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Replica of the painting from the Chauvet-Pont-d'Arc Cave in southern France (Anthropos museum, Brno)

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Lascaux Cave Paintings, (Hall of the Bulls, Chinese Horse, Rhinoceros, Wounded Man and Bison, from Dordogne, France. ca. 15,000–13,000 BCE

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Woman of Willendorf, ca. 28000 - 25000 BCE

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Stonehenge, from Salisbury Plain, Wiltshire, England. ca. 2100 BCE

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Seated Woman of Çatalhöyük (head is a restoration), The Museum of Anatolian Civilizations, Ankara, Turkey (photo: Nevit Dilmen, CC BY-SA 3.0)

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Cylinder seal of Pu-abi, c. 2600 B.C.E., lapis lazuli, 4.9 x 2.6 cm, from Ur © Trustees of the British Museum

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Painted Beaker, from Susa. ca. 4000 BCE

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Statues from Abu Temple, Tell Asmar, Iraq ca. 2700-2500 BCE
Sumerian stylistic period

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Royal Goat in Thicket, Royal Cementary of Ur ca. 2600

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Royal Standard of Ur, ca 2600 BCE

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Bull Lyre, from the tomb of Queen Pu-abi, Ur 2600 BCE

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Head of Akkadian ruler, Nineveh, Iraq ca. 2250-2200 BCE

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Stele of Niram-Sin r, 2254-2218 BCE

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Great Ziggurat of king Urnammu, ca 2100 BCE

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Stele inscribed with the

Law Code of Hammurabi. ca. 1700 BCE
Babylonian

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Gate of the citadel of Sargon II, Iraq. 742–706 BCE (and lamassu)
Assyrian

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Lion Hunt relief, from the Palace of Ashurbanipal, Nineveh. ca. 645 BCE

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Neo-Babylonian: Ishtar Gate (restored), from Babylon, Iraq. ca. 600 BCE

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Bull capital, from Persepolis, c. 500 BCE

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Darius and Xerxes Giving Audience, ca. 490 BCE
Persian

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King Menkaure (Mycerinus) and queen, 2490–2472 B.C.E., greywacke, 142.2 x 57.1 x 55.2 cm (Museum of Fine Arts, Boston, photo: Steven Zucker, CC BY-NC-SA 2.0)

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Imhotep, Step pyramid of King Djoser, Saqqara, ca. 2681–2662 BCE (Old Kingdom)

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The pyramids of Menkaure, ca. 2533–2515 BCE, Khafra

ca. 2570–2544 BCE and Khufu

ca. 2601–2528 BCE, Giza (Old Kingdom)

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The Weighing of the Heart and Judgement, by Osiris, from The Book of the Dead, by Hunefer, 1285 ca. BCE (New Kingdom)

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Bull-leaping fresco from the east wing of the palace of Knossos (reconstructed), c. 1400 B.C.E., fresco, 78 cm high (Archaeological Museum of Heraklion, photo: Jebulon, CC0)

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Figure, Cycladic, c. 2500

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Harpist, from Amorgos, Cyclades. Latter part of the 3rd millennium BCE

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East wing 'palace' complex, Knossos, Crete

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The “Queen’s Megaron,” from Knossos, Crete. ca. 1700–1300 BCE

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Spring Fresco, from Akrotiri, Thera ca. 1600-1500 BCE

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Octopus Vase, from Palaikastro, Crete. ca. 1500 BCE
Amphora

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Toreador Fresco, from 'palace' complex, Knossos, Crete, ca. 1550 - 1450 BCE
Stucco

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The Lion Gate at Mycenae, Greece. ca. 1250 BCE

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Treasury of Atreus, Greece, ca. 1300 - 1250 BCE

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Mask of Agamemnon, Grave Circle A, Mycenae, Greece, ca. 1600 - 1500 BCE

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Attic White-ground Alabastron; Unknown; Athens, Greece; about 480 B.C.; terracotta; 14.5 cm (J. Paul Getty Museum)

