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I went to the Lancaster by plane from Beijing to Manchester,It was my first time abroad without my parents and my girl friend.These days,I learn lots of culture about England,Such as Bratain have four countries(Scoutland whales England Nothern Ireland).I also make some new friend, they all come from China, but our home town are from different cities. In addition, We went the town to buy some daily necessities.The Lancaster town have plenty of older architectures. They are so beautiful. But I think the necessities in Britain is more expensive than China.We went to seaside in the evening.There are lots of kind people.They all really nice.What’s more, I also acknowledge a new tutor. He called Robert. He is an interesting and handsome man. His class make me feel so happy. I think we will have lots of good memories in the future.I also met some difficulties.Such as the language and payment. This is a chance to improve myself and I will try my best overcome them. That’s my all blog.

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I read an article about the pyramid's secret tunnel. The scientists made an astonishing discovery when they found a tunnel. Measured at approximately nine metres in length and more than two metres in width, it holds great significance. It not only showcases numerous historical elements and reveals many facts about Khufu but also employs a cutting-edge new technology - 3D reconstruction. These findings are of paramount importance and serve as a solid foundation for future exploration. They offer new perspectives and possibilities, enabling us to delve deeper into the mysteries of the past and unlock more hidden secrets.In my opinion,finding a new tunnel is a important exploration to all over the word.It can let modern people know more about ancient civilizations.The ancient agriculture have a great reaserch value to us.We also can acknowledge the old chamber of king Khufu.I think it is a time problem to solve that how the Egyptians built the pyramids

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Revealed

显示（translation）

Showed（defination）

Verb(type of word)

Reveal(related word)

Reveal all(collocations)

The spreadsheet reveal all the data（example in setence）

Artefacts

人工制品（translation）

Manmade（defination）

noun(type of word)

artefact(related word)

Artifact(collocations)

There is the difference between art and artefact（example in setence）

Contrast

对比（translation）

Be different（defination）

Noun,verb(type of word)

Countrats,contrasting(related word)

Contrast analysis(collocations)

And I have given the contrast analysis of the competitiveness of them.（example in setence）

Digging

挖（translation）

Excavacation（defination）

noun(type of word)

Dig ,dug(related word)

Digging up(collocations)

The digging had left a network of abandoned mines and tunnels.（example in setence）

Collaboration

协作（translation）

Co-operate（defination）

Noun(type of word)

Collaborate collaborative(related word)

In collaboration with(collocations)

She wrote the book in collaboration with one of her students.（exam in sentence）

Utilised

已使用（translation）

Use（defination）

Verb(type of word)

Ultilise(related word)

Capacity utilised(collocations)

Today however this seems to be slowly becoming a distant memory as the excess electricity capacity has been fully utilised.（exam in sentence）

Thermography

热成像（translation）

Record the heat produced by different parts of body（defination）

noun(type of word)

Thermometric thermometer(related word)

thermography(collocations)

They also describe maintenance techniques such as thermography.（exam in sentence）

Investigation

调查（translation）

research（defination）

noun(type of word)

Investigative investigatory invastigate(related word)

Field investigation(collocations)

Field investigation of this family cluster is under way.（exam in sentence）

Manner

方式（translation）

Way of（defination）

noun(type of word)

Mannered mannerism(related word)

Manner of(collocations)

Production pattern is a manner of an organization how to deloy all sources .（exam in sentence）

Vacant

空闲的（translation）

empty（defination）

adjective(type of word)

Vacantly vacancy(related word)

Vacant space(collocations)

There is a vacant space in the parking lot for you to park your car .（exam in sentence）

Burial

埋葬（translation）

interment（defination）

Noun adjective(type of word)

Buried burying (related word)

Burial ground(collocations)

There has a natural-burial ground .（exam in sentence）

Traumatic

创伤的(translation）

Psychologically painful（defination）

adjective(type of word)

Trauma traumatize (related word)

Traumatic experience(collocations)

I have a traumatic experience in my childhood .（exam in sentence）

Stereotype

刻板印象(translation）

conventionality（defination）

Noun,verb(type of word)

Stereotyped sterilize(related word)

Stereotype about(collocations)

There is always been a stereotype about successful busienessman .（exam in sentence）

Demeanour

行为举止(translation）

behavior（defination）

Noun(type of word)

demenor(related word)

Elegant demeanour(collocations)

She walk into the room with an wlwgant demenour .（exam in sentence）

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Yesterday,The Lancaster University organized us to go to the Lake District.It was really amazing trip.First,we went to the Windermere by bus about an hour.The weather was pretty good.When i got to the destination.The beautiful scene is too beautiful to I can’t believe it.There have lots of goose and duck and they don’t afraid of human beings.They all really lovely.Then we took a ship to see the scenery in the lake.The breeze blew through my face,and some rain fall on my clothes.At this moment,my spirit had been perfectly released.In addition,we went to a village.The village located in a hill.I found a fish and chips restaurant.I know that it was really famous in Britain.In my opinion it was really yummy and I ate a lot.It was a memorable day for me.In the end, We take the coach to our university,It was a busy day for me.I was really tired and sleep an hour on the coach.I also edit the video at night.It was really interesting. That’s all.

