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The history of the Capitoline Museums started when Pope Sixtus IV decided to bring an end to the pillage of antiques in Rome. In addition to prohibiting exportation of items, in 1471 he created a museum to preserve the city's archaeological heritage. It was later developed by Pope Clement XII in 1734 as what it is better known as today.

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The Vatican, Open to the public in 1771 by Pope Clement XVI

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Frescoes, works of art, mosaics, figures and sculptures of endless magnificence made by incredible artisans and acquired by the popes throughout time, are displayed within 54 exhibition halls and 70,000 works, of which just 20,000 publicly presented, is spread throughout 1400 rooms.. This legacy was made conceivable through the collection of works from the Renaissance up to the 20th century.

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Not intended to be an art museum but a place for French Monarchy as well as a display of the kings lavish wealth and possessions, it has become home to some of the most valuable pieces of art in history and became a cornerstone of the French Revolution as well as modern day art museums, it is the most visited art museum in the world today.

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John Constable, The Hay Wain, 1821, The National Gallery

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In nineteenth century Paris, the public saw new works of art at yearly Salon exhibitions. Members of Jury chose works painted their peers for the exhibits, and those works soon became authoritative criteria for artistic trends. Paintings of historical events were thought to be the most prestigious, then portraits, landscapes, genre scenes, and still lifes.

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 Ole Worm’s cabinet of curiosities, from Museum Wormianum, 1655 (Smithsonian Libraries). Ole Worm was a Danish physician and natural historian. 

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The closest thing to a "museum" in early modern Europe was Wunderkammern, or "cabinets of wonders", created by inquisitive nobles, wealthy merchants, and scholars. Approaching when Europe was extending its hand to “new” land and cultures, Wunderkammern was a place to come together and interpret/ show off the riches of the world.

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The Zoological Gallery in the British Museum, c. 1845, engraving (The Wellcome Collection, CC BY 4.0)

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The British Museum showcases the idea of the Enlightenment movement. Created in 1750 as a gift to Britain, its main collection consisted of objects he acquired as a medical doctor in the West Indian colonies as well as objects he purchased from other explorers

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Wadsworth Atheneum Museum of Art, Founded in 1844 by Daniel Wadsworth

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The Wadsworth Museum located in Hartford CT is the United States' first art museum. The Wadsworth Atheneum has orchestrated a way for encyclopedic museums across the country. Showcasing intriguing and innovative exhibits that analyze all time periods of art history while constantly being at the cutting edge of obtaining works by artists such as Caravaggio, Frederic Church, Salvador Dalí, etc.

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The Metropolitan Museum of Art, Founded in 1870

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The Metropolitan Museum of Art's early background dates back to 1866 in Paris, France, when a group of ambitious Americans decided to develop a "national institution and gallery of art" to bring art and education to America. Today it is the United States most visited art museum, as well as the center to one of the largest Fashion and Fundraising events, the Met Gala.

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The Carnegie International Museum of Art, Founded in 1895 by Andrew Carnegie

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Most art museums established during the turn of the century directed their focus to collections of notorious artists, Andrew Carnegie proposed a museum consisting of the “Old Masters of tomorrow.” In 1896, he created a series of exhibits comprised of contemporary art and suggested the idea that the museum’s paintings collection be formed through purchases from this series. Carnegie, founded what is agreeably the first museum of modern art in the United States.

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The Van Gogh Museum, Founded by Vincent Willem Van Gogh (Van Gogh's nephew in 1970)

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This museum showcases a permanent collection by one of the world's most famous and most troubled artists Vincent Van Gogh. In addition to works by Van Gogh, the museum's permanent collection also contains paintings by the artist's contemporaries, notably those associated with Impressionism, Post-impressionism in France and Holland, Pointillism, and stages exhibitions on various aspects of 19th Century art history.