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This article talks about how brave Russian firefighters in the Siberian city of Irkutsk attended the site of a military jet crash. The jet crashed at a residential building and marks the second fatal incident recently in October 2022 where  another Russian planet crashed in Yeysk. The article demonstrates how firefighters serve their communities by rushing to aid immediately.

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Firefighters attend aftermath of Russian jet crash in Siberia

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Video shows Russian firefighters attending the site of a military jet crash at a residential building in the Siberian city of Irkutsk on Sunday (23 October). This marks the second such fatal incident this week, after another Russian plane crashed in Yeysk on Monday (17 October). The two pilots of…

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Jazz is very influential to New Orleans and this music is important to the culture and overall lives of people in New Orleans. Another type of music that has cultural significance is Mariachi. Mariachi is an important type of music to the people of Mexico and has cultural significance.

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Music, Meaning, and Movimiento

Mexican mariachi music is made to move you. It is direct, driving, and designed to instill emotion. Happy, sad, proud, angry, desolate, romance-stricken, and rebellious are some of the moods inspired by its extroverted singers, suave harmonies, and romping rhythms. "Mariachi" means a certain repertoire of music, a special grouping of instruments, and a distinctive style of singing that create an unmistakable sound unique in the world. It has special meaning for many Mexican Americans as an emblem of their cultural heritage and a source of pride and community connections. And since the days of the Chicano Movement beginning in the 1960s, it has become a movimiento of its own, attracting millions of fans and music makers throughout the USA.

The History of Mariachi

Mariachi music has origins deep in Mexican history. The sound of its string instruments and its oldest rhythms are rooted in Mexico's colonial times (1519-1810); people from Spain and African slaves and their descendants mingled with hundreds of American Indian cultures to create a new Mexican culture marked by many regions, each with its own signature musical tradition. The music that was called "mariachi" as early as the 1850s emerged from the ranches and small towns of western Mexico, particularly in the states of Jalisco, Michoacán, Nayarit, Colima, and Aguascalientes.

When big-city radio stations, movie studios, and record companies took mariachi music to new audiences throughout Mexico and abroad beginning in the 1930s, mariachi music was transformed into one of Latin America's favorite musics. By the 1950s, its standard sound of two trumpets, three or more violins, vihuela (small guitar), and guitarrón (big bass guitar) was set. Since then, its repertoire of fast-paced sones, expressive canciones rancheras ("country" songs), polkas, syncopated huapangos, romantic boleros, and more has been heard throughout the Americas and around the world.

Mariachi in the USA

Today, mariachi ensembles are part of musical life in every country of the Americas. The USA, the Southwest in particular, is home to many thousands of mariachi musicians, and hundreds of schools host mariachi education programs. In the USA, mariachi music is just as likely to be performed in major concert halls by tightly rehearsed concert groups as it is at birthday parties, wedding receptions, baptism celebrations, and restaurants by workaday professional groups. Dozens of major annual mariachi festivals featuring local and internationally renowned groups attract audiences of thousands-both Mexican Americans who might embrace the music as a symbol of their cultural heritage and others who simply enjoy the hard-hitting, lively sounds of the music.

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Music, Meaning, and Movimiento Mexican mariachi music is made to move you. It is direct, driving, and designed to instill emotion. Happy, sad, proud, angry, desolate, romance-stricken, and rebellious are some of the moods inspired by its extroverted singers, suave harmonies, and romping rhythms. "Mariachi" means a certain repertoire of music, a special grouping of instruments, and a distinctive style of singing that create an unmistakable sound unique in the world.

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https://www.unicef.org/eca/reports/impact-war-ukraine-and-subsequent-economic-downturn-chil
Ukraine is a country that is currently in conflict with Russia. Due to this conflict, poverty rates have risen and children are being disproportionately affected. About 25% of citizens live in poverty in Ukraine which is similar to the 21% poverty rate in New Orleans.

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Like New Orleans, Rotterdam, the Netherlands is surrounded by bodies of water and some areas are below sea level. This makes the city of Rotterdam prone to flooding. This article discusses how the people of the Netherlands are striving to use new technology to protect the city of Rotterdam.

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The Dutch Have Solutions to Rising Seas. The World Is Watching. (Published 2017)

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In the waterlogged Netherlands, climate change is considered neither a hypothetical nor a drag on the economy. Instead, it’s an opportunity.