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This week I read an article about why does new music sound old.The author said a quarter of the UK’s top 40 hits actually used past songs to create new ones,he called that sampling.In the word,the author make some examples about own generations.he said people attached more memories to songs from their teenage year.The reason why sampling is so popular is that some company want to earn more money,They buy some famous singer’s songs so that they can use them.such as the Hignosis obtained the rights to Justin Bieber’s songs.Music critic Jayson Greene think that if the company refuse to share resource,continue make independent musicians from sampling songs.the musicians will have less and less creativity.But most of people like the sampling,and the creative songs is really hard to get into the top 40 chart.The author in the last paragraph said that people hearing the same tunes maybe will feel them boring,that time is the original compositors maybe popular with people.

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1.Sampling

取样(translation)

Take a samples(definition)

Noun(type of word)

Sample(related word)

Sampling method(collocation)

To explore the sampling method of telephone survey(example in sentence)

2.Catelogue

目录(translation)

List(definition)

Noun,verb(type of word)

Catalogues catalog(related word)

Card catalogue(collocation)

This is a card catalogue(example in sentence)

3.Obtain

获得(translation)

Pick up(definition)

Verb(type of word)

Obtainable,obtainment(related word)

Obtain evidence(collocation)

The police need to obtain evidence to prove the suspect(example in sentence).

4.Prevalence

流行(translation)

Popularity(definition)

Noun(type of word)

Prevalent(related word)

Prevalance rate(collocation)

The prevalance rate of diabetes has been increasing in recent years(example in sentence).

5.Fertility

肥沃(translation)

Productivity(definition)

Noun(type of word)

Fertile fertilize(related word)

Soil fertility(collocation)

Farmers can improve soil fertility by adding some organic matter to the soil.

6.Salient

突出的(translation)

Obvious(definition)

Adjective(type of word)

Salience(related word)

Salient features(collocation)

The salient features of this new product are its versatility(example in sentence)

7.Intense

强烈的(translation)

Sharp(definition)

Adjective(type of word)

Intensive intensely intensity(related word)

Intense emotion(collocation)

She experienced intense emotion when he received a news.(example in sentence)

8.Immune

免疫的(translation)

Exnonerative(definition)

Adjective noun(type of words)

Immunized immunochemical immunity(related word)

Immune system(collocation)

A strong immune system can help you fight off infections and diseases(example in sentence)

9.Exacerbate

使恶化(translation)

Worsen(defination)

Verb(type of word)

Exacerbation(related word)

The laws exacerbate the problem(example of sentence)

10.Obsession

痴迷(translation)

Compulsion(defination)

Noun(type of word)

Obesessive obsessional(related word)

The unturored mathematician had an obsession with numbers(example in sentence).

11.Tackling

装备(translation)

Harness(defination)

Noun verb(type of word)

Tackle(related word)

Tacle box(collocation)

He opened the tackle box(example in sentence)

12.Cynicism

愤世嫉俗(translation)

Misanthropy(defination)

Noun(type of word)

Cynic cynical(related word)

He was dismayed at the cynicism of the youngsters.(example in sentence)

13.Toxic

有毒的(translation)

Posonous(defination)

Adjective noun(type of word)

Toxicant toxicologic toxicant(related word)

Toxic gas(collocation)

Contact with acids liberates toxic gas.(example in sentence)

14.Fatigue

疲倦(translation)

Tire(defination)

Noun verb(type of word)

Fatigued(related word)

Fatigue life(collocation)

The fatigue life of the metal component is an important factor to consider in the design.(example in sentence)

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I read a report about French town ban the phone scrolling.It said about a French village which set a new ban to use the smartphones.because they worried about the effect of smartphones on human relationship.They banned from scrolling on their mobile phone in public areas.If somebody violate the regulation.These place can choose not to serve them.They must find other people to help them find direction instead of using digital maps.The police said that it was difficult to execute the legal.The town’s mayor claim that we want to let people put down their phone and enjoy the communication face to face.There were also some parents said that lots of children and adults are addicted to screens.It also have some teenager said we should not forbid studying in the computer or phones.Some research showed that if we spend a lot of time on screens,we may have some issues about eye or back muscle tiredness.In the end,we don’t know whether smartphone have some bad  effect in our daily social relationship.

