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DNA- Double helix strands that store and use information relative to a specific trait.

X-Chromosome- a sex-linked chromosome in both males and female as to which the female possesses two and the male possess one.

Sex-linked traits-  Because males only have one x-chromosome they are more likely to show recessive traits such as color blindness which is linked to the x-chromosome.

Restriction Enzymes- Each enzyme only works with a specific strand of DNA.

Gel Electrophoresis- Used to separate DNA fragments after restriction enzymes

Shotgun Sequencing- Used by researchers to cut DNA into random fragments, and determine base sequences in each fragment.

Human Genome Project- A study to determine the sequences of the entire human genome

SNP- Single Nucleotide Polymorphism is a 1 in 1200 chance as to which a base will not match others.

Pedigree- A model design used to determine the percentage of a result between parents that pass traits to the offspring

Nondisjunction- the failure of one or more pairs of homologous chromosomes or sister chromatids to separate normally during nuclear division, usually resulting in an abnormal distribution of chromosomes in the daughter nuclei.

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Colorblindness is most common in males as it is linked to the X-chromosome

Nucleotides in DNA are made up of nitrogen bases

Pedigree's cover multiple generations and help determine whether or not a certain trait is dominant or recessive in a family

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https://youtu.be/CBezq1fFUEA

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What was the overall goal of the Human Genome Project? To sequence all of the human genome completely

When analyzing gel electrophoresis, what are you looking for? You are looking lines in the sequences that are similar.

What is gel electrophoresis used for? Gel Electrophoresis is separated DNA fragments

Explain why it is more common for men to be color blind than women. The colroblind trait is linked to the x-chromosome, with this males only posses one x-chromosome so if that x-chromosome has the trait they do as well.

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In the real world human heredity plays a major role in the understanding of human life. It allows for researchers to understand how traits move tgrough the human genome and allows us to further unlock the sequencing for genomes that can allow for great advancments.