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In Bosnia, schools are segregated by ethnicity. Like Ruby Bridges and the McDonogh 3, students are standing up and fighting for desegregation by integrating schools despite pushback.

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"I am separated from my good friend, Amra; we can only spend time together at weekends," 11-year-old Asja Besirevic complains.

You would think her friend had moved to the other side of country.

In fact, Amra is in the same school building in the small, central Bosnian city of Jajce. Just not the same school.

This is a prime example of the widespread policy known as "two schools under one roof", which splits students based on their ethnicity.

Here in Jajce, Bosniak Muslim students like Asja enter through the door marked "Berta Kucera Primary School".

There is a separate entrance for ethnic Croat pupils attending the 13 September School.

I'm waiting for the day when the whole system will be reconstructed and united

Fikret Cancar
Director of Berta Kucera primary

It is not quite a case of never the twain shall meet. The children may cross paths in the atrium, which contains bulletin boards for both schools and serves as an assembly and performance venue for the Berta Kucera students.

Adults intersect as well. A Catholic nun passes a Muslim woman in a headscarf as she makes her way into the 13 September section of the building.

This gives a brief impression of multiculturalism, but that is not how it feels to Asja.

Two schools under one roof: OSCE report on discrimination in education

"I would like us all to be together and mixed. To me, it's wrong they're dividing us and I'm really sad about it."

Why Bosnia's schools were divided

Jajce and much of the surrounding area became a battleground in the 1990s, during the conflict between Croat and Bosniak forces.

Schools were sucked into the struggle as ethnic leaders attempted to impose their ideologies in the classroom.

The Dayton Peace Agreement brought an end to the fighting in 1995, but it baked in the ethnic divisions.

It split Bosnia into the mainly ethnic-Serb Republika Srpska and the Federation, which is mostly shared by Croats and Bosniaks.

Often, students are taught to hate by their parents in their homes, because the parents went through the war

The Federation embarked on the "two schools" policy ostensibly to encourage displaced families to return home.

The concept offered reassurance that children would not face indoctrination or discrimination at the hands of people who had recently been the enemy. More than 50 schools were split in this way.

But it soon became clear that the system risked reinforcing divisions.

Western diplomats put pressure on the Federation to merge schools but authorities refused. "You can't mix apples and pears," offered one senior education official in justification.

Indeed, rather than educate children together, there have even been efforts to increase the segregation, although this has met fierce resistance from the students themselves.
More stories from Bosnia

Bosnia in spat with Croatia over 'arms in mosques'

Bosnian war-torn mosque reopened

Plans for Bosnia's first Pride parade prompt backlash

How students challenged segregation

Up the hill from Berta Kucera and 13 September, the vocational high school remains mixed, following a student-led campaign to prevent segregation.

"You're brought up being taught that others are no good and you don't spend a single hour learning about their culture, beliefs or values," says Ivica Jukanovic, who was one of the leaders of the campaign.

"Often, students are taught to hate by their parents in their homes, because the parents went through the war. If they're taught to hate others at home and then go to segregated schools, they will know nothing but hate."

Back at the primary schools, children tear around their separate playgrounds, seemingly unconcerned. But their head teachers hold strikingly different views on how they should be educated in the future.

"The system as we have it now is a cancer, if you ask me," says Berta Kucera's director, Fikret Cancar.

"I'm waiting for the day when the whole system will be reconstructed and united. I don't see this in the near future - but I say to everyone who comes here: I'm waiting for the day."

But his Croat counterpart at 13 September, Iva Ladan, is far less enthusiastic about the prospect of a merger.

Bosnia has three different peoples with three different languages, who have the right to express their cultural or ethnic identity

Iva Ladan
Director of 13 September primary

"There is room for improvement, but the decision has to be made at a high level," she says.

The chances of such a high-level decision seem slim.

Bosnia's ethnic political leaders have operated on a divide-and-rule basis for more than two decades. That gives them every reason to perpetuate the "two-schools" policy.

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The children challenging segregation in Bosnia's schools

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"I am separated from my good friend, Amra; we can only spend time together at weekends," 11-year-old Asja Besirevic complains. You would think her friend had moved to the other side of country. In fact, Amra is in the same school building in the small, central Bosnian city of Jajce.