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1.Skyscraper

摩天大楼 (translation)

A very tall building (definition)

Noun (type of word)

Building (related word)

Tall skyscraper (collocations)

Modern skyscraper

Skyscraper construction

Iconic skyscraper

The city is known for its numerous skyscrapers. (example in a sentence)

2.Hesitancy

犹豫 (translation)

The quality or state of being hesitant (definition)

Noun (type of word)

Hesitate (related word)

Hesitancy in (collocations)

Hesitancy about

Hesitancy to act

Vaccine hesitancy

She showed hesitancy in making the final decision. (example in a sentence)

3.Irrigation

灌溉 (translation)

The supply of water to land or crops to help growth (definition)

Noun (type of word)

Irrigate (related word)

Irrigation system (collocations)

Irrigation canal

Drip irrigation

Efficient irrigation

The irrigation system helped the crops thrive. (example in a sentence)

4.Prospect

前景 (translation)

The possibility or likelihood of some future event occurring (definition)

Noun (type of word)

Prospective (related word)

Bright prospect (collocations)

Career prospect

Investment prospect

Future prospect

The prospect of a promotion excited her. (example in a sentence)

5.Homogenous

同质的 (translation)

Of the same kind; alike (definition)

Adjective (type of word)

Homogeneity (related word)

Homogenous group (collocations)

Homogenous mixture

Homogenous population

Homogenous society

The village had a homogenous culture. (example in a sentence)

6.Reversal

逆转 (translation)

A change to an opposite direction, position, or course of action (definition)

Noun (type of word)

Reverse (related word)

Policy reversal (collocations)

Sudden reversal

Reversal of fortune

Complete reversal

The decision marked a significant policy reversal. (example in a sentence)

7.Indigenous

本土的 (translation)

Originating or occurring naturally in a particular place; native (definition)

Adjective (type of word)

Indigenously (related word)

Indigenous people (collocations)

Indigenous culture

Indigenous species

Indigenous community

The festival celebrates the indigenous culture of the region. (exam in a sentence)

8.Tribes

部落 (translation)

A social division in a traditional society consisting of families or communities linked by social, economic, religious, or blood ties (definition)

Noun (type of word)

Tribal (related word)

Native tribes (collocations)

Tribal customs

Indigenous tribes

Ancient tribes

The tribes have lived in this region for centuries. (example in a sentence)

9.Democracy

民主 (translation)

A system of government by the whole population, typically through elected representatives (definition)

Noun (type of word)

Democratic (related word)

Representative democracy (collocations)

Democracy in action

Democracy movement

Liberal democracy

The country transitioned to a democracy in the late 20th century. (example in a sentence)

10.Rural

农村的 (translation)

In, relating to, or characteristic of the countryside rather than the town (definition)

Adjective (type of word)

Rurality (related word)

Rural area (collocations)

Rural community

Rural life

Rural development

She prefers the tranquility of rural living. (example in a sentence)

11.Scrolling

滚动 (translation)

Move displayed text or graphics in a particular direction on a screen in order to view different parts of them (definition)

Verb (type of word)

Scroll (related word)

Scrolling through (collocations)

Scrolling down

Scrolling up

Continuous scrolling

He spent hours scrolling through social media feeds. (example in a sentence)

12.Mobility

流动性 (translation)

The ability to move or be moved freely and easily (definition)

Noun (type of word)

Mobile (related word)

Social mobility (collocations)

Upward mobility

Mobility aid

Geographic mobility

Economic policies can impact social mobility. (example in a sentence)

13.Adolescent

青少年 (translation)

A young person in the process of developing from a child into an adult (definition)

Noun/Adjective (type of word)

Adolescence (related word)

Adolescent behavior (collocations)

Adolescent development

Adolescent health

Adolescent years

Adolescent challenges often include identity exploration. (example in a sentence)

14.Mayor

市长 (translation)

The elected head of a city, town, or other municipality (definition)

Noun (type of word)

Mayoral (related word)

City mayor (collocations)

Mayor election

Mayor's office

Deputy mayor

The mayor announced new policies for urban development. (example in a sentence)

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In this week,we learn a lot of things in our pre-sessesional English.We study how to summarize the article and how to quote the other’s essay.It’s important for us to finish our essay.We always do some reading in our classroom.We need to find some key words and answer some question to acknowledge the author’s subject.It is difficult for me to read articles with many strange words.But it also improve my vocabulary.We also distinguish the plagiarism paraphrase.It is a serious things for us to plagiarism.We must try our best to finish the essay or some work.Every week we all need to write the profile.I also write some new words in my vocabulary summarize.It also have the blog and summarize,they all can improve my English.What’s more,I must finish my PPT about my major.Because we need to have a presentation in the week7.I had better to finish this task and tell it in an orderly way.