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Dipylon Vase, from the Dipylon Cemetery, Athens. ca. 750 BCE

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New York Kouros (Youth). ca. 600–590 BCE

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Doryphoros (Spear Bearer), copy of an original by Polykleitos. ca. 450-440 BCE

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Iktinos and Kallikrates. The Parthenon. Akropolis, Athens. 447–432 BCE

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Laocoön, 1st century CE

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Reconstruction of an Etruscan Temple of the 6th century according to Vitruvius (photo: Steven Zucker, CC BY-NC-SA 2.0)

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Fibula, from Regolini-Galassi Tomb, Cerveteri. ca. 670–650

BCE

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Burial chamber, Tomb of the Reliefs, Cerveteri. 3rd century

BCE

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Tomb of Hunting and Fishing, Tarquinia. ca. 530–520 BCE

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Sarcophagus, from Cerveteri. ca. 520 BCE

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Charun and Vanth from Tomb, Tarquinia. 3rd century BCE

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Reconstruction of an Etruscan temple, as described by Vitruvius

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Vulca of Veii (?). Aplu (Apollo), from Veii. ca. 510 BCE

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Pair of Centaurs Fighting Cats of Prey from Hadrian's Villa, mosaic, c. 130 C.E. (Altes Museum, Berlin)

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Colosseum, Rome. 72–80 CE

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Pantheon, Rome. 117–25 CE

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Portrait of Constantine the Great. Early 4th century CE (Late Empire Period)

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Judgment of Pilate, Sarcophagus of Junius Bassus, 359 C.E., marble, (Treasury of St. Peter's Basilica)

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Sarcophagus of Junius Bassus. ca. 359 CE

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Virgin (Theotokos) and Child between Saints Theodore and George, sixth or early seventh century, encaustic on wood, 2' 3" x 1' 7 3/8" (St. Catherine's Monastery, Sinai, Egypt; photo: NBS, public domain)

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San Vitale, Ravenna, Italy. 526–47 CE

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Hagia Sophia, Istanbul, Turkey. 532–37 CE

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View of the minarets of the Blue Mosque, Istanbul. Image credit: Graham Bould

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Great Mosque of Córdoba, Spain

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Taj Mahal, Agra, India. ca. 1650

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Mosaic in the apse of the Basilica of Sant'Apollinare in Classe, 6th century (Ravenna, Italy)

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Purse cover, from the Sutton Hoo ship burial. First half of 7th century (Anglo-Saxon)

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Cross page, from the Lindisfarne Gospels. ca. 700 (Hiberno-Saxon)

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Chi Ro Iota page, from the Book of Matthew, Book of Kells, ca. 800

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Stavelot Triptych, c. 1156-8, gold and enamel, 48 x 66 cm open (The Morgan Library and Museum)

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Cathedral of Santiago de Compostela, Spain. ca. 1075–1120

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Last Judgment portal by Gislebertus, cathedral of Saint-Lazare, Autun, France. ca. 1120-35

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Bayeux Tapestry. ca. 1066–83

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Bonaventura Berlinghieri, Altarpiece of St. Francis, c. 1235 (Church of San Francesco, Pescia, Italy)

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Cathedral of Notre-Dame, Chartres, France. ca. 1145–1220 (outside, inside, plan, portal and

jamb sculptures, stained glass windows)

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Roettgen Pietà. Early 14th century

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Fresco cycle by Giotto, Arena (Scrovegni) Chapel, Padua, c. 1305 (photo: Steven Zucker, CC BY-NC-SA 2.0)

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Arena (Scrovegni) Chapel, Padua. 1305–06 (and fresco paintings by Giotto)

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Jan van Eyck, The Virgin of Chancellor Rolin, oil on panel, c. 1430-35, 66 x 62 cm (Louvre)

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The Wilton Diptych. ca. 1400

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Jan van Eyck. The “Arnolfini Portrait.” 1434