empire Expansion: Russian expansion presses in the south

Russia’s expansion affected Europe, East Asia, and Central Asia and added to the diversity of their empire

# data[].attributes.body
Empire Expansion: Exploration and settlement into the Caribbean

# data[].attributes.body
Empire Expansion: Treaty of Tordesillas: agreement between divided the newly discovered

# data[].attributes.body
Technological Innovations: intercontinental trade grew more popular following the discovery of the new world. It promoted mercantilism and connected more countries through trade. Some of the goods traded include: silks, spices, and other rare European goods.

# data[].attributes.body
Empire Expansion: Safavid conquest of Persia

This led to the restoration of Persia as a major center of political power and cultural creativity.  It was also established as one of the strongest bastions of Shi’ism in the Islamic world.

# data[].attributes.body
Empire Belief Systems: Luther’s 95 theses; beginning of Protestant reformation - These new ideas led to major social changes in Europe with the rise of Protestantism resulting in more religious wars

# data[].attributes.body
Empire Belief Systems: the beginning of Church of England - The beginning was the Church of England led to major governance changes in Europe as the Church became a central institution around which many laws and rules were created.

# data[].attributes.body
Empire Expansion: Hernan Cortes leads the spanish army to defeat against the Aztec Empire, Mexico. The fall of the Aztecs paved the way for European settlers to take over and colonize South America, as the native population grew weaker.

# data[].attributes.body
Internal and External Challenges to Power: Humayan was forced to flee Persia after his brother disputed his succession

# data[].attributes.body
Technological Innovations: Copernican revolution; Copernicus's work on astronomy. Copernicuses works led to major changes in the understanding of science and the shift to further secular themes as opposed to religious ideas.

# data[].attributes.body
Empire Administration: Royal government founded in Brazil

# data[].attributes.body
The Columbian Exchange: The beginning of the slave trade
The rise of the slave trade led to the rise of European profits by gaining large amounts of laborers to come to America for a cheap cost

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
The Columbian Exchange: Crash Course History of Science #16

# data[].attributes.body
Empire Belief Systems: Religious wars in France, Germany, and Britain. Following the Protestant Reformation, there was much disagreement over religion and the different sects of Christianity and Catholicism that were being practiced.

# data[].attributes.body
Empire Administration: Reign of Elizabeth I England.

# data[].attributes.body
The Columbian Exchange: Portuguese establish a colony in Angola
The control of slave trade reflected the political patterns of Europe
Goods such as potatoes, corn, cacao bean, turkey, and more traveled from the new world to the old.
Goods like citrus, coffee bean, livestock, and diseases (most deadly for the natives was smallpox)

# data[].attributes.body
Empire Belief Systems: Akbar’s proclamation of new religions
These new religions such as Din-i-Ilahi were designed to unite the Muslims and Hindus under his rule

# data[].attributes.body
Empire expansion:
1607- First permanent British colony in Virginia
1608-First French colonies in Canada; England gains first trading concession in India
The colonization of the Americas had significant effective on Native American life.  Populations decreased as Europeans carried disease onto the new lands with as much as 50% of the indigenous population dying.  Political power also shifted into the hands of Peninsulares and new government actions led to the mistreatment and abuse of Native Americans as laborers.

# data[].attributes.body
Internal and External Challenges to Power: Portuguese control of the slave trade was challenged in  after the dutch established a port at el mina.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
The Transatlantic Slave Trade: Crash Course Black American History #1

# data[].attributes.body
Technological Innovation: Decline of witchcraft trials. People began to doubt that so many people could be guilty of witchcraft and asked the courts to consider evidence

# data[].attributes.body
Empire Belief Systems: Glorious revolution in Britain; parliamentary monarchy; some religious toleration; political writing on John Locke

# data[].attributes.body
Colombian Exchange: Gold is discovered in Brazil, this causes a gold rush that increases the amount of settlers in Brazil. Would lead to the development of mines and labor systems to get the gold

# data[].attributes.body
Technological Innovations: Scientific revolution
- Microscope
- Telescope
- Mathematica Principia

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
Scientific Revolution: Crash Course European History #12

# data[].attributes.body
Empire Administration: War of the Spanish Succession; Bourbon dynasty rules Spain.  It was triggered by the death of the childless Habsburg King Charles II of Spain in 1700.

# data[].attributes.body
The Columbian Exchange: English get the right to import slaves to the Spanish empire

The forced movement of Africans was a key part of the exchange of food, diseases, animals, and ideas which had a profound influence on ingenious people in the Americas.

# data[].attributes.body
Technological Innovations: First Turkish Language printing press

# data[].attributes.body
Internal and External Challenges to Power: The Ottoman armies were defeated by Persian forces under Nadir Khan

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
The fall of the Ottoman Empire - History of The Ottomans (1900 - 1922)

# data[].attributes.body
Empire Belief Systems: beginnings of Methodism

# data[].attributes.body
Empire Administration: Seven years war; The Seven Years' War was a conflict between France and Great Britain that began in 1754 as a dispute over North American land claims in the region around Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.

# data[].attributes.body
Empire Belief Systems:

Abolotion movement gains strength in England
This movement was one of the first steps which led to the end of slavery across the world.