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Hello Bob,

You're writing has an energetic feel, which is attractive to read. The News Summaries make interesting observations and the range of language and grammar are of a promising standard. Well done for keeping up to date with the portfolio. Here are some areas to note for next time: 1. Punctuation - there is always a space after a punctuation mark such as a comma, full stop or question mark. 2. Please name/title the week's entry as Week 4, Week 5 etc. so that it's clear. 3. Going forward, please try the vocabulary given in the Weekly Round-up, as this is focused on our academic needs that will be helpful for the exams etc. Finally, Bob, thank you for the positive contributions and effort you make in class. Robert

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1.Excessive

过度的；过分的（translation）

More than is necessary, normal, or desirable; immoderate (definition)

Adjective (type of word)

Excess (related word)

Excessive consumption (collocations)

The doctor warned him about the dangers of excessive drinking. (example in sentence)

2.Circuitry

电路系统；线路（translation）

The detailed arrangement of an electrical circuit or system (definition)

Noun (type of word)

Circuit (related word)

Complex circuitry (collocations)

The device malfunctioned due to a fault in the circuitry. (example in sentence)

3.Cascade

瀑布；一连串的（translation）

A process whereby something, typically information or effects, is passed on in stages (definition)

Noun/Verb (type of word)

Cascading (related word)

Cascade of events (collocations)

The announcement triggered a cascade of reactions from the public. (example in sentence)

4.Neurological

神经学的；神经系统的（translation）

Relating to the anatomy, functions, and disorders of nerves and the nervous system (definition)

Adjective (type of word)

Neurology (related word)

Neurological disorder (collocations)

The patient was diagnosed with a rare neurological disease. (example in sentence)

5.Versus

对抗；相对（translation）

Against (especially in sports or legal contexts); as opposed to (definition)

Preposition (type of word)

Versus (related word)

Man versus machine (collocations)

The case of state versus defendant was highly publicized. (example in sentence)

6.Vibrational

振动的；震动的（translation）

Relating to or involving vibrations (definition)

Adjective (type of word)

Vibration (related word)

Vibrational frequency (collocations)

The vibrational energy of the machine caused a loud noise. (example in sentence)

7.Impulse

冲动；脉冲（translation）

A sudden strong and unreflective urge or desire to act; a driving or motivating force (definition)

Noun (type of word)

Impulsive (related word)

Nervous impulse (collocations)

She felt an impulse to run as fast as she could. (example in sentence)

8.Somatic

躯体的；身体的（translation）

Relating to the body, especially as distinct from the mind (definition)

Adjective (type of word)

Somatization (related word)

Somatic symptoms (collocations)

The patient complained of somatic pain in the lower back. (example in sentence)

9.Glucose

葡萄糖（translation）

A simple sugar that is an important energy source in living organisms (definition)

Noun (type of word)

Glucogenic (related word)

Blood glucose level (collocations)

The doctor measured her blood glucose levels to monitor her diabetes. (example in sentence)

10.Emission

排放；散发（translation）

The production and discharge of something, especially gas or radiation (definition)

Noun (type of word)

Emit (related word)

Carbon emission (collocations)

The factory was fined for its excessive emission of pollutants. (example in sentence)

11.Peripheral

外围的；边缘的（translation）

Relating to or situated on the edge or periphery of something (definition)

Adjective/Noun (type of word)

Periphery (related word)

Peripheral vision (collocations)

The peripheral areas of the city are less developed. (example in sentence)

12.Vigilance

警觉；警惕（translation）

The action or state of keeping careful watch for possible danger or difficulties (definition)

Noun (type of word)

Vigilant (related word)

High vigilance (collocations)

Constant vigilance is required to prevent accidents in this area. (example in sentence)

13.Intermittent

间歇的；断断续续的（translation）

Occurring at irregular intervals; not continuous or steady (definition)

Adjective (type of word)

Intermittence (related word)

Intermittent rain (collocations)

The intermittent noise made it hard to concentrate. (example in sentence)

14.Exposure

暴露；接触（translation）

The state of being exposed to contact with something (definition)

Noun (type of word)

Expose (related word)

Prolonged exposure (collocations)

Prolonged exposure to the sun can damage your skin. (example in sentence)

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In this week,I read an article about plastic found in clouds.The scientist identified microplastic in cloud samples from Mount Fuji.They are 9 different plastic polymers.Research has established the microplastics are present in ocean.Microplastics are defined as plastics that measure less than 5 millimeters,and some researchers identified 6.7 to 13.9 pieces of microplastic per liter of cloud mist.The microplastics are more affected by the sun’s UV light.This causes them to release greenhouse gases,When it rains,some microplastics fall to Eattrth and enter our food and water.It will consume by humans or animals and it can find in people’s heart,brains,lungs and blood.The microplastic maybe lead to cancer adn digestion problems in humans.We can’t find that what causes plastic air pollution.Maybe some potential sources include industrial sprays,ocean waves and dust.Although the plastics have improved our lives,they also can damage our environment.Some scientists encourage people to take action to limit use them.

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In this week we learned a lot in our class.What impressed me most was this week’s exam.We took the exam in Tuesday about listening and reading.In my opinion,the reading is easier than ielts.The reading exam is that we should finish two readings in one and half hours.It contains selection,fill-in-the-blank and summary questions.The next part is listening,to be honest it is really hard for me. It had two section.The first one was selection.It gave us some dialogue and then we should choice the true answer,the talking speed is so fast so that I can’t catch the key words.Another section is like a comprehensive question.We should make some notes when we listening the article for the first time,the article will play it twice.The second time we received the exam questions.It had lots of questions for us.It was not until that moment that I realized why I need to take notes.I know that I got a poor mark in the exam.In the end,I must try myself to work hard to get a perfect marks.

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1.Absence

Translation: 缺席；缺乏

Definition: The state of being away or not present; lack of something.

Type of Word: Noun

Related Word: Absent

Collocations: Absence of mind

Example in Sentence: His absence from the meeting was noticed by everyone.

2.Abstract

Translation: 抽象的；摘要

Definition: Existing in thought or as an idea but not having a physical or concrete existence; a summary of a text, scientific article, document, speech, etc.

Type of Word: Adjective/Noun

Related Word: Abstraction

Collocations: Abstract concept, abstract art

Example in Sentence: The painting was very abstract, leaving much to the viewer’s interpretation.

3.Aesthetics

Translation: 美学；审美观

Definition: A set of principles concerned with the nature and appreciation of beauty.

Type of Word: Noun

Related Word: Aesthetic

Collocations: Aesthetics of design

Example in Sentence: The aesthetics of the building reflect a modern design philosophy.

4.Ambiguous

Translation: 模棱两可的；含糊不清的

Definition: Open to more than one interpretation; having a double meaning.

Type of Word: Adjective

Related Word: Ambiguity

Collocations: Ambiguous statement

Example in Sentence: The instructions were so ambiguous that we didn’t know what to do.

5.Concept

Translation: 概念；观念

Definition: An abstract idea or a general notion.

Type of Word: Noun

Related Word: Conceptual

Collocations: Concept development

Example in Sentence: The concept of time travel has fascinated scientists and writers for centuries.

6.Ego

Translation: 自我；自尊心

Definition: A person's sense of self-esteem or self-importance.

Type of Word: Noun

Related Word: Egotism

Collocations: Strong ego

Example in Sentence: His ego was bruised when he didn’t get the promotion he expected.

7.Hypnotism

Translation: 催眠术

Definition: The practice of inducing a state of hypnosis.

Type of Word: Noun

Related Word: Hypnosis

Collocations: Clinical hypnotism

Example in Sentence: Hypnotism is often used as a therapy for overcoming fears and phobias.

8.Illusion

Translation: 幻觉；错觉

Definition: A thing that is or is likely to be wrongly perceived or interpreted by the senses.

Type of Word: Noun

Related Word: Illusory

Collocations: Optical illusion

Example in Sentence: The magician created the illusion of a floating woman.

9.Resemblance

Translation: 相似；相貌相似

Definition: The state of resembling or being alike.

Type of Word: Noun

Related Word: Resemble

Collocations: Family resemblance

Example in Sentence: There is a strong resemblance between the two brothers.

10.Perception

Translation: 感知；认识

Definition: The ability to see, hear, or become aware of something through the senses; a way of regarding, understanding, or interpreting something.

Type of Word: Noun

Related Word: Perceptive

Collocations: Perception of reality

Example in Sentence: His perception of the event was very different from mine.

11.Signified

Translation: 所指；符号所指的事物

Definition: The meaning or idea expressed by a sign, as distinct from the physical form in which it is expressed (the signifier).

Type of Word: Noun

Related Word: Signify

Collocations: Signified meaning

Example in Sentence: In linguistics, the signified is the concept or idea that a word represents.

12.Unconscious

Translation: 无意识的；昏迷的

Definition: Not awake and aware of and responding to one's environment; done or existing without one realizing.

Type of Word: Adjective

Related Word: Unconsciousness

Collocations: Unconscious mind

Example in Sentence: He was knocked unconscious after the fall.

13.Visible

Translation: 可见的；明显的

Definition: Able to be seen; perceptible by the eye.

Type of Word: Adjective

Related Word: Visibility

Collocations: Visible spectrum

Example in Sentence: The mountain was visible from miles away.

14. Obsolete

Translation: 过时的；淘汰的

Definition: No longer produced or used; out of date.

Type of Word: Adjective

Related Word: Obsolescence

Collocations: Obsolete technology, obsolete equipment

Example in Sentence: With the rapid advancement of technology, many gadgets quickly become obsolete.

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In this week,I read an article about the lie detection.They created a new technolog to determine if some one lying.It have two types of liar:those who move their eyebrows involuntarily when they tell an untruth,the other one is making a barely perceptible lip movement.The software’s algorithm currently detects 73 percent of lies, with plans for further development. Hanein explains that lying often involves attempting to suppress physical reactions, but Levy notes that their technology makes this very difficult.The early methods was taking the form of polygraph tests.It will monitor breathing rate,pulse,blood pressure and perspiration as they are questioned.The Tel Aviv team envisions replacing sensors with video cameras and software capable of detecting lies from a distance. Levy predicts this technology could be used in various settings, such as banks, airports, police interrogations, and online job interviews, to distinguish between truthful statements and lies.

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With the development of society and technology, loneliness has become an increasingly common issue for many people. Despite being more connected than ever through social media and other digital platforms, many still find themselves feeling alone. In my opinion, this is a serious problem, and I would like to explore the reasons for this issue by examining three key factors: gender, culture, and age.

First, gender plays a significant role in how people experience loneliness. It is often debated whether men or women feel lonelier. single men tend to experience higher levels of loneliness compared to single women(Vassia Sarantopoulou,2022). One reason for this could be that men are generally more inclined to deal with their emotions on their own. Society often expects men to be self-reliant and not show vulnerability, which can lead them to internalize their feelings of loneliness rather than seeking support. On the other hand, women are often more likely to turn to friends or small groups for emotional support, which can help alleviate feelings of loneliness.

The second factor is culture. Cultural differences significantly influence how individuals experience and respond to loneliness. In some cultures, there is a strong emphasis on community and social connections, which can help reduce feelings of loneliness. In contrast, cultures that prioritize individualism may lead to greater isolation when social bonds are weak. Manuela Barreto  highlights that cultural differences can affect how people interpret and manage loneliness（Manuela Barreto,2020). For instance, in some cultures, loneliness may be openly discussed and addressed,  it might be seen as a personal failure, leading individuals to hide their feelings and suffer in silence.

Lastly, age is another important factor that affects loneliness. younger adults report experiencing loneliness more frequently than older adults(Dani Evans,2018) This may be due to the unique challenges younger people face, such as finding their identity, building careers, and establishing relationships. These challenges can create feelings of uncertainty and isolation, leading to increased loneliness.

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1.Cornerstone

Translation: 基石；基础

Definition: An important quality or feature on which a particular thing depends or is based.

Type of Word: Noun

Related Word: Foundation

Collocations: Cornerstone of democracy

Example in Sentence: Trust is the cornerstone of any successful relationship.

2.Shove

Translation: 推；猛推

Definition: To push someone or something forcefully.

Type of Word: Verb

Related Word: Push

Collocations: Shove aside

Example in Sentence: He shoved the door open and walked in angrily.

3.Doze

Translation: 打瞌睡；小睡

Definition: Sleep lightly or briefly, especially during the daytime.

Type of Word: Verb/Noun

Related Word: Nap

Collocations: Doze off

Example in Sentence: She dozed off during the movie.

4.Scrap

Translation: 碎片；废料；废弃

Definition: A small piece or amount of something, especially one that is left over after the greater part has been used.

Type of Word: Noun/Verb

Related Word: Fragment

Collocations: Scrap of paper, scrap metal

Example in Sentence: He wrote the address on a scrap of paper.

5.Cork

Translation: 软木塞；软木

Definition: A buoyant material obtained from the outer layer of the cork oak, used especially for bottle stoppers.

Type of Word: Noun/Verb

Related Word: Stopper

Collocations: Cork screw, cork the bottle

Example in Sentence: He used a cork to seal the wine bottle.

6.Secular

Translation: 世俗的；非宗教的

Definition: Denoting attitudes, activities, or other things that have no religious or spiritual basis.

Type of Word: Adjective

Related Word: Secularism

Collocations: Secular society

Example in Sentence: The country has a secular government, separate from religious institutions.

7.Deport

Translation: 驱逐出境

Definition: Expel a foreigner from a country, typically on the grounds of illegal status or for having committed a crime.

Type of Word: Verb

Related Word: Deportation

Collocations: Deport illegal immigrants

Example in Sentence: The government decided to deport the individual after discovering his visa had expired.

8.Colonel

Translation: 上校

Definition: A senior military officer rank below brigadier and above lieutenant colonel.

Type of Word: Noun

Related Word: Military

Collocations: Army colonel

Example in Sentence: The colonel led his troops with great skill and bravery.

9.Astray

Translation: 迷路；误入歧途

Definition: Away from the correct path or direction.

Type of Word: Adverb/Adjective

Related Word: Lost

Collocations: Go astray

Example in Sentence: The documents went astray during the move.

10.Squad

Translation: 小队；班

Definition: A small group of people having a particular task or assigned to a specific mission.

Type of Word: Noun

Related Word: Team

Collocations: Police squad, squad leader

Example in Sentence: The squad was ready for the upcoming mission.

11.Vulgar

Translation: 粗俗的；庸俗的

Definition: Lacking sophistication or good taste; unrefined.

Type of Word: Adjective

Related Word: Vulgarity

Collocations: Vulgar language

Example in Sentence: His jokes were considered vulgar by many in the audience.

12.Alienate

Translation: 疏远；离间

Definition: Cause someone to feel isolated or estranged.

Type of Word: Verb

Related Word: Alienation

Collocations: Alienate someone

Example in Sentence: His rude behavior alienated his friends.

13.Detach

Translation: 分离；拆卸

Definition: Disengage something or someone from something to which they are attached or connected.

Type of Word: Verb

Related Word: Detachment

Collocations: Detach from reality, detach the cable

Example in Sentence: He carefully detached the painting from the wall.

14.Grocery

Translation: 杂货店；食品杂货

Definition: A store that sells food and other household goods; items sold in such a store.

Type of Word: Noun

Related Word: Groceries

Collocations: Grocery shopping, grocery store

Example in Sentence: She went to the grocery store to buy some vegetables and milk.

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In 2023, AI (Artificial Intelligence) was selected as the word of the year due to its profound cultural, economic, and political impact. Developed since the 1950s, AI gained widespread attention with the launch of ChatGPT-4 in March 2023, a virtual assistant capable of creating a wide range of content, from stories to films, at incredible speed. This development sparked concerns, leading tech experts like Elon Musk to call for a pause in significant AI experiments, fearing unpredictable outcomes. AI-generated images also flooded social media, raising ethical issues as many artists objected to their work being used without consent, calling it a form of theft. Economically, AI poses a threat to jobs traditionally held by humans, such as journalists and market analysts, while some creative industries cautiously welcome it. Despite the controversy, AI's influence continues to grow, with even judges admitting to its use in legal decisions. The debate around AI reflects its undeniable and rapidly expanding role in modern society.

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In this week,we have done a lot of mock exams.I think the content of this exam is easier than the last one.The type of items in an examination paper is very interesting,the reading and listening test is smoothly and I finished them very fast.The most important problem is my writing exam.I must cite four articles in my essay and have a correct format.Because I forget some content about the article and I need to read them again.Our exam only two hours and I must write 600-800 words in my essay.To be honest,it is a difficult things foe me to finish it.In the first hour I spend too much time to reading the article which led me to write about 100 words.I saw that there was not much time left,so I began to write words crazily,but it is a pity that I didn’t finish 600 words in the end.It was a problem and I will put some energy into writing.

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1.Relentless

Translation: 无情的；不间断的

Definition: Unceasingly intense or harsh; persistent without giving up.

Type of Word: Adjective

Related Word: Relentlessness

Collocations: Relentless pursuit, relentless pressure

Example in Sentence: The team faced relentless challenges but continued to push forward.

2.Diminish

Translation: 减少；削弱

Definition: To make or become less; to reduce in size, importance, or intensity.

Type of Word: Verb

Related Word: Diminution

Collocations: Diminish in value, diminish the impact

Example in Sentence: His influence in the company has diminished over the years.

3.Viral

Translation: 病毒的；病毒式传播的

Definition: Relating to or caused by a virus; quickly and widely spread or popularized, especially on the internet.

Type of Word: Adjective

Related Word: Virus

Collocations: Viral video, viral infection

Example in Sentence: The video went viral within hours of being uploaded.

4.Unwind

Translation: 放松；解开

Definition: To relax after a period of work or tension; to undo or loosen from a coiled or twisted state.

Type of Word: Verb

Related Word: Relax

Collocations: Unwind after work, unwind the rope

Example in Sentence: She likes to unwind by reading a book at the end of the day.

5.Apathetic

Translation: 冷漠的；无动于衷的

Definition: Showing or feeling no interest, enthusiasm, or concern.

Type of Word: Adjective

Related Word: Apathy

Collocations: Apathetic attitude, politically apathetic

Example in Sentence: The students were apathetic about the upcoming elections.

6.Coronavirus

Translation: 冠状病毒

Definition: A large family of viruses that cause illnesses ranging from the common cold to more severe diseases like COVID-19.

Type of Word: Noun

Related Word: Virus

Collocations: Coronavirus outbreak, coronavirus symptoms

Example in Sentence: The coronavirus pandemic led to widespread lockdowns across the globe.

7.Pandemic

Translation: 大流行病

Definition: A disease prevalent over a whole country or the world.

Type of Word: Noun

Related Word: Epidemic

Collocations: Global pandemic, flu pandemic

Example in Sentence: The COVID-19 pandemic drastically changed the way people live and work.

8.Relocate

Translation: 重新安置；搬迁

Definition: To move to a new place, especially to move one's home or business.

Type of Word: Verb

Related Word: Relocation

Collocations: Relocate the office, relocate to another city

Example in Sentence: The company decided to relocate its headquarters to a more central location.

9.Resilient

Translation: 有弹性的；适应力强的

Definition: Able to withstand or recover quickly from difficult conditions.

Type of Word: Adjective

Related Word: Resilience

Collocations: Resilient material, emotionally resilient

Example in Sentence: The community was resilient in the face of the natural disaster.

10.Benevolent

Translation: 仁慈的；慈善的

Definition: Well-meaning and kindly; characterized by goodwill.

Type of Word: Adjective

Related Word: Benevolence

Collocations: Benevolent leader, benevolent act

Example in Sentence: The benevolent organization provided aid to those in need.

11.Persevere

Translation: 坚持；不屈不挠

Definition: To continue in a course of action even in the face of difficulty or with little or no prospect of success.

Type of Word: Verb

Related Word: Perseverance

Collocations: Persevere in the face of adversity, persevere through challenges

Example in Sentence: Despite the setbacks, she continued to persevere in her studies.

12.Imminent

Translation: 即将来临的；迫近的

Definition: About to happen; impending.

Type of Word: Adjective

Related Word: Imminence

Collocations: Imminent danger, imminent arrival

Example in Sentence: The storm's imminent arrival prompted residents to seek shelter.

13.Intricate

Translation: 复杂的；精细的

Definition: Very complicated or detailed.

Type of Word: Adjective

Related Word: Intricacy

Collocations: Intricate design, intricate pattern

Example in Sentence: The artist was known for his intricate and detailed work.

14.Comply

Translation: 遵守；顺从

Definition: To act in accordance with a wish or command.

Type of Word: Verb

Related Word: Compliance

Collocations: Comply with regulations, comply with the rules

Example in Sentence: The company must comply with the new environmental regulations.

15.mpartial

Translation: 公正的；不偏不倚的

Definition: Treating all rivals or disputants equally; fair and just.

Type of Word: Adjective

Related Word: Impartiality

Collocations: Impartial judge, impartial decision

Example in Sentence: The judge was praised for being impartial and fair in the trial.

16.Adversity

Translation: 逆境；不幸

Definition: A difficult or unpleasant situation.

Type of Word: Noun

Related Word: Adverse

Collocations: Overcome adversity, face adversity

Example in Sentence: She showed great strength in overcoming adversity during difficult times.

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In this week,I read an article about Chinese people putting rest first.It manily talk about Chinese people work so hard and they want to ‘tang ping’.The word is mean that taking a Brady from relentless work.During the pandemic,the author said that lots of people were under pressure to work.In some social media said that lying flat is my wise movement.Kerry Allen believe that people fell so apathetic during the pandemic,they want to have some relax in their lives.With the pandemic diminishing,the development of tang ping become more and more popular..Many young people opt slow-paced life although they need to accepting a lower salary.Jack Ma criticized the Chinese ‘996’ work culture,people need work from 9am to 9pm and they only have one day off in a week.In the end, the author said working 996 remains the only way to succeed professionally,we can’t have a choice to do opt our time.National production needs such a process.

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Time files so fast,I have been in the UK for 7 weeks.I learned a lot of knowledge both in class and in life.I made a lot of friends and a good teacher.Robert teached us writing、speacking、reading and listening.I think my English ability has improved a lot.Although I have a low marks in the mock exam,our teacher always encouraged me to try my best.I also memorized number of unfamiliar words,it was a basic to improve my English.What’s more,By talking to many foreigners I am mire confident in speaking English.Because there is no English environment in China,it make me don’t have chance to practice my English.Some difficult words become extremely simple after being integrated into life.Although i have improved my English ability,i also have some problems in my writing.Sometimes I can’t have a good route map about my article,it is really a big problem for me.And I always can’t expend my thinking.I will learn more skill about writing and reading more essay in the future.